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《基于瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速的柴油機(jī)早期弱故障診斷實(shí)驗(yàn)研究.pdf》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫。
1、窶與開發(fā)-●DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-9492.2014.10.021基于瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速的柴油機(jī)早期弱故障診斷實(shí)驗(yàn)研究孫云嶺,田洪祥,王勝杰(海軍工程大學(xué)動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院,湖北武漢430033)摘要:瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速蘊(yùn)含了大量柴油機(jī)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)信息,已經(jīng)成功用于失火嚴(yán)重故障的診斷,但對(duì)于早期弱故障的診斷尚缺乏進(jìn)一步的研究。針對(duì)6-135型柴油機(jī),通過在不同程度上調(diào)整氣缸噴油量、調(diào)整氣閥間隙、模擬氣閥泄漏等方法模擬柴油機(jī)早期故障,在不同工況下進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集,計(jì)算柴油機(jī)瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速信號(hào),并分析其不同狀態(tài)下的變化規(guī)律。發(fā)現(xiàn)柴油機(jī)瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速信號(hào)可以用于判斷多種早
2、期故障,各缸瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速升程歸一化比值P是較直接的特征參數(shù)。正常狀態(tài)下,各缸瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速P值在0.9~1.1以內(nèi),若某缸升程P值下降超過10%,可認(rèn)為該氣缸存在故障。該方法對(duì)于影響缸內(nèi)壓力的故障如各氣缸噴油量不均勻、氣閥泄漏等比較敏感,對(duì)于活塞一缸套間隙過大等對(duì)缸內(nèi)壓力影響程度小的故障不敏感。關(guān)鍵詞:柴油機(jī);瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速;故障診斷中圖分類號(hào):TK268文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1009—9492(2014)10—0076—05TheExperimentResearchonEarlyWeakDieselFaultDiagnosisBasedonInstantane0
3、usSpeedSUNYun-ling,TIANHong—xiang,WANGSheng-jie(PowerEng.College,NavalUniv.ofEngineering,Wuhan430033,China)Abstract:Instantaneousspeedsignalincludedmuchworkingstatusinformationofdiesel,andithasbeenusedinseveremisfirefaultdiagnosissuccessfully,butthereisstilllackoffurtherresearc
4、honearlyweakfaultdiagnosis.Inthispaper,severalearlyfaultsaresimulatedin6-135typedieselthroughadjustcylinderfuelejectquantity,adjustexhaustvalveclearance,simulateexhaustvalveleakindifferdegree.Experimentdataisacquiredatdifferentrunningstatus,andinstantaneousspeedsignalofdieselis
5、calculated.Throughanalyzingthechangeruleofinstantaneousspeedsignalindifferentstatus,itisfoundthatthedieselinstantaneousspeedsignalcouldbeusedinseveralearlyfaultdiagnosis.a(chǎn)ndtheinstantaneousspeedunitaryriseamplituderatio尸ofeverycylinderisadirectcharacterparameter.Atnormalstatus,
6、Pvalueofeverycylinderareintherangeof0.9~1.1.IfthePvalueofcertaincylinderdescendover10%,thenitcouldbethinkasafaultcylinder.Themethodissensitivetosomefaultwhichcouldinfluencegaspressincylindersuchasfuelejectquantitynotuniformityandvalveleaking,anditisnotsensitivetosomefaultwhichc
7、ouldn’tinfluencegaspressincylindersuchascylinderlinerwear.Keywords:diesel;instantaneousspeed;faultdiagnosisO概述的做功能力下降故障經(jīng)常發(fā)生,并且難以采用其柴油機(jī)瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速信號(hào)蘊(yùn)含了大量機(jī)器運(yùn)行狀他信息源如油液分析、振動(dòng)監(jiān)測來診斷。這些故態(tài)信息?,可以間接反映缸內(nèi)壓力,逐漸成為柴油障都是通過影響缸內(nèi)壓力來造成性能下降的,而機(jī)故障診斷的重要信息源之一[2-31,并成功應(yīng)用于瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)速與缸內(nèi)壓力有著直接的動(dòng)力學(xué)關(guān)系,且失火故障的診斷。氣缸失火屬于嚴(yán)重故障
8、,發(fā)具有測試方便、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)在線監(jiān)測等優(yōu)點(diǎn),所以生率極低,并可較容易地通過其他信息源如氣缸研究柴油機(jī)早期微弱故