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1、南方農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)JournalofSouthernAgriculture2015,46(10):1786—1791ISSN2095一I191:CODENNNXAABDOI:10.3969/j:issn.2095一1191.2015.10.1786生物質(zhì)炭制備及不同施用量對(duì)土壤碳庫(kù)和植物生長(zhǎng)的影響李程,李小平+(華東師范大學(xué)河13"海岸科學(xué)研究院,上海200062)摘要:【目的】研究生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)狀況和土壤性質(zhì)的影響,為生物質(zhì)固碳的利用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。【方法】通過(guò)黑麥草盆栽試驗(yàn)的方法,以崇明島農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物秸稈作為原料,使用自制裂解爐在300℃下
2、制備生物質(zhì)炭;同時(shí)設(shè)0、5、lo、25和50眺g等5種不同施用量,測(cè)定不同生物質(zhì)炭施用量對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)和土壤性質(zhì)的影響?!窘Y(jié)果】生物質(zhì)炭可以促進(jìn)黑麥草根系生長(zhǎng)、增加生物量,促進(jìn)其有機(jī)質(zhì)積累,當(dāng)施用量為10眺g時(shí),黑麥草的生長(zhǎng)狀況最好;施用生物質(zhì)炭可以升高土壤pH,增加硝態(tài)氮、速效磷和速效鉀等營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素含量,土壤中有機(jī)碳含量隨生物質(zhì)炭施用量的增加而呈直線增加趨勢(shì):綜合考慮生物質(zhì)炭對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)的促進(jìn)作用和固碳效率,其最佳施用量為10g/kg。施用生物質(zhì)炭可以增加土壤碳庫(kù)和其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素,但較高生物質(zhì)炭施用量并不總是促進(jìn)植物生長(zhǎng)?!窘Y(jié)論1施用生物質(zhì)炭增加
3、了黑麥草生物量,對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)的改變有重要作用,可為作物提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素和良好的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境,并提高土壤碳庫(kù)。關(guān)鍵詞:生物質(zhì)炭;黑麥草;根;機(jī)碳中圖分類號(hào):S154.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):2095—1191(2015)10—1786—06EffectofbiocharpreparationanditsapplicationamountonsoilcarbonpoolandplantgrowthLICheng,LIXiao-ping‘(StateKeyLaboratoryofEstuarineandCoastalResearch,EastChi
4、naNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,China)Abstract:【Objective]EffectofbiocharOilplantgrowthandsoilpropertieswerestudied.inordertoprovidescientific—basisforcarbonsequestrationofbiomass.【Method】UsingagriculturalwastesstrawofChongmingislandasmaterials.biocharwaspreparedinself-
5、madecrackingfumaceof300℃.Thedifferentamountsofbiochar(5,10,25afld50g/kg)wereusedtocuhivater)'egrassinpot,SOastoinvestigateeffectofbiocharonD'egrassgrowthandsoilproperties.【Result】Theresultsshowedthatbio(‘ha。playedacertainroleinpromotinggrowthofryegrassrootandaccumulationo
6、forgani【.matter,andincreasinghiomass.Ryegrassgrewbestwhentheapplicationamountofbioehal‘was10g/kg.BiocharcouldincreasesoilpH,nitratenitrogen,availablephosphorusandavailablepotassiumandothernutrientseontent.a(chǎn)ndthesoilorganiccarboncontentincreasedlinearlyastheapplicationamou
7、ntofbiocharincreased.Furthem_Iore,consideringonpro—motingeffectofbiocharOnuegrassgrowthandcarbonsequestrationefficiency,theoptimalapplicationanlountofbiochal·was10g/kg.Althoughbiocharcouldincreasesoilcarbonpoolandothernutrientelements.£hehigherdosageofbioctlarcouldnotalwa
8、yspromotegrowthofryegrass.【Conclusion】Biocharcanincreasebiomassofryegrass,andhasanimpor—rantinfl