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1、水利水電技術(shù)第47卷2016年第5期氣候變化和人類活動(dòng)對(duì)洮河輸沙量變化的影響分析牛最榮,崔亮(甘肅省水文水資源局,甘肅蘭州730000)摘要:根據(jù)洮河代表水文站近60年的輸沙量資料,分析了洮河輸沙量變化規(guī)律以及氣候變化和人類活動(dòng)對(duì)洮河輸沙量變化的影響。結(jié)果表明:(1)洮河多年平均輸沙量為2295萬t,輸沙量從1990年開始呈明顯遞減并且有繼續(xù)減少的趨勢(shì);(2)洮河各代表站輸沙量均發(fā)生顯著突變,突變年份發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)80年代末和90年代中上期,輸沙量突變后比突變前有明顯減少;(3)氣候變化和人類活動(dòng)共同影響下
2、洮河輸沙量呈減少趨勢(shì)。總體上,氣候變化對(duì)輸沙量變化的影響要遠(yuǎn)小于人類活動(dòng)的影響,20世紀(jì)90年代以前氣候變化對(duì)輸沙量的變化影響起主導(dǎo)作用,90年代以后人類活動(dòng)的影響起主導(dǎo)作用。關(guān)鍵詞:輸沙量;變化規(guī)律;氣候變化;人類活動(dòng);洮河doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2016.05.019中圖分類號(hào):TVl43文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:B文章編號(hào):1000—0860(2016)05.0080—05Analysisonimpactsfromclimatechangeandhumanactivitiesonsedi
3、mentdischargeofTaoheRiverNIUZuirong,CUILiang(HydrologyandWaterResourcesBureauofGansuProvince,Lanzhou730000,Gansu,China)Abstract:Basedonthesedimentdischargedataofrecent60yearsfromtherepresentativehydrologicalstationsalongTaoheRiv—er,boththechanginglawofthes
4、edimentdischargefromTaoheRiverandtheimpactsfromtheclimatechangeandthehumanac-tivitiesonthesedimentchangeaYeanalyzedherein.Theresultshowsthat:(1)theyearlymeansediementdischargeofTaoheRiveris22.95milliont,whilethesediementdischargestartsallobviousdegressiona
5、longwithatrendofcontinuousdecreasefrom1990;(2)significntabruptchangesofsedimentdischargesOCCUratalltherepresentativehydrologicalstationsalongTaoheRiver,whiletheyearsoftheabruptchangeoccurredattheendoftheendofthe80sandtheearly—mediumtermof90sinthelastcentur
6、y,forwhichthesediementdischargeaftertheabruptchangeisobviouslydecreasedthanthatbeffoetheabruptchange;(3)thesediementdischargefromTaoheRivershowsatrendofdecreaseunderthecommonimpactfromboththeclimatechangeandthehumanactivities.Generally,theimpactfromtheclim
7、atechangeOilthesedimentdischargeismuchlessthanthatfromthehumanactivities;i.e.thedominantrolewasplayedbytheimpactfromtheclimatechangeonthesedimentdischargebeforethe90softhelastcenturyandafterthatisplayedbythehumanactivities.Keywords:sedimentdischarge;changi
8、nglaw;climatechange;humanactivities;TaoheRiver1流域概況洮河是黃河上游較大的支流,河長(zhǎng)673km,流域總面積25527km2,流域內(nèi)支流眾多,地貌復(fù)雜多樣,山地、高原、河谷交錯(cuò)分布。氣候有明顯的垂直80分帶;年平均降水量555.8Film,多年平均徑流量45.3X收稿日期:2015.08—17基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(91125015)資助。作者簡(jiǎn)介:牛最榮