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1、JournalofEngineeringGeology工程地質(zhì)學(xué)報(bào)1004—9665/2014/22(6).1028.06DOI:10.135448.enki.jeg.2014.06.002非飽和土向上滲流試驗(yàn)儀的研制與應(yīng)用術(shù)王念秦龐琦韓波(西安科技大學(xué)地質(zhì)與環(huán)境學(xué)院西安710054)摘要地下水(潛水)位上升,在黃土(非飽和土)中會產(chǎn)生一種特殊的滲流現(xiàn)象——向上滲流。為了探索黃土中的向上滲流規(guī)律,研制了非飽和土向上滲流試驗(yàn)儀。試驗(yàn)儀器由補(bǔ)水裝置、滲流裝置、連接管及試驗(yàn)臺等部件組成,可用來模擬不同水勢壓力(定水頭壓力)條件下潛水位上升的水土作用過程。該
2、試驗(yàn)儀不僅可直接觀察水在土中向上滲流的過程、滲流鋒面形態(tài)及變化,而且可以獲取滲流鋒面位移一時(shí)間關(guān)系(滲流速度)、滲流壓力一滲流速度關(guān)系等滲流特征參數(shù),揭示向上滲流規(guī)律,服務(wù)于黃土災(zāi)害(滑坡、崩塌、地面沉降等)研究。基于此試驗(yàn)儀器,采取兩組原狀非飽和離石黃土,對其均分別進(jìn)行定壓力水頭為lcm、5cm、lOcm的向上滲流模擬試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:試驗(yàn)儀器能夠較好模擬定水頭壓力條件下潛水位上升的水土作用過程、直觀再現(xiàn)水在土中的向上滲流以及獲取所需的向上滲流特征參數(shù),具有一定的應(yīng)用前景及價(jià)值。關(guān)鍵詞非飽和土定水頭壓力向上滲流試驗(yàn)儀研制應(yīng)用中圖分類號:TU415
3、文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:ADEVELoPMENTANDAPPLICATIoNoFUPWARDPERMEAMETERFoRUNSATURATEDSoILWANGNianqinPANGQiHANBo(CollegeofGeologyandEnvironment,XianUniversityofScienceandTechnology,an710054)AbstractUpwardseepage,aspecialkindofseepagephenomenon,canbegeneratedintheloess(unsaturatedsoil)ontheriseofund
4、ergroundwater(phreaticwater)leve1.Inordertoexploretheupwardseepagelawintheloess,theupwardpermeameteronunsaturatedsoilisdeveloped.Thisexperimentalinstrumentconsistsofwaterreplenishingdevice,seepagedevice,connectingpipewhichconnectsthetwodevicesandtestbed.Itcansimulatetheinteract
5、ionbetweensoilandwaterunderdifferentwaterpressure(constantheadpressure)ontheriseofwatertable.Thetestercandirectlyobservetheprocessofwaterupwardseepageintheloess,theshapeandthechangeofseepagefrontandcanobtaintherelationshipbetweenseepagefrontaldisplacementandtime(seepagevelocity
6、),therelationshipbetweenseepagepressureandseepagevelocity.Revealingtheupwardseepagelawtoservethestudyofloessdisasters(1andslide,collapse,landsubsidenceandthelike)i8ofgreatsignificance.Onthebasisoftheexperimentalinstrument,twosetsofin—situunsaturatedLishiloessareselectedtodosimu
7、lation.Theconstantpressureheadsofthetwosetsofsoilsamplesarelcm,5cmand10cm.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheinstrumentcaneffectivelysimulatetheinteractionbetweensoilandwaterunderconstantheadpressureontheriseofwatertable,intuitivelyreproducethewaterseepageintheSoilandobtainthereq
8、uiredupwardseepage{收稿日期:2013—12—16;收到修改稿日期:2014—03—14.