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1、第42卷,第6期工程塑料應(yīng)用Vo1.42,No.6.一132014年6月ENGINEERrNGPLASTICSAPPLICATIONJun.2O14doi:10.39690.issn.1001-3539.2014.06.003硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料的制備王雁國,汪艷,張慧(武漢工程大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院,武漢430073)摘要:以聚氯乙烯(PVC)為基體,馬來酸酐為接枝劑,異氰酸酯、三聚氰胺為交聯(lián)劑,制備出性能優(yōu)異的硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料;通過紅外光譜、熱失重和熱機械分析及凝膠含量測定對硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料進行分析
2、,證實交聯(lián)反應(yīng)發(fā)生在水煮工藝階段,玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度在180℃左右;研究了馬來酸酐用量對硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料凝膠含量的影響,馬來酸酐的用量在塑化成型階段對交聯(lián)度的影響較小,硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料的凝膠含量隨著馬來酸酐用量的增加而增大;用光學(xué)顯微鏡對硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料的泡孔直徑進行了測量。結(jié)果表明,硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料的泡孔直徑分布較為均勻,密度為60kg/m的泡孔直徑主要分布在100~130m,密度為90kg/m的泡孔直徑主要分布在70~80m;測定了硬質(zhì)交聯(lián)PVC泡沫塑料的力學(xué)性能,結(jié)果顯示,其具備同瑞士Air
3、exC70產(chǎn)品相當?shù)牧W(xué)性能。關(guān)鍵詞:聚氯乙烯;交聯(lián);異氰酸酯;泡沫塑料中圖分類號:TQ325.3文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1001-3539(2014)06-0013-O4PreparationofRigidCross-LinkingPVCFoamPlasticsWangYanguo,WangYan,ZhangHui(SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,WuhanInstituteofTechnology,Wuhan430073,China)Abstract:Basedonp
4、olyvinylchloride(PVC)resin,rigidcross—linkingPVCfoamplasticswithspecialperformancewerepreparedbyisocyanateandmelaminewhichwereusedasthecross-linkingagentandmaleicanhydridewhichwasusedasthegraftingagent.Itisconfirmedthatthecross—linkingreactionhappenintheboiling
5、processphasebyinfraredspectrumanalysis,thermalgravimetricanalysis,thermalmechanicalanalysisandgelcontentmeasurement.Italsoshowsthattheglasstransitiontemperatureofthefoamplasticsisatabout180~C.Dosageofmaleicanhydridewasstudiedontheinfluenceofthegelcontentofthefo
6、amplastics,theamountofmaleicanhydridehaslesseffectonthedegreeofcross-linkinginplasticizationandmoldingphaseandthegelcontentofthefoamplasticsisincreasedwiththeincreaseofdosageofmaleicanhydride.Bubbleporediameterweremeasuredbyopticalmicroscope.Itshowsthatthedistr
7、ibutionofbubbleporediameterarehomogeneous,thebubbleporediameterofthefoamplasticsforthedensityof60kg/maremainlydistributedin100—130IXmandthedensityof90kg/m3aremainlydistributedin70-80m.Bythedeterminationofthemechanicalpropertiesofthefoamplastics,itshowsthatthefo
8、amplasticshasthesamemechanicalpropertiesastheSwissAirexC70products.Keywords:polyvinylchloride;cross—linking;isocyanate;foamplastic聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫塑料具有良好的物理性器材、鐵路機車、航空航天等領(lǐng)域。能、耐化學(xué)藥