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1、農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)2010,29(5):982—989JoumaiofAgro—EnvironmentScience不同處理對高含水率奶牛糞便好氧堆肥的影響邵淼1,楊淑英2,張?jiān)鰪?qiáng)2,康軍1(1.西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)資環(huán)學(xué)院,陜西楊凌712100;2.西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)理學(xué)院,陜西楊凌712100)摘要:針對奶牛養(yǎng)殖場糞便含水率高,堆肥處理成本高的特點(diǎn),采用以干燥玉米秸稈為調(diào)理劑,在較高初始含水率條件下(70%-80%),進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)制通風(fēng)堆肥槽和翻轉(zhuǎn)式堆肥倉的對比試驗(yàn),并且探討了晾曬脫水作為預(yù)處理對堆肥效果的影響。結(jié)果表明,各處理堆
2、體升溫迅速,且均在50。c以上維持8—12d,滿足堆肥無害化的衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB7959---1987)要求。至堆肥結(jié)束時(shí),各處理含水率均降至40%以下,C/N均降至20以下,WSOC均低于16g·kg-’,NII;-N含量均低于0.49·kg。1;除采用堆肥槽在初始含水率為65%下堆肥NP,2一N/NO;一N>3尚未腐熟完全外,其他處理N嵫一N/NO;一N均小于0.5,腐熟情況較好;所有處理的GI均大于50%,其中采用堆肥槽在較高初始含水率堆肥和晾曬預(yù)處理后堆肥GI已達(dá)80%,基本消除了植物毒性。采用較為開放的堆肥槽時(shí),以玉
3、米秸稈作調(diào)理劑,在較高的初始含水率條件下堆肥效果更好;以晾曬脫水作為預(yù)處理后堆肥,可減少所需調(diào)理劑的用量,節(jié)約了堆肥的成本。關(guān)鍵詞:奶牛糞便;含水率;玉米秸稈;晾曬;堆肥中圖分類號:S141.4文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號:1672—2043(2010)05-0982-08E仃ectofDifferentTreatmentsonCompostingof砸ghWaterContentDairyManureSHAOMia01,YANGShu-ying;,ZHAGNZeng-qian92,KANGJunl(1.CollegeofRes
4、ourceandEnvironment,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling712100,China;2.CollegeofSciences,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling712100,China)Abstract:Inviewofthecharacteristicsofhighwatercontentofthedairymanure,itisuneconomicaltocompostitwiththeamendmentoflowerwatercontent.Int
5、hepresentstudy,dairymanurewascompostedatarelativelyhishinitialwatercontent(70%一80%),usinggrindeddrymaizestrawasamendment,comparedtheforcedaerationstaticbedcompostingwiththerotatingaerobiceomposting.a(chǎn)swell鵲theeffectofair-dryingdehydrationaspre—treatmentoncomposting
6、.Theresultsshowedthatthethermophilictemperaturesofalltreatmentswereat-tainedsoonafterthecompostingstartandmaintainedabove50℃for8to12d.whichWasenoughtosatisfytherequirementsofsanitarystan-dardforthenon—hazardous(GB7959--1987).Attheendofcomposting,thewatercontentdec
7、linedbelow40%;theC,Nratio,WSOCandNH—Ncontentbelow20,16g-kg-1and0.4g·kg一,respectively.Moreover,theNH:-N/NOi-Nofalltreatmentsexceptthatthetreatmentwascompostedinstaticbedequipmentatlowerinitialwatercontentwerelessthan0.5.indicatedthatthesetreatmentsmaturedverywell.T
8、hegerminationtestshowedthattheGIofalltreatmentsweremorethan50%,moreover,thetreatmentbystaticbedequipmentatrelativelyhighinitialwatercontentandair--dryin