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1、Y810932內(nèi)容摘要隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程的加快,F(xiàn)DI對(duì)世界各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的作用顯得同益重要,各國(guó)對(duì)FD[的需求呈現(xiàn)待續(xù)增長(zhǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)。然而FDI供給的增長(zhǎng)卻有限,因此各國(guó)對(duì)FDI的爭(zhēng)奪必定是激烈的。2004年,由于受高端制造業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的影響和服務(wù)業(yè)離岸外包的驅(qū)動(dòng),全球FDI出現(xiàn)恢復(fù)性增長(zhǎng)。制造業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)國(guó)際轉(zhuǎn)移帶動(dòng)的FDI,為各國(guó)獲乎導(dǎo)穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的FDI提供了機(jī)會(huì),也帶來(lái)了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。二戰(zhàn)屆,全球發(fā)生了三次產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移浪潮。從產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,先是從勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移開(kāi)始,進(jìn)而到資本、技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移;從
2、轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位來(lái)看,是從相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)移到次發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,再由次發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家到發(fā)展中國(guó)家推進(jìn)。這種產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的區(qū)位選擇,是出參與國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化決定的,而國(guó)家之間生產(chǎn)要素及市場(chǎng)需求等稟賦的差異則是參與固競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)變化的主要原因。因此,影響國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位的因素主要是被轉(zhuǎn)移目的稟賦。那么,我國(guó)若要有效承接新一輪產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移.就應(yīng)了解國(guó)際轉(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)位因素,具體分析我國(guó)的稟賦條件,以獲得更多FDI。本文從國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位理論出發(fā),首先對(duì)世界范圍內(nèi)國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移作一個(gè)總體的概述;然后對(duì)有代表性的國(guó)家(以美國(guó)和R本為考察對(duì)象
3、)的海外產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,找出影響其國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位選擇的因素;最后利用中國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)和面板數(shù)據(jù)分析方法對(duì)以上區(qū)位因素進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。本文認(rèn)為:被轉(zhuǎn)移國(guó)的市場(chǎng)容量、生產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)及配套能力、勞動(dòng)力成本、高素質(zhì)人力資本、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)環(huán)境是國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的重要區(qū)位因素,但以上因素對(duì)不同產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位選擇影響程度不同。針對(duì)以上因素分析,本文對(duì)我國(guó)如何有效承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移提出政策建議。本文共四章,除緒論部分,第二章首先對(duì)國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)行概述,然后回顧了國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)展和楣關(guān)理論及文獻(xiàn),并以美國(guó)和日本海外產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移為
4、例,討論了國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的區(qū)位因素;第三章利用中國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位因素進(jìn)行了計(jì)量檢驗(yàn);第四章為結(jié)論與建議。關(guān)鍵詞:FDI國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移區(qū)位因素AbstractForeignDirectinvestmentffDI)isrecognizedasanimportantfactorwhichcallmakeamaiorcontributiontotheeconomicdevelopmentofmostcountries.TheattractionofFDIhasevolvedintoahighlyd
5、evelopedtechniquewhichrequiresappropriatepolicytoattractFDlwithinahighlycompetitiveinternationalmarket·NowthenewfloodofindustrialtransferisbringingattractiveopportunitytocountrieswhicheagertogainmorehighqualityFDI.Whilethelocationalpatternsofintemati
6、onalindustrialtransferdifferbyinduNrialcharactersandchangeovertime.Itisallefficientwaytofindoutthedeterminantsofindustrialtransfer’slocational.choosingdecisionandcarry0ntheobjectedindustryaccordingtothelocationaladvantages,ThatisthekeytobroadeningFDI
7、stockbroadly,andalsothepurposeofthispaper.Thepaperisorganizedasfollows.Section2brieflyanalyzestherelationsbetweenFDIpromotingandinternationalindustrialtransfer.Section3tev(ewsthedevelopmentandtheoriesofinternationalindustrialtransfer.Section4discusse
8、stheoverviewsofU.S.a(chǎn)ndJapaneseindustrialtransferovertime.Section5presentstheeconometricanalysistoinvestigatetheeffectsofthepossibledeterminantsofindustrialtransferincaseofChina.Section6analyzedthesamplecountries’locationaladvantagescomparisonaccordin