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1、第7卷第6期中國(guó)艦船研究Vol.7No.6第20126期年12月ChineseJournalofShipResearchDec.2012doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-3185.2012.06.011管道內(nèi)波速變化對(duì)水錘現(xiàn)象的影響分析方成躍趙觀輝中國(guó)艦船研究設(shè)計(jì)中心,湖北武漢430064摘要:管道內(nèi)水錘波速受管道自身以及管內(nèi)流體等多種因素的影響,在實(shí)際工程中,管內(nèi)流體性質(zhì)變化以及管道的結(jié)構(gòu)材質(zhì)的不同都會(huì)引起對(duì)應(yīng)水錘波速的變化。選取了兩種典型的波速變化情況——整管波速變化與管路中不同位置局部波速變化,利用
2、一維流體軟件FLOWMASTER對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真分析,著重研究這兩種情況下波速變化對(duì)管內(nèi)水錘壓力波幅值與周期的影響。在整管波速變化情況中,考慮當(dāng)閥門(mén)關(guān)閉時(shí)間與關(guān)閥水錘周期之間的大小關(guān)系不同時(shí)波速變化對(duì)水錘現(xiàn)象的影響,以使結(jié)論更為合理全面。在局部波速變化情況中,改進(jìn)了用平均波速變化來(lái)分析局部波速變化的方法,引入了波的散射理論對(duì)位置變化帶來(lái)的影響,并進(jìn)行了分析,比較了管路中各個(gè)典型位置上波速變化所對(duì)應(yīng)的水錘現(xiàn)象,突出了波速變化位置的影響,可為管路設(shè)計(jì)與水錘防護(hù)提供參考。關(guān)鍵詞:水錘波速;水錘壓力波;壓力波散射;FLOWMAST
3、ER中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):U664.84文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1673-3185(2012)06-71-07TheImpactAnalysisoftheWaveVelocityChangesInsidethePipeontheWaterHammerFANGCheng-yueZHAOGuan-huiChinaShipDevelopmentandDesignCenter,Wuhan430064,ChinaAbstract:Thewater-hammerwavevelocityinsidethepipeisaffectedbysev
4、eralfactors,suchasthepipeitselfandthepipefluid.Inpracticeprojects,changesofthefluidpropertiesorthepipestructureandmate?rialwillcausethecorrespondingvariationofthewater-hammerwavevelocity.Inthispaper,twotypicalsit?uationsdemonstratingthevelocitychangesareexamined
5、resortingtothe1DCFDsoftwareFLOWMAS?TER:thegeneralchangeswithinthewholepipe,andthespecificchangesatdifferentlocations.Theanaly?sisfocusesontheimpactsinducedbychangingthewavevelocityontheamplitudeandcycletimeofthewa?ter-hammerpressurewave.Ontheonehand,whenstudying
6、thecaseinvolvinggeneralchangeswithinthewholepipe,theeffectsofdifferentcombinationsofthevalve’sshuttingtimeandcircletimeonthewa?ter-hammerisconsidered,sothatamorereasonableandcomprehensiveconclusionisreached.Ontheoth?erhand,whenstudyingthespecificchanges,thealgor
7、ithmofthemeanwavevelocityanalysisisrefined,andthewavescatteringtheoryisintroducedtoanalyzetheinfluencesofthewavevelocitychange,wheretheroleofthechangingpositionisemphasized.Inbrief,theworkconductedinthisarticlemayprovidesomeguidanceforthepipelinedesignandwater-h
8、ammerprotection.Keyword:water-hammerwavevelocity;water-hammerpressurewave;pressurewavescattering;FLOWMASTER從而在管路中產(chǎn)生一系列急驟的壓力交替變化的0引言水力撞擊現(xiàn)象,稱(chēng)為水錘現(xiàn)象,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)水錘。就本質(zhì)壓力管路中,因流速劇烈變化