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1、2015年28卷2期西南農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)V0L28Nn2SouthwestChinaJournalofAgriculturalSciences文章編號(hào):1001-4829(2015)02-0809-06DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.8cja8.2015.02.068水生植物對(duì)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化程度不同水體氮磷去除效果的研究戢小梅,許林,謝焰鋒,王湛昌,陳法志,陳衛(wèi)東,羅智勇(1.武漢市林業(yè)果樹(shù)科學(xué)研究所,湖北武漢430070;2.南漳縣森林病蟲(chóng)防治檢疫站,湖北襄陽(yáng)441500)摘要:研究了黃菖蒲、石菖蒲、常綠水生鳶尾和黑三棱4種水生植物對(duì)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化程度不同的兩種水體中氮、磷的去除效果,旨在為武
2、漢地區(qū)湖泊濕地的生態(tài)修復(fù)、生態(tài)溝渠的構(gòu)建和人工濕地的布置提供試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。選取南湖排污口水體和林果所池塘水作為供試水體在室內(nèi)模擬水生植物的水體凈化試驗(yàn),定期觀測(cè)4種水生植物的生長(zhǎng)狀況并測(cè)定各供試水體中氮和磷的含量變化。結(jié)果表明,通過(guò)研究結(jié)果表明,黑三棱、黃菖蒲和常綠水生鳶尾在2種富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水體中均能生長(zhǎng),石菖蒲在高濃度富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水體中生長(zhǎng)受到影響,這4種植物對(duì)不同程度富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水體中的氮、磷去除率不同,黑三棱對(duì)2種不同富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化程度水體的總氮的去除率分別為5O.29%、44.59%,黃菖蒲的為48.84%,46.13%,常綠水生鴦尾的為41.o0%、41.5O%,石菖蒲的為36.71%
3、、41.13%;對(duì)2種水體總磷的去除率黑三棱的為67.74%、60.55%,黃苫蒲的為62.35%、59.61%,常綠水生鳶尾的為57.74%、52.00%,石菖蒲的為48.55%、49.85%。試驗(yàn)表明,4種水生植物均能改善富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水體的水質(zhì)。綜合分析各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)可知,4種植物中黑三棱對(duì)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)水體的凈化效果最好,黃菖蒲也表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的凈化去除能力,石菖蒲對(duì)水體的凈化能力表現(xiàn)較差。關(guān)鍵詞:富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化水體;水生植物;凈化能力;去除率中圈分類(lèi)號(hào):$718.521.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AEfectsofHydrophytesonRemovalofNitrogenandPhosphorusinDifere
4、ntLevelsofEutrophicWaterJIXiao—mei,XULin,XIEYan-feng,WANGZhan—chang,CHENFa—zhi,CHENWei-dong‘,LUOZhi-yong2(1.WuhanScienceResearchInstituteofForestry&Fruit-tree,Hubei,Wuhan430070,China;2.NanzhangForestPestControlandQu盯蟣-tineStation,HuhaiXiangyang441500,China)Abstract:Fourkindsofaquaticplantnamely
5、Ir/spse.dacerus,Acerustatarinowii,WaterIrlsandSparganiumstoloniferum(Graebn.)Buch.-Ham.exintwolevelsofeutrophicwaterwerecompared,andnitrogenandphosphorusremovalcapacityofeutrophicwaterwereana·lyzed,toprovidetestdataandtechnicalsupportfortheecologicalrestorationoflakewetland,theconstructionofeco
6、logicalditchandthear-rangementofconstructedwetlandinWuhanarea.selectedtwolevelsofeutrophicwatercomingfromsewageoufa1]ofthesouthlakeandthepondofWuhanScienceResearchInstituteofForestry&Fruit-t~e88experimentalwaters.a(chǎn)ndsimulatedPurificationofEutrephieatedWaterbyfourkindsofaquaticplantinstillwaterI
7、ndoor.Growthstatusoffourkindsofaquaticplantswereobserved,andthechangesofconten~ofnitrogenandphosphorusweredeterminedatregularintervals.TheresultsshowedthatSparganiumstolonlferum(Graebn.)Buch.-Ham.ex,IdspseudacerusandWaterIr/scould