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1、第32卷第06期計(jì)算機(jī)仿真2015年06月文章編號(hào):1006—9348(2015)06—0324—05基于線性自抗擾控制的UUV航向控制器設(shè)計(jì)黃健,何江虹(昆明船舶設(shè)備研究試驗(yàn)中心,云南昆明650051)摘要:由于UUV航向運(yùn)動(dòng)受執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)非線性約束的影響,還受到浪、流的干擾,給航向穩(wěn)定性控制帶來(lái)較大困難。為了改善UUV航向控制品質(zhì),將線性自抗擾控制技術(shù)應(yīng)用到航向控制中。首先,利用線性擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器估計(jì)出系統(tǒng)的“總合干擾”,并進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)反饋補(bǔ)償,將系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化為積分串聯(lián)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型;然后,在積分串聯(lián)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型基礎(chǔ)上,利用預(yù)期動(dòng)力學(xué)方程設(shè)計(jì)了控制器;最后,通過(guò)引入飽和限幅環(huán)節(jié)和
2、死區(qū)環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)控制器進(jìn)行修正。針對(duì)線性擴(kuò)張狀態(tài)觀測(cè)器在初始階段存在“peaking”現(xiàn)象而造成執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)大幅動(dòng)作的問(wèn)題,采取在初始階段不引入“總和干擾”估計(jì)值的方法來(lái)解決。對(duì)比PID,線性自抗擾控制器在模型參數(shù)攝動(dòng)、常值干擾、一階高頻波浪力干擾、低頻正弦干擾下,有更好的動(dòng)靜態(tài)特性和魯棒性。關(guān)鍵詞:線性自抗擾控制;無(wú)人水下航行器;航向控制;預(yù)期動(dòng)力學(xué)方程中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TP391.9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:BUUVHeadingAttitudeControllerDesignBasedOilLinearADRCTechnologyHUANGJian,HEJiang—hong(Kun
3、mingShipBorneResearchandTestCenter,KunmingYunnan650051,China)ABSTRACT:Becauseofnonlinearconstraintsofactuator.a(chǎn)swellastheeffoctsofwaveandflowdisturbances.itisdifficulttodesignahighperformanceheadingattitudecontrollerforunmannedunderwatervehicle(UUV).Toim—provetheheadingcontrolquali
4、tyofUUV,linearactiverejectiondisturbancecontrol(ADRC)technologyisappliedtotheheadingcontrolofUUV.First,linearextendedstateobserver(LESO)isusedtoestimatethesystemof”eom-binedinterference“,adynamicfeedbackcompensationiscarriedon,andthesystemfortheintegralseriesstandardissimplified.Th
5、en,basedonintegralseriesstandard,thecontrollerisdesignedwithexpecteddynamicequations.Finally,thecontrollerismodifiedbyintroducingasaturationlimiteranddeadzone.Aimingattosolvetheactuatorsharpmovementproblemcausedby”peaking”phenomenonofLESOintheinitialstage,theestimationof”combinedin
6、terference”isnotinputtothecontrollerintheinitialstage.ComparingwiththePID,linearADRChasbetterdy—namicandstaticcharacteristicsandrobustnessinsituationofbigmodelparameterperturbationandconstantinterfer-enceandfirst—orderhigh~equencywaveforcesinterferenceandlowfrequencysinusoidalinter
7、ference.KEYWORDS:Linearactiverejectiondisturbancecontrol;Unmannedunderwatervehicle(UUV);Headingattitudecontrol;Expecteddynamicequation多控制方法應(yīng)用于UUV姿態(tài)控制中“,取得了豐富的理1引言論成果,但工程實(shí)現(xiàn)存在很多困難。無(wú)人水下航行器(Unmannedunderwatervehicle,UUV)的自抗擾控制(Activedisturbancerejectioncontrol,ADRC)航向控制品質(zhì)對(duì)其航行安全性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性有著至
8、關(guān)重要的影繼承了PID的優(yōu)點(diǎn),具有算法簡(jiǎn)單、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)