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1、第33卷第3期大豆科學(xué)V01.33No.32014征6月S0YBEANSCIENCEJun.2014盆栽條件下水肥調(diào)控對大豆生長和產(chǎn)量的影響張立軍,孫旭剛,王昌陵,閆春娟,王文斌,宋書宏(遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院作物研究所,遼寧沈陽110161)摘要:采用重量法在分枝期對盆栽大豆進(jìn)行水分調(diào)控,探討了不同水分(輕度干旱、適宜、漬害)和施肥(不施肥、施肥)組合處理對大豆生長和產(chǎn)量的影響。結(jié)果表明:W2F1處理(適宜水分、施肥)大豆葉面積、根、莖、葉干重均明顯高于其他處理;W3F1處理(漬害、施肥)成熟期株高、根瘤個數(shù)和根瘤重顯著高于其他處理,而單個根瘤重則以
2、W1F0(輕度干旱、不施肥)最高;W2F1處理單株莢數(shù)、百粒重及產(chǎn)量均明顯高于其他處理,雖然W3F1處理單株粒數(shù)最高,但最終產(chǎn)量仍不及W2F1處理,W1FO(輕度干旱、不施肥)處理產(chǎn)量最低。因此,適宜的土壤水分和施肥能夠促進(jìn)大豆生長發(fā)育,盡管施肥在一定程度上抑制了根瘤數(shù)目,但仍能獲得較高產(chǎn)量。分枝期干旱嚴(yán)重抑制了大豆干物質(zhì)積累和根瘤發(fā)育,施肥并不能改善干旱對大豆干物質(zhì)積累、根瘤發(fā)育、產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因子造成的損失。分枝期漬害并施肥有利于葉面積、根瘤重、單株粒數(shù)的增加,但干物質(zhì)積累、百粒重及產(chǎn)量均降低。關(guān)鍵詞:大豆;水肥調(diào)控;根瘤;產(chǎn)量中圖分類號:$565
3、.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:ADOI:10.11861/j.issn.1000—9841.2014.03.0398RegulationEfectofWaterandFertilizeronGrowthandYieldinSoybeanunderPotExperimentConditionZHANGLi-jun,SUNXu-gang,WANGChang—ling,YANChun-juan,WANGWen—bin,SONGShu—hong(CropInstituteofLiaoningAcademyofAgiculturalSciences,Shenyang11
4、0161,China)Abstract:Theweighingmethodwasusedtoregulatethewaterinbranchstageofsoybeanintheconditionofpotplantingtounderstandtheeffectofdifferentwatercondition(droughtstress,normalwaterandwaterlogging)andfertilizertreatment(no-fer—tilizerandfertilizer)onthegrowthandyieldofsoybe
5、an.Theresultshowedthattheleafarea,dryweightofroot,stemandleafundertheconditionofW2F1treatment(normalwaterandfertilizer),werehigherthanothertreatments.Theplanthigh.nodulenumberandnoduleweightwerehigherundertheconditionofW3F1(waterloggingandfertilizer)thanothertreatments,W1FO(d
6、roughtstressandnofertilizer)hadthemostofnoduleweightthanothertreatments.Thepodnumberperplant,100一seedweightandyieldundertheconditionofW2F1weremorethanothertreatments,althoughthatW3F1hadthemostnumberofpodperplant.TheW1F0(droughtstressandnofertilizer)hadtheleastyield.Therefore,
7、suitablewaterandfertilizercouldpro—motethegrowthofsoybean.Ahhoughthefertilizercouldinhibitthenodulation,thenthehighyieldcouldget.Ifdroughtstresshappenedinbranchstage,couldinhibitthedroughtmatteraccumulationandnoduledevelopment.Fertilizercouldnotinvertthelostofdroughtstress.Wa
8、terloggingandfertilizertreatmentwasgoodfortheincreasingofleafarea,no