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1、2010年23卷4期西南農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)VDL23No.4SouthwestChinaJournalofAgriculturalSciences1l37文章編號(hào):1001-4829(2o10)o4—1137—05移栽密度與供氨水平對(duì)水稻產(chǎn)量、氮素利用影響樊紅柱,曾祥忠,張冀,呂世華(四川省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066)摘要:探討不同移栽密度和氪素供用水平對(duì)水稻產(chǎn)量、氮素吸收和利用的影響,為水稻生產(chǎn)的科學(xué)施肥提供參考依據(jù)。采用田間試驗(yàn)在3種栽培密度(30cm×30cm、40cm×40cm、50em×50cm)和5個(gè)施氮水平(0、150、225、300、375ks/hm2)條件下
2、研究了水稻產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因子及氮素吸收利用的差異。施用氮肥或增加密度,均可顯著增加水稻產(chǎn)量;當(dāng)施肥過量或密度較高時(shí),產(chǎn)量降低。同一密度下,施氮量增加,水稻單位面積有效穗數(shù)、穗粒數(shù)、子粒、秸稈和總吸氮量先增加后降低;氮素收獲指數(shù)相反;而氮素干物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)效率、氮素稻谷生產(chǎn)效率、氮素農(nóng)學(xué)利用效率、氮素利用效率與氮素偏生產(chǎn)力顯著降低。相同施氪量下,移栽密度變大,單位面積有效穗數(shù)、氮素農(nóng)學(xué)利用效率、氮素利用效率與氮素偏生產(chǎn)力呈增加趨勢(shì);總吸氮量先增加后降低。綜合考慮產(chǎn)量、氮素利用及環(huán)境污染等因素,該地區(qū)水稻生產(chǎn)合理的栽培密度和氮肥施用量分別為40cm×40em和150ks/hm。關(guān)鍵詞:水稻;移栽
3、密度;氮肥;產(chǎn)量;氮素利用率中國(guó)分類號(hào):S143.1;s511文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AEfectsofTransplantingDensityandNitrogenManagementonRiceGrainandNitrogenUtilizationEficiencyFANHong·zhu,ZENGXiang·zhong,ZHANG—Ji,LVShi·hua’(SoilandFertilizerInstitute,SichuanAcademyofAmicultureScience,SiehuanChengdu610066,China)Abstract:Theobjectiveofthisstud
4、ywastoexplorericeyield,Nuptakeandutilizationeficiencyofdiferenttransplantingdensitytoprovideafoundationforscientificallyfertilizer.FieldexperimentswereconductedtostudythevarioustraitsofyieldeomponenmandNuptakeandU—tilizationunderdiferentricetransplantingdensityof30enl×30cm,4Ocm×40cm,and50cm×50em
5、withNapplicationratesof0,150,225,300and375khminpurplesoilofuplandofSichuanprovincein2005.Theresultswereas~Hows.ApplyingNfertilizerorimpro-ringtransplantingdensitysignificantlyincreasedriceyield,butasover-fertilizerordensity,riceyielddecreased.Underthe8&wletransplan—ringdensity,panicle—area,ainpe
6、rpanicle,totalNaccumulation,Nuptakeofgrainandstrawincreased,andthenreduced.AndNhat-vestindexdecreased,andthenincreased.ButNdrymaterproductione~eieney,Ngrainproductioneficiency,Nagronomiceficiency,Nrecoveryeficiency,andNpartialfactorproductivitysignificantlydecreased.UnderthegrilleNrote,hishtrans
7、plantingdensitydecreasedpanicle-area,Nagronomiceficiency,NrecoveryeficiencyandNpartialfactorproductivity.ButtotalNaccumulationofgrainandstrawin·crP~sed,andthendecreased.Comprehensivetheyield,Nutilizationeficiencyandenvironme