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1、第30卷第6期石油鉆采工藝Vol.30No.62008年12月OILDRILLING&PRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGYDec.2008文章編號(hào):1000–7393(2008)06–0093–04致密氣藏壓裂井定向射孔優(yōu)化技術(shù)11122鄧金根郭先敏孫焱戚斌雷煒(1.中國(guó)石油大學(xué),北京102249;2.中國(guó)石化西南油氣分公司,四川德陽(yáng)618000)摘要:目前,致密氣藏壓裂施工普遍存在破裂壓力較高的難題。為了研究和解決這一問(wèn)題,針對(duì)低滲致密砂巖氣藏的特點(diǎn),并結(jié)合川西南致密氣藏壓裂井存在的實(shí)際問(wèn)題,在分析了影響川西南致密氣藏壓裂井壓裂效果的主要因素的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)室內(nèi)大尺寸真三軸模
2、擬實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)和FLAC3D有限差分大型巖土數(shù)值模擬軟件,研究了不同射孔方式和射孔方位、孔密、孔深及孔徑對(duì)裂縫延伸和破裂壓力的影響規(guī)律。根據(jù)室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,對(duì)川西南致密氣藏壓裂井進(jìn)行了射孔優(yōu)化,形成了最大主應(yīng)力方向定向射孔、13~16孔/m中等孔密、大孔徑和深穿透的優(yōu)化射孔思路?,F(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,使用該思路進(jìn)行壓裂施工,能有效地降低地層破裂壓力和提高產(chǎn)能。為致密砂巖氣藏壓裂改造提供了新型有效的技術(shù)手段,促進(jìn)了致密砂巖氣藏高效壓裂技術(shù)的發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞:致密氣藏;破裂壓力;真三軸實(shí)驗(yàn);數(shù)值模擬;定向射孔中圖分類號(hào):TE357.11文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AResearchonorientedp
3、erforationoptimizationtechniqueforfracturingwellsintightgasreservoir11122DENGJingen,GUOXianmin,SUNYan,QIBin,LEIWei(1.ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Beijing102249,China;2.SinopecSouthwestOil&GasFieldBranchCompany,Deyang618000,China)Abstract:Currently,fracturingintightgasreservoirgenerallyexistsahi
4、gherfracturepressurepuzzle.Inordertosettlethisproblem,combinedthecharacteristicoftightgasreservoirwiththepracticalproblemsexistinginfracturedwellinsouthwestSichuan,thewritersanalyzethekeyfactorsinfluencingfracturingeffect.Inaddition,bycarryingoutsimulationexperimentonlargesizeandrealtri-axial
5、equipmentandusingtheFLAC3D?nitedifferencenumericalmodelingsoftware,wealsostudytheeffectrulesofdifferentperforationmodes,azimuths,densities,depthsandsizesonfracturepropagationandfracturepressure.Onthebaseofthelaboratoryexperimentandsimulationresults,weoptimizedtheperforationmethodoffracturingw
6、ellintightgasreservoirofsouthwestSichuanandobtainedaoptimizationthinkingthatorientedperforatingshouldbeinthedirectionofmaximumprincipalstresswithmoderateholedensityof13~16hole/m,largesizeanddeeppenetration.The?eldapplicationresultindicatesthatfracturepressurecouldbeeffectivelyreducedandthepro
7、ductivitybeincreased.Therefore,fortightgasreservoir,orientedperforatingoptimumdesignisapowerfulandfeasibletooltoacceleratethedevelopmentofeffectivefracturingtechnology.Keywords:tightgasreservoir;fracturepressure;realtri-axialtest;numericalsim