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1、第31卷第1期水力發(fā)電學(xué)報(bào)V01.31NO.12012年2月JOURNALOFHYDROELECTRICENGINEERINGFeb.,2012汛限水位優(yōu)化調(diào)度對(duì)三峽水庫(kù)泥沙淤積的影響陳建,李義天,鄧金運(yùn)(1.華北水利水電學(xué)院,鄭州450011;2.武漢大學(xué)水資源與水電工程科學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,武漢430072)摘要:汛限水位優(yōu)化調(diào)度在進(jìn)一步充分發(fā)揮三峽水庫(kù)的綜合效益的同時(shí)必然影響水庫(kù)淤積發(fā)展過程,進(jìn)而影響航運(yùn)狀況。文中運(yùn)用一維及二維非恒定流非均勻沙數(shù)學(xué)模型,計(jì)算分析了汛限水位優(yōu)化調(diào)度對(duì)三峽水庫(kù)泥沙淤積及航運(yùn)的影響,結(jié)果表明,采用汛限水位優(yōu)化調(diào)度方案后,三峽水庫(kù)的
2、淤積發(fā)展過程將加快,但是,在三峽水庫(kù)運(yùn)行的前100年內(nèi),這種淤積差別并不大。優(yōu)化調(diào)度對(duì)各個(gè)河段淤積的影響程度不同,從絕對(duì)量來說,水庫(kù)下段受優(yōu)化調(diào)度影響最大,一度出現(xiàn)的淤積量差別是最大的;從相對(duì)量來說,水庫(kù)變動(dòng)回水區(qū)下段及常年回水區(qū)上段受優(yōu)化調(diào)度的影響要明顯大于下段。從變動(dòng)回水區(qū)航運(yùn)情況看,優(yōu)化調(diào)度對(duì)銅鑼?shí){以下河段航運(yùn)的影響不大,對(duì)銅鑼?shí){以上河段,由于受上游水庫(kù)修建及來水來沙減少造成的沖刷的影響,優(yōu)化調(diào)度的影響也并不明顯。關(guān)鍵詞:河流泥沙工程學(xué);汛限水位優(yōu)化調(diào)度;泥沙淤積;航運(yùn);三峽水庫(kù)中圖分類號(hào):TV145文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AInfluenceondeposition
3、inThreeGorgesreservoircausedbyregulationoptimizationofflood-controlledwaterlevelCHENJian一,LIYitian。DENGJinyun,(1.NorthChinaUniversityofWaterConservancyandHydroelectricPower,Zhengzhou450011;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringSciences,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan43007
4、2)Abstract:Regulationoptimizationofflood-controlledwaterlevelfortheThreeGorgesreservoircanimprovemuchtheoverallbenefit,butitmayalsocauseanincreaseinsedimentdepositionandanunfavorablechangeinnavigationconditions.Thispaperstudiestheseinfluenceswithaone—dimensionalsedimentmathematicalmo
5、delandatwo—dimensionalsedimentmathematicalmode1.Thisstudyshowsthatthereservoirdepositionwilldevelopfaster,whilethedifferenceindepositionrateundertheinfluencesislittleduringthefirst100yearsofreservoiroperation.Indifferentriverreachessimulated,theinfluencesondepositionvolumearedifferen
6、t,inabsolutequantitythevolumechangesinthedownstreamreachesarethegreatest,andinrelativequantitythechangeintheregiondownstreamtothebackwaterzoneisthegreatest.Inthebackwaterzone,theinfluenceonnavigationdownstreamtoTongluoxiaislittle,andevenupstreamtothisstation,theinfluenceisactuallynot
7、significantbecauseofthestrongerosioneffectcausedbyimpoundmentofthereservoirsupstreamandbyandecreaseinsedimentinflow.Keywords:riversedimentationengineering;regulationoptimizationofflood—controlledwaterlevel;sedimentdeposition;navigation;ThreeGorgesreservoirO序言三峽水庫(kù)是長(zhǎng)江上的大型水利工程,其調(diào)度方式的優(yōu)化直
8、接關(guān)系到水庫(kù)綜合效益的發(fā)