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1、第33卷第3期巖土力學Vlol-33No.32012年3月RockandSoi1MechanicsMar.2012文章編號:1000-7598(2012】03—0835一O6基于功效系數(shù)法的泥石流災害預警研究孟凡奇一,李廣杰1t王慶兵2秦勝伍,趙海卿。,金鑫1,4(1.吉林大學建設工程學院,長春130026:2.【東省地質環(huán)境監(jiān)測總站,濟南2500143.沈陽地質礦產研究所,沈陽110033;4遼寧省地質環(huán)境監(jiān)測總站,沈陽l10033)摘要:泥石流災害破壞力巨大,預測預報泥石流發(fā)生的可能性是防災減災的重要手段,也是國內外學者研究的熱點?;诠π禂?shù)法原理,在綜合分析泥石流災害發(fā)生的氣象
2、、地質環(huán)境影響因素的基礎上,選取了山坡坡度、相對高差、植被覆蓋率、沿溝松散物儲量、5d累計降雨量、最大小時雨強和當日雨量為評價因子,采用改進后的層次分析法計算評價因子的權重系數(shù),建立了泥石流預測預警模型。以岫巖地區(qū)泥石流為例對預警模型進行檢驗,預測結果較好地反映了實際情況。表明基于功效系數(shù)法的泥石流預測預警模型具備較高的可靠性和實用性,研究結果為泥石流預測預警提供了一種新的思路和方法。關鍵詞:泥石流;功效系數(shù)法;改進層次分析法;預警模型中圖分類號:Tv144文獻標識碼:AResearchonearlywarningofdebrisflowbasedoneficacycoeficient
3、methodMENGFan—qi一,LIGuang-jie,WANGQing.bing,QrNSheng.Wu,ZHAOHai.qing,JINXin,(1.ColegeofConstructionEngineering,JilinUniversity,Changchun130026,China;2.ShandongMonitoringCenterofGeologicalEnvironment,Jinan250014,China;3.ShenyangInstituteofGeologyandMineralResources,Shenyang110033,China;4.Liaoning
4、MonitoringCenterofGeologicalEnvironment,Shenyang110033,China)Abstract:Forgreatdestructivedebrisflow,predictingthelikelihoodofitsearlywarningisanimportantmeansofdisasterpreventionandmitigation,aswellasscholarsfocusonthekeyissues.Basedontheprincipleofeficacycoeficientmethod,analyzingthemeteorologi
5、calandgeologicalenvironmentalfactorssynthetically;evaluationfactorssuchashillslope,relativeheight,vegetationcover,alongthegrooveloosematerialreserves,5dcumulativerainfall,maximumrainfallintensityperhour,andintradayrainfallareselected.Usingtheimprovedanalytichierarchyprocesstocalculatetheweightco
6、eficientsofevaluationfactors,aearlywarningofdebrisflowpredictionmodelisestablished.TakinganearlywarningofdebrisflowinXiuyanforexample,themodelistestedtopredicttheresultswhichreflecttheactualsituationbetter.Thedebrisflowearlywarningmodelhashigherreliabilityandpracticability,anditcanprovidenewidea
7、sandmethodsforearlywarningofdebrisflowprediction.Keywords:debrisflow;eficacycoeficientmethod;improvedanalytichierarchyprocess;earlywarningmodel測預警是防災減災的關鍵課題,不僅具有重要的學1引言術意義,更具有重大的社會意義。泥石流是一種常見的山區(qū)地質災害,由降水引對于泥石流預測預警的研究由來已久,國內外發(fā)