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1、中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)2015,35(5):1429-1435ChinaEnvironmentalScience超聲空化及絮體破碎過程的模擬與試驗(yàn)分析郭璇,楊艷玲,李星,周志偉,馬長(zhǎng)紅,張洋(北京工業(yè)大學(xué),北京市水質(zhì)科學(xué)與水環(huán)境恢復(fù)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京100124)摘要:為探究利于空化效應(yīng)的超聲條件及超聲波破碎絮體機(jī)理,基于Matlab平臺(tái)建立空化氣泡模型及2種簡(jiǎn)化的有限擴(kuò)散聚集(DLA)絮體破碎模型,進(jìn)行計(jì)算機(jī)仿真,并通過試驗(yàn)分析得到實(shí)際絮體破碎模式.結(jié)果表明:隨著超聲頻率的增加,空化效應(yīng)減弱;聲能密度的增加導(dǎo)致空化氣泡振幅增大,聲能密度為7W/mL時(shí)氣泡振幅可達(dá)初始半徑的200
2、倍,空化效果較好.低聲能密(O.O3~3W/mL)和低超聲頻率(25--40kHz)處理絮體時(shí),剝蝕作用為主導(dǎo)作用,超聲后絮體粒徑減小,分形維數(shù)增大;聲能密度超過3W/mL或頻率大于40kHz,大規(guī)模破碎占主導(dǎo)作用,實(shí)際絮體粒徑減幅小且結(jié)構(gòu)散.40kHz的超聲頻率更利于絮體的破碎,作用10min后,絮體粒徑減幅達(dá)9.8%,分形維數(shù)為1.394,結(jié)構(gòu)更加密實(shí).關(guān)鍵詞:超聲;空化效應(yīng);數(shù)值模擬;有限擴(kuò)散聚集:絮體破碎中圖分類號(hào):X703,TU991.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1000—6923(2015)05-1429—07SimulationofuRrasoundcavit
3、ationbubb~andnumerical/experimentalanalysisofllocsbreakageprocess.GUOXuan,YANGYan-ling。,LIXing,ZHOUZhi-wei,MAChang-hong,ZHANGYang(CollegeofArchitectureandCivilEngineering,BeijingUniversivyofTechnology,Beijing100124,China).ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2015,35(5):1429-1435Abstract:Inordertoexp
4、lorethesonicationconditionfortheidealcavitationefectandtofindoutthebreakagemechanismoffloesexposedtoultrasound,amodelofcavitationalbubbleandtwosortsofsimplifiedmodelsofdiffusion-limitedaggregation(DLA)flocbreakagewereestablishedandsimulatedbasedonMatlab.Thepracticalfloesbreakagepatternswe
5、reverifiedthroughexperimentalanalysis.Theresultsindicatedthatthecavitationefectdecreasedastheultrasonicfrequencyincreased.Theincreaseofultrasonicdensityledtotheincrescentamplitudeofcavitationbubble,whenthesonicationdensitywas7W/mL,theradiusofcavitationbubblesCanbeenlargedto200timeslongera
6、ndthecavitationefectwasfairlygood.Whenthefloesweretreatedatlowenergydensity(0.03-3W/mL)andlowfrequency(25-40kHz)ultrasonication,surfaceerosiondominatedthebreakageefect,whichwasreflectedbydecreasedradiusandincreasedfractaldimensionofflocs.Whentheenergydensityexceeds3W/mLorthefrequencysurpa
7、sses40kHz,thelargescalefragmentationwasthemainmechanism,leadingtothesmallerfloessizeandlooserstructures.Thesonicationofthefrequencyof40kHzismorebeneficialtofiocsbreakage,withtheexperimentalresultthat10minutes’ultrasonicationCanleadtoadinimutioinrateof9.8%oftheradius