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1、浙江海洋學院畢業(yè)設計英文翻譯ChilledWaterSystems[1]節(jié)選自JamesB.Bradfordetal.“HVACEquipmentandSystems”.HandbookofHeating,Ventilation,andAir-Conditioning.Ed.JanF.Kreider.BocaRaton,CRCPressLLC.2001Chilledwatersystemswereusedinlessthan4%ofcommercialbuildingsintheU.S.in1995.However,becausechillers
2、areusuallyinstalledinlargerbuildings,chillerscooledover28%oftheU.S.commercialbuildingfloorspacethatsameyear(DOE,1998).Fivetypesofchillersarecommonlyappliedtocommercialbuildings:reciprocating,screw,scroll,centrifugal,andabsorption.Thefirstfourutilizethevaporcompressioncycletop
3、roducechilledwater.Theydifferprimarilyinthetypeofcompressorused.Absorptionchillersutilizethermalenergy(typicallysteamorcombustionsource)inanabsorptioncyclewitheitheranammonia-waterorwater-lithiumbromidesolutiontoproducechilledwater.OverallSystemFigure4.2.2showsasimplerepresen
4、tationofadualchillerapplicationwithallthemajorauxiliaryequipment.Anestimated86%ofchillersareappliedinmultiplechillerarrangementslikethatshowninthefigure(BitondoandTozzi,1999).Inchilledwatersystems,returnwaterfromthebuildingiscirculatedthrougheachchillerevaporatorwhereitiscool
5、edtoanacceptabletemperature(typically4to7°C)(39to45°F).Thechilledwateristhendistributedtowater-to-airheatexchangersspreadthroughoutthefacility.Intheseheatexchangers,airiscooledanddehumidifiedbythecoldwater.Duringtheprocess,thechilledwaterincreasesintemperatureandmustbereturne
6、dtothechiller(s).ThechillersshowninFigure4.2.2arewater-cooledchillers.Wateriscirculatedthroughthecondenserofeachchillerwhereitabsorbsheatenergyrejectedfromthehighpressurerefrigerant.Thewateristhenpumpedtoacoolingtowerwherethewateriscooledthroughanevaporationprocess.Coolingtow
7、ersaredescribedinalatersection.Chillerscanalsobeaircooled.Inthisconfiguration,thecondenserwouldbearefrigerant-to-airheatexchangerwithairabsorbingtheheatenergyrejectedbythehighpressurerefrigerant.Chillersnominallyrangeincapacitiesfrom30to18,000kW(8to5100ton).Mostchillerssoldin
8、theU.S.areelectricandutilizevaporcompressionrefrigerationtoproducech
