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1、第35卷第3期噪聲與振動控制Vbl35NO.32015年6月NOISEANDVIBR姐’10NCONTRoLJun.2O15文章編號:1006.1355(2015)03.0177.04離心壓縮機轉(zhuǎn)子密封碰磨故障的振動特征及診斷徐朝蓉,徐自力,邱恒斌,趙宇(1.西安交通大學能源與動力工程學院,西安710049;2.西安交通大學航天航空學院/機械結(jié)構(gòu)強度與振動國家重點實驗室,西安710049)摘要:某離心壓縮機試運轉(zhuǎn)階段,在工作轉(zhuǎn)速下出現(xiàn)振動爬升,導(dǎo)致軸振過大,引起機組打閘停機。為消除機組故障,對啟動過程和工作轉(zhuǎn)速下的軸振進行了測試。根據(jù)軸振變化趨勢及對不同轉(zhuǎn)速和不同時刻的振動時域
2、和頻域特征分析,判明該轉(zhuǎn)子故障是由轉(zhuǎn)子和密封碰磨造成的。為驗證故障原因,取出隔板密封和輪蓋密封,使轉(zhuǎn)子無法產(chǎn)生密封碰磨,此狀態(tài)下機組運轉(zhuǎn)良好,說明查找的故障原因正確。調(diào)整機組密封間隙后,轉(zhuǎn)子故障消除,機組運轉(zhuǎn)良好。關(guān)鍵詞:振動與波;轉(zhuǎn)子;碰磨;密封;故障診斷中圖分類號:TH452文獻標識碼:ADOI編碼:10.39690.issn.1006.1335.2015.03.038VibrationCharacteristicsandDiagnosisoftheImpact-rubbingFaultbetweenRotorandSealforaCentrifugalCompressor
3、xuZhao—rong,XUZi—li2UHeng-bin2ZHA0(1.SchoolofEnergyandPowerEngineering,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi'an710049,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryforStrengthandⅥbrationofMechanicalStructures.SchoolofAerospace,Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an710049,China)Abstract:Duringthetrialoperationstageofacentrifugalcom
4、presso~theshaftvibrationkeptincreasingwhenthecompressorwasoperatingatthenormalworkingspeed,whichwouldcausethepowersupplyshut-downduetotheoverlargevibration.Inordertoeliminatethefaultsinthecompressorunit,theshaftvibrationsinstartingprocessandoperationatthenormalworkingspeedweremeasured.Throug
5、htheanalysisofthevariationtrendandthecharacteristicsoftheshaftvibrationintimedomainandfrequencyspectrumatdiferentrotatingspeedanddiferenttime,itwasconcludedthattherotorfaultwasduetotheimpact-rubbingbetweentherotorandtheseal。Inordertoverifythefaultreason,thediaphragmsealandimpellersealwererem
6、ovedSOthattheimpact-rubbingbetweentherotorandthesealWaSavoided.Theunitwasfoundtooperatewellinthisstate.Thistestprocessshowsthatthefaultreasonispertinent.AfterthesealgapWaSadjusted,thevibrationfaultoftheunitdisappeared.Keywords:vibrationandwave;rotor;impact—rubbing;seal;faultdiagnosis離心壓縮機廣泛應(yīng)
7、用于石油、化工、冶金等領(lǐng)種摩擦不僅在機組起停過程中會發(fā)生,在空負荷和域,在國民經(jīng)濟中占重要地位。為提高機組性能和帶負荷的情況下也會發(fā)生。摩擦嚴重時,可能導(dǎo)致效率,轉(zhuǎn)子與靜止部件間的間隙越來越小,使得動靜大軸彎曲事故。間發(fā)生摩擦的可能性增大。因此,設(shè)計不周或安裝、多年來,轉(zhuǎn)子與定子的碰磨問題已經(jīng)引起研究檢修過程中稍有不慎就可能發(fā)生動靜碰磨。這者的廣泛關(guān)注”1】,文獻[4】對20世紀90年代以前轉(zhuǎn)子定子碰磨的研究成果進行了一個系統(tǒng)總結(jié)。文獻收稿日期:2015-01-05【5】研究了特定系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對