資源描述:
《長(zhǎng)期施磷稻田土壤磷素累積及其潛在環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)-論文.pdf》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫(kù)。
1、中國(guó)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)2013年4月第21卷第4期ChineseJournalofEco-Agriculture,Apr.2013,21(4):393—400DoI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2013.00393長(zhǎng)期施磷稻田土壤磷素累積及其潛在環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)木顏曉,2王德建張剛薄錄吉,2彭小蘭,2(1.中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京土壤研究所南京210008;2.中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)北京100049)摘要應(yīng)用常規(guī)化學(xué)分析法和數(shù)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,基于太湖地區(qū)13年的長(zhǎng)期定位試驗(yàn),研究長(zhǎng)期不同施磷水平下[0(不施磷)、30kg·hm-2.a(chǎn)(低磷)、60kg·hm-2.
2、a(適磷)、90kg·hm-2.a(chǎn)(高磷)】稻麥輪作系統(tǒng)稻田土壤磷素累積規(guī)律及磷素流失引發(fā)的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在本試驗(yàn)區(qū)土壤環(huán)境條件下,可能發(fā)生稻田磷素淋溶及徑流的土壤耕層(0-15cm)Olsen—P臨界值分別為26.0mg·kg和24.8mg·kg一。連續(xù)13年適磷、高磷施肥,土壤耕層Olsen.P含量分別達(dá)到26.9mg·kg和33.2mg·kg~,均高于臨界值濃度,且已導(dǎo)致稻田田面水與30cm滲漏水中總磷濃度顯著升高,大大提高了稻田磷素淋溶及徑流的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。低磷施肥土壤Olsen.P長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定在O0.14-2.0)mg·kg-水平,并且每年的
3、稻麥產(chǎn)量與高磷、適磷處理相比并無(wú)顯著差異,而長(zhǎng)期低磷施肥土壤磷的流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也較小。因此,在太湖地區(qū)稻麥輪作體系下,磷肥不宜以常規(guī)適磷水平長(zhǎng)期施用,建議以低磷水平(30kg·hm-/.a(chǎn))長(zhǎng)期施用或以適磷水平(60kg·hm-2.a(chǎn)1間歇式施用。關(guān)鍵詞稻麥輪作系統(tǒng)施磷磷素累積Olsen.P環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)耕層土壤田面水滲漏水中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):S153.5:X592文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):l671.3990(2013)04.0393.08Soilphosphorousaccumulationinlong—termPfertilizationpaddyfie
4、ldanditsenvironmentaleffectsYANXiao,WANGDe.Jian,ZHANGGang,BOLu—Ji,PENGXiao.Lan'(1.InstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China)AbstractThecontinuousandexcessiveapplicationofphosphorus(P)fer
5、tilizersandmanureinintensiveagriculturalsystemshaveledtosoilPaccumulationandprogressivesaturationofsoilsorptioncapacity.ThishassignificantlyinfluencedsoilPlossandPaccumulationinaquaticecosystems.TheTaihuLakeRegionoftheYangtseRiverDeltahasfordecadesbeenahighlyintensiveagr
6、iculturalproductionzoneinChina.Here,applicationsofchemicalfertilizersandfarmyardmanurehavebeenaneffectivemethodofimprovingsoilfertilityandproductivity.Long—termapplicationsoffertilizersand/ormanure,ofteninexcessofimmediateplantuptake,haveresultedinsignificantPaccumulatio
7、nandlossinthisregion.ThishasconsiderablyincreasedthepotentialforeutrophicationintheTaihuLake.Thechange-pointtheory(withasoilOlsen—PcontentthresholdabovewhichthepotentialforsignificantPlossfromsoilstowatersystemsoccurred)hasbeenconsideredtobescientificandusefulinPmanageme
8、ntinagriculturalsoils.Uptodate,however,therehasbeenlessreportwithrespecttotheOlsen—Pchange—pointtheoryf