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1、第48卷第2期Jou浙rnalof江Zhejia大ngUn學iversit學y(En報gine(er工ing學S版cie)nce)Vo1.48NO.22014年2月Feb.2O14DOI:10.3785/j.issn.1008—973X.2014.02.005氣浮無摩擦氣缸及氣浮特性仿真朱曉,陶國良,劉昊,孟德遠,班偉,錢鵬飛(浙江大學流體動力與機電系統(tǒng)國家重點實驗室,浙江杭州310027)摘要:為了滿足氣動系統(tǒng)中高精度伺服控制對低摩擦氣缸的需求,提出一種利用靜壓氣體軸承作為活塞的新型無摩擦氣缸.針對軸承耗氣量及徑向承載能力難以準確建模的問題,構建一種基于有限元數(shù)值求
2、解方法的軸承氣膜壓力計算方法.利用該方法,分析軸承的結構參數(shù)及時變的環(huán)境參數(shù)對軸承氣浮特性的影響.結果表明,在節(jié)流孑L末端引入均壓腔能夠顯著增加了軸承的徑向承載能力,消除氣膜中節(jié)流孔附近的壓力尖峰,使軸承穩(wěn)定性增強;供氣壓力、徑向載荷和偏心率等時變參數(shù)對氣浮特性的綜合影響增加了簡化活塞泄漏模型的困難.為了后續(xù)對氣缸進行控制,根據氣浮特性仿真結果,提出一種基于特定徑向負載假設下的泄漏量模型簡化方法.關鍵詞:無摩擦氣缸;氣體軸承;有限單元法;氣浮特性中圖分類號:TH138文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1008—973X(2014)02—2l4一O7Non。Ifrictionpn
3、eumaticcylinderandsimulationoftheflotationcharacteristicsofthebearingZHUXiao,TAOGuo—liang,LIUHao,MENGDe—yuan,BANWei,QIANPeng—fei(StateKeyLaboratoryofFluidPowerTransmissionandControl,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310027,China)Abstract:Anewnon—frictionpneumaticcylinderwithanaerostaticbearing
4、asitspistonwasproposedtosatisfythedemandoflow—frictioncylinderinhigh-precisionpneumaticservosystems.Theworkingcharacteristicsofthebearing(WCOB),radialloadcarryingcapacity(RLCC)andairconsumption,aredifficulttobemodeledaccurately.Inviewofthis,themathematicalmodelofthepressuredistributiono
5、ftheairfilmwasestablished。anumerica1solutionmethodofthismodelbasedonfiniteelementmethod(FEM)wasconstructed,theinfluenceofthebearingSstructuralparametersandtime—varyingparameterstotheworkingcharacteristicsofthebearingwerestudied.Thesimulationresultsshowthatintroducingarecesschambertothee
6、ndoftheorificeholecanincreasetheRICCsignificantlyandsmooththepressuredistributionaroundtheorificeintheairfilm,asaresultofwhichthebearingwil1workmorestable;thetime—varyingparameters,suchassupplyingpressure,radialloadactingonthebearingandeccentricityofthepiston,makeacombinedeffectontheWCO
7、B,whichbringmoredifficultiestothemodelsimplification.Inviewofthis,asolutionbasedontheassumptionthattheradialloadactingonthepistonliesbetweensomeparticularworkingpointswasproposedinthispapertosimplifythemodelingoftheleakage.Keywords:non—frictioncylinder;airbearing;finiteelementm