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1、語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)------賓語(yǔ)從句一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念賓語(yǔ)從句屬于名詞性從句,在句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素:連接詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序(一)連接詞1.連詞that引導(dǎo):作從句的原句是陳述句。Ihear_____Englishisnoteasy.2.if/whether“是否”,用它引導(dǎo)從句,說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。原句為一般疑問(wèn)句,選擇疑問(wèn)句或反
2、意疑問(wèn)句。Couldyoutellmeif(whether)MissBrownlivesinthathouse?3.當(dāng)從句原本是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),用以下連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo):what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,how,why,howfar,howlong,howmany,howmuch,howoften…作用:連接主句和從句,并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分,具有一定的意義。eg:Ididn’thear____hewantedmetodo.Iwanttoknow____isthatyoungman.Tomaskedu
3、s____wewouldstarttheparty.(二)語(yǔ)序:陳述句語(yǔ)序(三)時(shí)態(tài):主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)。主句用過(guò)去時(shí),從句用與過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即:主句+連接詞+從句(主+謂+其他成分)Doyoustillremember_________(他說(shuō)的什么)?特殊情況:1.從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí),任用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebook
4、shopis.2.從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前,仍然用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.三、賓語(yǔ)從句注意事項(xiàng)(一)當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí),語(yǔ)序不變:What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?(二)只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面:I’mthinkingofwhetherwesh
5、ouldgofishing.Wedidn’tthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式前:Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.3.當(dāng)與ornot連用,或提出兩種選擇時(shí):Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí):Whetherthisistrueo
6、rnot,Ican’tsay.5.在動(dòng)詞discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句或位于句首的主語(yǔ)從句用whether:Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.(三)用if不用whether的情況:1.引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí):HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishmyhomework.2.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,if意
7、為“如果”時(shí):We’llgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.四、賓語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句1.當(dāng)主從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí):1)Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.2)Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirttobuy.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)含有雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí),如果間賓與從句(直賓)中的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí):1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepolicestation?Canyo
8、utellmehowtogettothepolicestation?2)PleaseshowmehowIshouldstarttherecorder.Pleases