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1、重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)中美雙邊貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)分析GraduationDesign(Thesis)ofChongqingUniversityAnalysisofSino-USBilateralTradeStructureUndergraduate:LiangChenSupervisor:Prof.WenzhengweiMajor:theinternationaleconomyandtradeSchoolofPublicAffairsChongqingUniversityJune2013重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)中文摘要摘要自2001年,中國
2、加入世界貿(mào)易組織以來,中美之間的商品貿(mào)易就在不斷上升,雙邊合作關(guān)系亦在不斷加強(qiáng)。研究中美商品貿(mào)易的結(jié)構(gòu),找出其特征與產(chǎn)生特征的種種原因具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。在中美雙邊貿(mào)易中,雙方的進(jìn)出口數(shù)額都非常大,但是,中國卻處于嚴(yán)重出超地位。一方面,中美之間的差額主要出現(xiàn)在SITC6、SITC7、SITC8三類商品上,這三類商品多屬于勞動密集型產(chǎn)品。同時(shí),中美之間的G-L指數(shù)相對較低,說明中美雙邊貿(mào)易術(shù)語產(chǎn)業(yè)間貿(mào)易,互補(bǔ)性強(qiáng),這更加反映出兩國在進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易中所具有的不同的比較優(yōu)勢——中國屬于“勞動充裕”國家,美國屬于“資本充裕”國家。追根究底,中國與美國在經(jīng)濟(jì)內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)
3、上存在巨大差異,中國主打勞動密集型產(chǎn)品,仍處于國際分工下游,美國主打資本密集型產(chǎn)品,屬國際分工上游。中國應(yīng)該著手對經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整,發(fā)展自主品牌、核心技術(shù),努力向上游進(jìn)發(fā)。關(guān)鍵詞:中美,商品貿(mào)易,結(jié)構(gòu),特征,原因I重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)ABSTRACTABSTRACTSince2001,China'saccessiontoWTO,Sino-UStradeingoodsisincreasinglyrisingandtherelationshipbetweenthetwocountriesisbecomemoreandmoreinsepa
4、rable.ItisveryworthwhileandimportanttostudythestructureofSino-USmerchandisetradeandtofindtheuncharacteristicandthereasonsforthestructure.InbilateralSino-USmerchandisetrade,thetwosidesbothhaveaverylargeamountofimportandexport,however,Chinaisataserioussurplusposition.Ontheonehan
5、d,themerchandisetradeofdifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesaremainlyinSITC6,SITC7,SITC8,whichthatthethreecommoditiesaremostlylabor-intensiveproducts.Ontheotherhand,theG-LindexofSino-USmerchandisetradeisprettysmall,indicatingthatthelevelofinter-industrytradeinthisbilateral
6、tradeisverylowandthetradebetweenthetwocountryishighlycomplementary.ItisobvioustofindoutthatChinaandtheUnitedStateshasdifferentcomparativeadvantages——Chinaisthe"abundantlabor"country,theUnitedStatesisthe"well-capitalized"country.Chinaisgoodatmanufacturinglabor-intensiveproducts
7、,whiletheUnitedStatesisprettygoodatproducingcapital-intensiveproducts.So,Chinaisstillatthedownstreamoftheinternationaldivision,andtobreakthisdifficultposition,thegovernmentshouldadjustthecountry’sinnereconomystructure.Keywords:Sino-US,merchandisetrade,structure,characteristic,
8、causesII重慶大學(xué)本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)目錄目錄中文摘要IABSTRACTII1緒論41.1研究的意義與目的41.