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1、第二章熱化學(xué)一判斷題1.氣體的標準狀況與物質(zhì)的標準態(tài)是同一含義。..............................................()2.在恒溫恒壓下,某化學(xué)反應(yīng)的熱效應(yīng)Qp=△H=H2-H1,因為H是狀態(tài)函數(shù),故Qp也是狀態(tài)函數(shù)。............................................................................................................()3.系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)一定,狀態(tài)函數(shù)就有確定的值。....................................
2、.................()4.在恒溫恒壓條件下,反應(yīng)熱只取決于反應(yīng)的始態(tài)和終態(tài),而與過程的途徑無關(guān)。...................................................................................................................()5.功和熱是系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境間能量傳遞的兩種形式。.................................................()6.氣體膨脹或被壓縮所做的體積功是狀態(tài)函數(shù)。...........................
3、....................()7.由環(huán)境中吸收熱量,系統(tǒng)的熱力學(xué)能增加。.....................................................()8.環(huán)境對系統(tǒng)做功,系統(tǒng)的熱力學(xué)能增加。..........................................................()9.系統(tǒng)的焓等于系統(tǒng)的熱量。........................................................................................()10.系統(tǒng)的焓等于恒壓反應(yīng)
4、熱。........................................................................................()11.系統(tǒng)的焓變等于恒壓反應(yīng)熱。................................................................................()12.反應(yīng)的熱效應(yīng)就是該反應(yīng)的焓變。.........................................................................()13.由于CaCO3的分
5、解是吸熱的,故它的生成焓為負值。................................()14.298K時反應(yīng)Na(s)+Cl2(g)→NaCl(s)的△rH=-411.1kJ·mol-1,即該溫度下NaCl(s)的標準摩爾生成焓為-411.1kJ·mol-1。............................................................................................()15.298.15K時由于Na+(g)+Cl-(g)→NaCl(s)的△rH=-770.8kJ·mol-1,則NaCl(s)的標準
6、摩爾生成焓是-770.8kJ·mol-1。...........................................................................................()16.298K時,反應(yīng)CO(g)+Cl2(g)→COCl2(g)的△rH=-108kJ·mol-1,則△rH(COCl2,g)=-108kJ·mol-1。..................................................()17.所有氣體單質(zhì)的標準摩爾生成焓都為零。...............................
7、...........................()18.△fH(Br2,g)=0kJ·mol-1。................................................................................................()19.298K時石墨的標準摩爾生成焓為零。..........................................................