資源描述：
《化學纖維(纖維素―纖維粘膠)課件.ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、BasicknowledgeforTextile紡織基礎知識TextileTechnicalTraining紡織技術培訓PreparedBy:LastAmended:JulietzhuqinyanVersion:1.010July.06Chemicalfiber–CellulosefiberRayon&Viscose化學纖維－纖維素纖維粘膠1Introduction介紹Cellulosefiberismadefromwoodpulp,anaturally-occurring,cellulose-
2、basedrawmaterial.Asaresult,It‘spropertiesaremoresimilartocottonorlinen.Viscosewasthefirstmanufacturedfiber.纖維素纖維的原材料取自于木漿，天然聚合物或含有纖維素的物質(zhì)。因此，具有與棉、麻相似的特性。粘膠是最早的人造纖維。CellulosicClassificationChart分類表Althoughrayonismadefromwoodpulp,arelativelyinexpensivea
3、ndrenewableresource,processingrequireshighwaterandenergyuse,andhascontributedtoairandwaterpollution.Nowtherearemostoftheviscosecompaniesindevelopingcountry.由于粘膠取自于木漿，原材料是價格相對便宜的可利用資源。但是在生產(chǎn)過程中消耗大量的能源，污染空氣和水。因此，現(xiàn)在大部分粘膠生產(chǎn)工廠已轉(zhuǎn)移到發(fā)展中國家。2Appearance&Structur
4、e外觀&結(jié)構(gòu)ThestructureoftheViscosefiberisgenerallysmoothandinelastic.Butthecrosssectionisirregular.普通粘膠外觀縱向平滑，無彈性，橫截面呈鋸齒狀。Differentprocesses,additivesandfinishingtechniquescanvarythephysicalappearanceandstructureofthefiber.由于生產(chǎn)工藝、添加物、后處理技術的不同，粘膠纖維可以有不同的形
5、態(tài)和結(jié)構(gòu)。eg1:Jetspunviscoseyarn粘膠氣流紗eg2:Spunviscosefiber粘膠短纖維3Process生產(chǎn)工藝Thecelluloseisgroundupandreactedwithcausticsoda.Afterawaitingperiod,theripeningprocessduringwhichdepolymerisationoccurs,carbondisulphideisadded.Thisformsayellowcrumbknownascellulose
6、xanthate,whichiseasilydissolvedinmorecausticsodatogiveaviscousyellowsolution.纖維素與堿反應生成堿纖維素，與二硫化碳反應生成纖維素黃酸酯，而纖維素黃酸酯溶于稀堿溶液，制成黃色粘膠溶液。Thissolutionispumpedthroughaspinneret,whichmaycontainthousandsofholes,intoadilutesulphuricacidbathwherethecelluloseisreg
7、eneratedasfinefilamentsasthexanthatedecomposes.粘膠溶液從噴絲頭噴到酸液中，稀硫酸使纖維素黃酸酯分解并與堿中和，使粘膠凝固。3Process生產(chǎn)工藝HighWetModulus(HWM)rayonisamodifiedviscosethathasvirtuallythesamepropertiesasregularrayon,plushighwetstrength.HWMrayonperformmuchlikecottoninsimilarendus
8、es.HWMrayoncanalsobemercerized,likecotton,forincreasedstrengthandluster.ThetermsfrequentlyusedtodescribeHWMrayoninapparelinclude"polynosic"rayonorthetradenameMODALTM.高濕模量纖維是一種改良粘膠，除了具有普通粘膠相同性質(zhì)外還具有較高的濕強。與棉纖維具有相似的最終用途?？梢酝ㄟ^絲光處理以增加強力和光澤。一般叫“富強纖維”或商標名“莫代爾
