資源描述：
《美國能源類型與應用規(guī)劃解析課件.ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關內容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、EnergyResourcesChapter10EnergyResourcesSupplementingfreesolarenergy99%ofheatcomesfromthesunWithoutthesun,theearthwouldbe–2400C(-4000F)Wesupplementtheother1%withprimarilynon-renewableenergysourcesEnergyResourcesRenewable(16%)SolarWindFalling,flowingwaterBiomassNo
2、n-renewable(84%)OilNaturalgasCoalNuclearpowerEnergysourcesandusesEnergyusesindevelopedcountriesindustrialdomestictransportationNote:Electricityisnotanenergysource,convertedfromanothersource(coal,hydro,nuclear,etc.).1stLawofThermodynamics-Youcan’tgetmoreenergyout
3、ofsomethingthanyouputin2ondLaw–Inanyconversionofheatenergytousefulwork,someenergyisalwaysdegradedtoalowerqualityenergyEvaluatingEnergyResourcesRenewableFutureavailabilityNetenergyyieldIttakesenergytogetenergyHabitatdegradationCost(initialandongoing)Communitydisr
4、uptionPoliticalorinternationalissuesSuitabilityindifferentlocationsPolluting(air,water,noise,visual)EachtypeofpowerprojectneedstobeevaluatedforthebenefitsandcostsTheenvironmentalcostsofhydroelectricityaremuchdifferentthanwindpower,forexampleImportantNonrenewable
5、EnergySourcesNorthAmericanEnergyResourcesAverageAmericanusesinonedaywhatapersoninthepoorestcountriesuseinoneyearUShasonly2.4%ofworld’soilreservesOILandNATURALGASAccumulationsofdeadmarineorganismsontheoceanfloorwerecoveredbysediments.Muddyrockgraduallyformedrock(
6、shale)containingdispersedoil.Sandstoneformedontopofshale,thusoilpoolsbegantoform.Naturalgasoftenformsontopofoil.PrimarycomponentofnaturalgasismethaneOilPetroleum(crudeoil)Costs:RecoveryRefiningTransportingEnvironmentalHighestrisksareintransportationRefiningyield
7、smanyproductsAsphaltHeatingoilDieselPetrochemicalsGasoline…BasedonboilingpointsConventionalOilAdvantagesRelativelylowcostHighnetenergyyieldEfficientdistributionsystemDisadvantagesRunningout42-93yearsLowpricesencouragewasteAirpollutionandgreenhousegasesWaterpollu
8、tionArcticNationalWildlifeRefugeControversy:Trade-offsWouldcreatejobsOilresourcesareuncertainUSsupply7-24monthsUncertainenvironmentalimpactsOilShaleandTarSandsTarSand
