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1、1、TheColonialPeriod（1607-1765）AmericanPuritanism(intheearly17thcenturythroughtheendofthe18th)北美第一位女詩人AnneBradstreet(宗教氣息，夫妻恩愛)EdwardTaylor都受英國玄學(xué)派影響（metaphysical）2、TheEnlightenmentandRevolutionPeriodBenjaminFranklin:PoorRichard'sAlmanacTheAutobiography---“美國夢
2、”的根源3、AmericanRomanticism（endof18thtothecivilwar）Americanwritersemphasisupontheimaginativeandemotionalqualitiesofliterature.早期浪漫主義WashingtonIrvingfatherofAmericanLiterature短篇小說JamesFenimoreCooper歷史，冒險，邊疆小說《TheLeather-stockingTales>文明發(fā)展對大自然的摧殘與
3、破壞WilliamCullenBryant美國第一個浪漫主義詩人《ToaWaterfowl>美國山水，謳歌大自然，歌頌美國生活現(xiàn)實EdgarAllanPoe---(48poems,70shortstories)Hegreatlyinfluencedthedevoteesof“Artforart’ssake.”Hewasfatherofpsychoanalyticcriticism,andthedetectivestory.RalphWaldoEmerson---Thechief
4、spokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalismAmericanTranscendentalism(alsoknownas“AmericanRenaissance”)ItisthehightideofAmericanromanticismTranscendentalistsspokefortheculturalrejuvenationandagainstthematerialismofAmericansociety.?《Nature》---theBibleofTranscendent
5、alismbyEmerson《Self-Reliance》表達他的超驗主義觀點HenryDavidThoreau------Waldenheregardednatureasasymbolofspirit.Thoreauwasverycriticalofmoderncivilization.小說家：Hawthorne-贊成超驗HeisamasterofsymbolismTheScarletLetter《紅字》Melville懷疑，悲觀，sailingexperiencesMobyDick百科全書式性質(zhì)/海洋作品/
6、動物史詩詩人Longfellow《IShotanArrow...》《APsalmofLife》第一首被完整地介紹到中國的美國詩歌Whitman（FreeVerse---withoutafixedbeatorregularrhymescheme）《LeavesofGrass》《One'sSelfISing》《OCaptain!MyCaptain!》songDickinsoninnerlifeoftheindividual---diedforbeauty4、TheAgeofRealismJamesupperreac
7、hesofAmericansociety.<一位女士的肖像》innerworldofmanHowells,concernedhimselfchieflywithmiddleclasslife.Twainthelowerstrataofsociety.humorandlocalcolorismAmericanNa
8、turalism自然主義（新型現(xiàn)實）StephenCrane；《Maggie:AGirloftheStreets》《TheRedBadgeofCourage》pessimisticTheodoreDreiser；SisterCarrie；JennieGerhardt；AnAmericanTragedy(TrilogyofDesire)O.Henry(WilliamSydneyPorte
