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1、分類號S812學校代碼10129UDC582.5.9學號08204005冷蒿孢粉學及雌配子體發(fā)育研究ResearchonPalynologyandFemaleGametophyteDevelopmentinArtemisiafrigidaWilld.申請人：石曉俊學科門類：理學學科專業(yè)：生態(tài)學研究方向：草地生態(tài)學指導教師：李青豐教授宛濤教授論文提交日期：二○一一年五月摘要本文以內(nèi)蒙古不同生境冷蒿為研究對象，結(jié)合不同生境冷蒿的形態(tài)特征和細胞學特征，采用孢粉學和生殖生物學的研究方法，對冷蒿進行了專項研究。通過研究表明：不同生境冷蒿在花
2、粉形態(tài)上有差異，冷蒿花粉具有二型性現(xiàn)象，分別為長球形和扁球形。冷蒿花粉的水平有效傳播距離大于200cm，垂直傳播距離大于100cm，花粉散布高峰期在早上10時左右，花粉散布量與溫度、風速及風向有直接聯(lián)系。蔗糖對冷蒿花粉的萌發(fā)有影響，20%濃度的蔗糖溶液對冷蒿花粉的萌發(fā)有明顯的促進作用，低濃度蔗糖的作用不明顯，而25%蔗糖濃度對其萌發(fā)有抑制作用。冷蒿花粉的萌發(fā)在有光照條件下速度加快。冷蒿的雌配子體發(fā)育屬于單孢型胚囊，薄珠心；基生胎座；單胚珠倒生型；在4個直線型排列大孢子出現(xiàn)之后，合點端大孢子發(fā)育為功能大孢子；成熟胚囊屬于蓼型胚囊。關(guān)
3、鍵詞：冷蒿；孢粉；傳粉；大孢子ResearchonPalynologyandFemaleGametophyteDevelopmentinArtemisia.frigidaWilld.AbstractInthispaper,Artemisiafrigidawilld.whichfromsomedifferenthabitatsofInnerMongoliaasthetestedmaterials,studywiththemorphologicalcharacteristicsandcytologicalfeatures,theuse
4、ofpollenandreproductivebiologyresearchmethods,conductedaspecialstudyofArtemisiafrigida.Throughresearchshowedthat:TherearedifferesinpollenmorphologyofArtemisia.frigidaWilldfromdifferenthabitats,coldArtemisiapollendimorphismphenomenon,namely,sphericalandflatforthelongba
5、ll.Artemisia.frigidaWilldeffectivedisseminationofpollenfrommorethan2cm,pollendispersalpeakataround10o'clockinthemorningtheamountofpollendispersalandthetemperature,humidity,windspeedandwinddirectionisdirectlylinkedtothematuresporangiaofcrackingdependsonthesmallatmosphe
6、rictemperatureandhumidity,windspeedwillspeedupthepollenshed.Sucroseconcentrationonpollengerminationfrigidaaffectthesuitableconcentrationofsucrosesolutiononthegerminationofpollenfrigidaroleinpromotingtheroleofthelowconcentrationofsucroseisnotobvious,whilethehigherconce
7、ntrationofsucroseinhibitedgermination.Artemisiapollengerminationinthecoldlightconditionshaveaccelerated.Artemisia.frigidaWilld.embryonicdevelopmentisasinglesporetypeembryosac,thinnucellus;basalplacenta;singleovuleanatropoustype;arrangedin4linearmegasporeappears,chalaz
8、almegasporedevelopsintothefunctionalmegaspore;matureembryocapsuleisPolygonumtypeembryosac.Keywords：Artemisia.frigidaWilld.;p
