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1、第42卷第5期東北林業(yè)大學學報Vo1.42No.52014年5月J0URNAL0FN0RTHEASTF0REsTRYUNIVERSITYMay2014吉林蛟河次生針闊混交林群落結構與微地形關系)何懷江張春雨趙秀海倪瑞強高海濤王貴春(森林資源與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)過程北京市重點實驗室(北京林業(yè)大學),北京,100083)(吉林省林業(yè)實驗區(qū)管理局)摘要以吉林蛟河次生針闊混交林監(jiān)測樣地調查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎.分析了近熟林群落的空間結構及樹種多樣性與微地形之間的關系。結果表明:地形變量和空間變量[a+h+c]共同解釋了群落樹種組成空間變異的67%,其中:地形變量[a+b]對群落樹
2、種組成空間變異的解釋量高達41%。地形變量『a+b]對樹木大小分化、林分胸高斷面積空間變異影響顯著,解釋量分別為15.47%和41.5%。地形變量『a+b1對樹種豐富度和Shannon多樣性空間變異解釋量分別為15.33%和22.29%,對樹種多度的空間變異解釋量僅為5.03%,對樹木聚集性的空間變異解釋量極低。樹木大小分化與海拔、坡度、凸凹度和山脊環(huán)境正相關,與山腰環(huán)境負相關。群落結構與地形因子典范對應分析顯示林分群落結構主要由坡度決定,同時表現(xiàn)出顯著的海拔梯度變化。地形位置(山谷、山脊)差異也強烈地影響著群落結構。關鍵詞典范對應分析;地形變量;空間
3、變量;方差分解分類號$718.5AssociationsbetweenCommunityStructureandMicrotopographyinMixedBroadleaf-coniferForestofJiaohe,Ji-linProvince/HeHuaijiang,ZhangChunyu.ZhaoXiuhai.NiRuiqiang(KeyLaboratoryforForestResources&EcosystemProcessesofBeijing,BeijingForestryUniversity,Beijing100083,P.R.Chin
4、a);GaoHaitao,WangGuichun(ForestEx—perimentalAreaAdministrationofJilinProvince)//JournalofNortheastForestryUniversity.一2014,42(5).一l3~l7.33Westudiedtheassociationsbetweenspatialcommunitystructurespeciesdiversityandmicrotopographywiththedataofa320rex660mplotintemperatemixedbroadle
5、af-coniferforestinJiaoheofJilinprovince.Topographicvariablesandspacevariablecanbeusedtoexplain67%ofspeciesspatialvarianceintreecommunitytogether.Topographicvariablescanbeusedtoexplain41%ofspatialvariabilityintreecommunityalone.Topographicvariablesaffectsignificantlytreessizediff
6、erentiationandstandbasalarea.whichexplains15.47%ofspatialvariationintreessizedifferentiationand41.5%ofspatialvariationinstandbasalarea.respectively.Theexplanationcapacityoftopographicvariablesis15.33%fortreespeciesrichnessand22.29%forShannondiversity.Buttopographicvariablesshowl
7、owerexplanationcapacityfortreespeciesabundanceandaggregation.Treesizedifferentiationpositivelyrelatestoelevation,slope,convexityandridge,butnegativelyrelatestohillside.CCAanalysisbetweencommunitystructureandtopographicvariablesshowsthatcommunityisdeterminedbyslope,andexhibitsasi
8、gnificantchangeofelevationgradient.Meanwhile,to