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1、河南農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué),2014,43(5):24-29JournalofHenanAgriculturalSciences不同基因型小麥耐低磷生理機(jī)制研究楊文博,程云,張艷,林德立,李雪,邢國珍,許君,鄭文明(河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院,小麥玉米作物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,河南鄭州450002)摘要:為揭示小麥耐低磷機(jī)制和培育磷高效基因型品種,以黃淮麥區(qū)2O個(gè)小麥品種為材料,系統(tǒng)測定了水培體系中低磷脅迫(5~mol/L)和正常供磷(500~tmol/L)條件下不同基因型小麥苗期的生物量、磷吸收量、根冠比和根效率,并對(duì)其耐低磷生理特性進(jìn)行了比較分析。結(jié)果表明,不同基因型小麥應(yīng)對(duì)低磷脅迫的生理
2、特性有明顯差異,可通過增加根系生物量、提高根系吸磷效率或增加植株體內(nèi)磷利用效率等途徑應(yīng)對(duì)低磷脅迫;濟(jì)麥17、矮抗58、晉麥47顯示出磷吸收高效,豫麥49和川農(nóng)17顯示出磷利用高效。綜合比較,濟(jì)麥17、晉麥47、川農(nóng)17為磷高效基因型小麥品種,具有較高的小麥磷高效育種應(yīng)用價(jià)值。關(guān)鍵詞:小麥;基因型;低磷反應(yīng);磷利用高效;磷吸收高效中圖分類號(hào):S181$512.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):1004—3268(2014)05—0024—06PhysiologicalFeaturesofDifferentWheatGenotypesExposedtOLowPhosphateunder
3、HydroponicCultureYANGWen—bo,CHENGYun,ZHANGYan,LINDe—li,LIXue,XINGGuo—zhen,XUJun,ZHENGWen—ming(NationalKeyLaboratoryofCropScienceforWheatandMaize,CollegeofLifeSciences,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002,China)Abstract:Deepeningdissectiononthephysiologicalfeaturesofdifferentwheatgen
4、otypesexposedtolowphosphatecanfindtheprimarybasisforrevealingthemechanismoflowPtoleranceandhighPefficiencybreedingforwheat.Thispaperreportedasystemicanalysisforthephysiologicalfeaturesof20differentwheatgenotypesexposedtolowphosphateunderhydroponicculture.Thebiomass,P—uptake,shoot/rootratio
5、,androotefficiencyofwheatseedlingsweremeasuredatdifferentPregimes(1owP,5mol/L,P一;fullP,500mol/L,P+).Theobtainedresultsindicatedthatthereexistedobviousdifferencesamongtheirphysiologicalcharactersofdifferentwheatgenotypesinlowphosphorusresponse.TheycouldenhancetheirPefficiencybyincreasingroo
6、tbiomass,rootPuptake,oruseefficiency.Wherein,Jimai17,Aikang58andJinmai47showedthehighphosphateabsorptionefficiency,whereasYumai49andChuannong17showedthehighphosphateutilizationefficiency.Asacomprehensivescreeningresult,Jimai17,Jinmai47,andChuannong17aresortedashighPefficiencygenotypesofwhe
7、at,whichpossessthegreatpotentialsinwheatP—efficientbreeding.Keywords:wheat;genotype;low—phosphateresponse;highphosphateutilizationefficiency;highphosphateabsorptionefficiency收稿日期:2014一O2一O4基金項(xiàng)目:河南省重點(diǎn)科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(I12102110206);河南省杰出青年基金項(xiàng)目(O841OO41O025)作者簡介:楊文博(1986一)