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1、Unit1ThePowerofLanguageTextAPre-readingQuestions1.1.Doyouusuallychallengetheideaanauthorrepresents?Whatdoyouthinkisactivereading?2.Whatsuggestionsdoyouexpecttheauthorwillgiveonreadingcritically?CriticalReadingCriticalreadingappliestonon-fictionwritinginwhichtheauthorput
2、sforthapositionorseekstomakeastatement.Criticalreadingisactivereading.Itinvolvesmorethanjustunderstandingwhatanauthorissaying.Criticalreadinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyourownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying.Herearethethingsyoushou
3、lddotobeacriticalreader.批判性閱讀批判性閱讀適合于那種作者提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或試圖陳述一個(gè)說法的紀(jì)實(shí)類寫作。批判性閱讀是積極閱讀。它不僅僅包括理解作者說了些什么，還包括質(zhì)疑和評價(jià)作者的話，并對此形成自己的觀點(diǎn)。成為一名批判性閱讀者需要做到以下幾點(diǎn)。Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten.Youmaybereadingsomethingthatwaswrittenbyanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontextthanyours.Or,youmaybereadi
4、ngsomethingwrittensometimeagoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.考慮寫作背景。你所讀的可能是與你有不同文化背景的人所寫的，或者是與你有不同時(shí)代背景的人多年以前所寫的。無論哪種情況，你都必須注意并考慮你的價(jià)值觀和態(tài)度與作者所代表的價(jià)值觀和態(tài)
5、度有何不同。Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor.Don’tacceptwhatiswrittenatfacevalue.Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade.Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport.Also,looktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedthewo
6、rkofauthorities.質(zhì)疑作者的論點(diǎn)。不要輕信作品的表面意思。在接受作者觀點(diǎn)前，首先要確定作者作出的每一個(gè)論點(diǎn)都有足夠的論據(jù)支持。找出能支持該論點(diǎn)的事實(shí)、實(shí)例、和數(shù)據(jù)。另外，注意作者是否參考了權(quán)威著作。Comparewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject.Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.Ifthereareinconsistencies,carefu
7、llyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesfortheinconsistencies.與同主題文章進(jìn)行比較。查看該作者的文章與其他作者關(guān)于同一主題的文章是否有一致性。如果存在不一致性，對不一致的地方背后的論據(jù)支持要進(jìn)行仔細(xì)甄別。Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor.Assumptionsarewhatevertheauthormustbelieveistrueinordertomakeassertions.Inmanycases,theauthor’sassumption
8、sarenotdirectlystated.Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyanyassumptions.Onceyouidentifyanassumption
