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1、Unit3InventorsandinventionsGrammar動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊,漸漸地成為一個(gè)復(fù)合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞(theParticipleAdjective),實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單純的形容詞,除表示“完成”的動(dòng)作之外,還表示“被動(dòng)”的意義。如：spokenEnglish(英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ))；icedbeer(冰凍啤酒)；一、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)cookedfood(熟食);friedchips(炸土豆條);但要注意不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞常表示“完成”的動(dòng)作,而不表示“被動(dòng)”意
2、義。如:boiledwater(開(kāi)水);fallenleaves(落葉);therisensun(升起的太陽(yáng))等。(1)前置定語(yǔ)單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ed形式,一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面,作前置定語(yǔ)。Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.激動(dòng)的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。(=thepeoplewhowereexcited)Losttimecanneverbefoundagain．虛度的時(shí)光,無(wú)法挽回。(=timewhichislost)(2)后置定語(yǔ)①少數(shù)單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定語(yǔ)。1.Everythingusedshouldbemar
3、ked．所有用過(guò)的東西應(yīng)該做好標(biāo)記。2.Amongtheinvitedweresomeladies．被邀請(qǐng)的人中,有些是女士。3.Thebooksleftareformystudents．剩下的書(shū)是給我的學(xué)生的。高考題MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(MET90)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentu
4、ry.(NMET94)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3)TheOlympicgames,in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoodsthroughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.(2002年全國(guó)春）A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenbo
5、ughtD.buying5)Mr.Smith,____ofthespeech,startedtoreada____novel.(2003北京春)A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boringHelookedworriedafterreadingtheletter．看完信后,他顯得很憂慮。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved．當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到這件事時(shí),被深深地感動(dòng)了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea．聽(tīng)到這個(gè)想法,他似乎很高興。二、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語(yǔ)
6、Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.(NMET98)A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay2)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.(NEMT2001)A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed高考題3)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheplanewasmakingalanding.(2004上海)A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tob
7、eseating三、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義,有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback．她回來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt．我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。Willyoupleasemakeyourselfheardtous,please?請(qǐng)你大聲點(diǎn)讓我們都聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)的話,好嗎？少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞用作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成后的狀態(tài).Theyfoundallthegu
