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1、HermanMelvilleandMobyDickHermanMelville(1819-1891)Works1.Redburn18492.Typee18463.Omoo18744.MobyDick18515.Mardi18496.WhiteJacket18507.Pierre18528.BillyBudd1924Melville’sMajorWorks1)Typee?泰比?2)Omoo?歐穆?3)Mardi?瑪?shù)?4)Redburn?雷得本?5)WhiteJacket?白外衣?fromhisadventuresamongthepeopleoftheSouthPacificislandsan
2、accountofhisvoyagetoEnglandhislifeonaUnitedStatesman-of-warMelville’sMajorWorks6)Pierre?皮埃爾?7)BillyBudd《比利?巴德》(asignthathehadresolvedhisquarrelwithGod)Clarel《克拉萊爾》(apoem)8）Moby-Dick?白鯨?，?莫比?狄克?LifeMelvillewasborninNewYorkCity.Bothhisparentscamefromwell-to-dofamilies,butlatertheirfamilybusinessfaile
3、d.Melville’schildhoodwashappytotheageof11,whenhisfatherdiedindebt.Melvillewasbornintoaslightlyeccentric古怪的,establishedNewEnglandfamily.HisfatherAlanimportedclothesandothergoodsfromFrance,providingHermanwithacomfortableandhappychildhoodinNewYork.AfterHerman'sfatherdiedin1832,thefamilyreliedonfinanci
4、alassistancefromhismother'swealthyfamilyandHermanleftschooltogotowork.Hermaneducatedhimselfwhileworkingavarietyofjobsthroughoutteens.In1839,MelvillebeganhisaffairwithseawhenhejoinedthecrewoftheSt.LawrenceandsetsailforLiverpoolEngland.In1840,MelvillesetsailaboardtheAcushnet,awhalingshipheadedfortheS
5、outhPacific.Theroughconditionsoftheseatoughened堅(jiān)韌theromanticNewEnglanderandhetooksuchalikingtosealifethathesailedaroundtheglobefouryearsaboardvariousships.Melvillewaswelcomedhomebyhisfamilywhowasentertainedbyhistalesofthehighseasandencouragedhimtowritethemdown.HermanwroteTypeequicklyin1845,andpubli
6、sheditthenextyear.Typeebecameacriticalandfinancialsuccessin1847,MelvillemarriedElizabethShaw,daughteroftheChiefJusticeofMassachusetts.Tomakehimselfmorefinanciallystableforhisimpending迫切的marriage,MelvillesoughtapositionwiththeU.S.Treasury財(cái)政部andtookonextraworkwritingbookreviews.MobyDickpublishedinNov
7、ember1851,receivedpoorreviewsanddidnotsell.Despitethiscontinuedoutputandthefacthisearliernovelscontinuedtobereprintedandsoldfairlywell,Melville'sliteraryreputationwasinrapiddecline.Hisdeathfromaheartattacko
