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1、土壤重金屬污染狀況及修復(fù)中文摘要:重金屬污染因具有毒性、易通過食物鏈在植物,動物和人體內(nèi)累積,對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。隨著工業(yè)快速發(fā)展、農(nóng)藥及化肥的廣泛使用,農(nóng)田土壤重金屬污染越來越嚴(yán)重,研究農(nóng)田土壤重金屬污染現(xiàn)狀及修復(fù)技術(shù)對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品安全具有重要意義。綜合國內(nèi)外農(nóng)田土壤重金屬污染狀況,農(nóng)田土壤重金屬污染主要來源于固體廢棄物堆放及處置、工業(yè)廢物大氣沉降、污水農(nóng)灌和農(nóng)用物質(zhì)的不合理施用。該文綜述了國內(nèi)外有關(guān)農(nóng)田重金屬污染土壤修復(fù)技術(shù)(物理修復(fù)、化學(xué)修復(fù)、生物修復(fù)、農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)和聯(lián)合修復(fù))的研究進(jìn)展,并針對各種修復(fù)方法,闡述了其原理、修復(fù)條件、應(yīng)用實(shí)例及其優(yōu)缺
2、點(diǎn),重點(diǎn)論述了植物修復(fù)的機(jī)理和應(yīng)用,提出了草本與木本聯(lián)合修復(fù)可有效提高農(nóng)田土壤重金屬復(fù)合污染的修復(fù)效率,為農(nóng)田土壤土壤重金屬復(fù)合污染修復(fù)提出了新的途徑。最后在對已有研究分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了聯(lián)合修復(fù)技術(shù)(如生物聯(lián)合技術(shù)、物理化學(xué)聯(lián)合技術(shù)和物理化學(xué)—生物聯(lián)合技術(shù))可以在一定程度上克服使用單一修復(fù)手段存在的缺點(diǎn),可提高復(fù)合污染的修復(fù)效率、降低修復(fù)成本,未來應(yīng)深入探索聯(lián)合修復(fù)技術(shù)間的相互作用機(jī)理,以期為農(nóng)田土壤重金屬綜合治理與污染修復(fù)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。關(guān)鍵詞:農(nóng)田土壤;重金屬;污染;修復(fù)技術(shù)Abstract;Heavymetalpollutioncausedbytoxi
3、c,easilyinthefoodchainthroughplants,animalsandhumansinvivoaccumulationoftheecologicalenvironmentandposeaseriousthreattohumanhealth.Withtherapiddevelopmentofindustry,thewidespreaduseofpesticidesandfertilizers,agriculturalsoilheavymetalpollutionisgettingworse,researchSoilHeavyMetalPo
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6、orepairthecondition,applicationexamplesitsadvantagesanddisadvantages,Focusesonthemechanismandapplicationofphytoremediation,herbaceousandwoodyproposedbioremediationcaneffectivelyimprovetheefficiencyofheavymetalsinsoilsrepaircompoundcontaminatedsoilfarmlandsoilheavymetalscontaminatio
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