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1、2015研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)一真題答案解析Section1UseofEnglish Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points) Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas"related"asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis1astudypublishedfromtheUniversity
2、ofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has2. Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted31932uniquesubjectswhich4pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth5. While1%mayseem6,itisnotsotoageneticist.Asco-authorofthestudyJamesFow
3、ler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiegosays,"Mostpeopledonoteven7theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho8ourkin." Theteamalsodevelopeda"friendshipscore"whichcanpredictwhowillbeyourfriendbasedontheirgenes. Thestudy9foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfr
4、iendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityinolfactorygenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow.10,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore11it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingintandemthat12usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends13than"functionalkinship"ofbeingfriendswith14!
5、Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthatthesimilargenesseemtobeevolving15thanothergenes.Studyingthiscouldhelp16whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor17factor. Thefindingsdonotsimplycorroboratepeople’s18tobefriendthoseofsimilar19backgrounds,sayth
6、eresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento20thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangersweretakenfromthesamepopulation.Theteamalsocontrolledthedatatocheckancestryofsubjects. 1AwhatBwhyChowDwhen 2AdefendedBconcludedCwithdrawnDadvised 3AforBwithCbyD
7、on 4AseparatedBsoughtCcomparedDconnected 5AtestsBobjectsCsamplesDexamples 6AinsignificantBunexpectedCunreliableDincredible 7AvisitBmissCknowDseek 8AsurpassBinfluenceCfavorDresemble 9AagainBalsoCinsteadDthus 10AMeanwhileBFurthermoreCLikewiseDPerhap
