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1、表語&表語從句Lyneisanexcellentstudent.表語主語連系動詞Ⅰ.Definition(定義)表語是用來說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的,表語常由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞過去分詞、動詞的-ing形式、副詞、介詞短語、形容詞、不定式和從句等來充當(dāng)。Eg.(例子)Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.Ididn’tknowthatitwasyouatthattime.Thedoorremainedclosed.Mary’sdailyjobiscleani
2、ngthehouse.名詞充當(dāng)表語代詞充當(dāng)表語動詞過去分詞充當(dāng)表語動詞-ing形式充當(dāng)表語Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidn’twork.介詞短語充當(dāng)表語副詞充當(dāng)表語形容詞充當(dāng)表語不定式充當(dāng)表語從句充當(dāng)表語Ⅱ.Position(位置
3、)表語常位于系動詞(be等詞)之后,與主語共同構(gòu)成主--系--表結(jié)構(gòu)(Subject-Predicativestructure)的句子。Ⅲ.LinkingVerbs(連系動詞)除動詞be以外,還有一些后面可接表語的特殊連系動詞,如:look,smell,taste,sound,feel,fall,come,go(變成…),become,grow(漸漸地變化),turn(變成,一般用于顏色),appear,seem,get,keep,remain,stay等。Ⅳ.Notes1.上面提到的動詞,不總是用作連系動詞。2.代詞充當(dāng)表語時,通
4、常用代詞的賓格形式。3.選擇時,區(qū)分該用動詞過去分詞、動詞-ing形式還是動詞的不定式充當(dāng)表語:主語是動作的發(fā)出者,并且動作在持續(xù)進行時,用動詞-ing形式;主語是承受者時,用動詞過去分詞;而當(dāng)動作是主語要執(zhí)行的多用不定式。Eg.Sheremainedthereforagoodhour,whichsurprisedeveryone.令所有人吃驚的是,她一直在那站了很長時間。A.tostandB.standC.stoodD.standingDⅤ.ThePredicativeClause(表語從句)由一個句子充當(dāng)句子的表語,這個充當(dāng)表語
5、的句子就叫做表語從句。表語從句和主語指同一內(nèi)容,它對主語進行解釋,是主語的內(nèi)容具體化。相當(dāng)于一個名詞。2.連接代詞:who,whom,whose,which,what等引導(dǎo)從句。Eg.Guilinisnotwhatitusedtobe.Whatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.1.從屬連詞:that,whether/if(是否)引導(dǎo)從句。Eg.Thetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore.Thequestioniswhetherweshouldas
6、kthemforhelp.可以充當(dāng)表語從句引導(dǎo)詞的有:3.連接副詞:when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)從句時,它們本身有詞義,既起連接從句的作用,又在從句中充當(dāng)狀語成分,修飾謂語動詞。Eg.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.Thatiswhyhedidn’tpasstheexam.4.用asif/asthough引導(dǎo),如:Eg.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.除that外的所有引導(dǎo)詞都有自己的意義。除that,whether外的所有引導(dǎo)詞都必須在從句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的成分。.表語從句引導(dǎo)
7、詞兩大特點:Exercises1.—Whoisknockingatthedoor?—It’s__.A.IB.thisC.meD.my2.Heisanoldmanwholooks__.A.healthB.friendlyC.friendD.pleasantly3.Theygotso__atthegoodnewsthattheyburstintocheers.A.exciteB.excitingC.excitedlyD.excitedCBD4.Itisbelievedthatifabookis___,itwillsurely___the
8、readers.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest5.Goandgetyourco