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1、HistoryofTheIndustrialRevolution(工業(yè)革命史)Contents1.Asimpleintroduction2.FirstIndustrialRevolution3.SecondIndustrialRevolution4.Thethirdrevolutionofscienceandtechnology5.latestIndustrialRevolutionIntroductionTherehavebeenthreecompleteindustrialrevolutionsinhumanhistory,successivelythesteamtechnolo
2、gyrevolution(蒸汽技術(shù)革命),thepowertechnologyrevolution(電力技術(shù)革命)andtheinformationtechnologyrevolution(信息技術(shù)革命).Today,withthedevelopmentofinternetindustrialization(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)化),industrialintelligence(工業(yè)智能)andindustrialintegration(工業(yè)一體化),peopleclaimedthatthefourthindustrialrevolution(第四次工業(yè)革命)hascomequietly.Fi
3、rstIndustrialRevolutionTheFirstIndustrialRevolution(orsteamtechnologyrevolution蒸汽技術(shù)革命)tookplacefromthe18thto19thcenturiesinEuropeandAmerica.Itwasaperiodwhenmostlyagrarian(農(nóng)耕),ruralsocietiesbecameindustrialandurban.Theironandtextileindustries(鋼鐵和紡織工業(yè)),alongwiththedevelopmentofthesteamengine(蒸汽機)
4、,playedcentralrolesintheIndustrialRevolution.Pictureofthesteamengine(蒸汽機)In1785,Watt'simprovedsteamengine(瓦特改良的蒸汽機)wasputintouse,providingmoreconvenientpoweranddrivingthepopularization(普及)anddevelopmentofmachinery.In1807,thesteam-poweredsteamboatpilotofAmericanFultonsucceeded.美國人富爾頓制成以蒸汽為動力的汽船試
5、航成功。In1814,BritishmanStephensuninventedthesteam-poweredcar.英國人史蒂芬孫發(fā)明了蒸汽汽車。Thefirstindustrialrevolutiongreatlystrengthenedthelinksbetweendifferentpartsoftheworld,changedthefaceoftheworld,andfinallyestablishedthedominanceofthebourgeoisiefortheworld(確立了資產(chǎn)階級對世界的統(tǒng)治地位).Britainfirstcompletedtheindustr
6、ialrevolutionandsoonbecametheworld'shegemon(世界霸主).Thefirstindustrialrevolutiongreatlyimprovedproductivity(生產(chǎn)力)andspreadadvancedproductiontechniquesandadvancedproductionexperience.Capitalistcountries(資本主義國家)seizecommoditymarketsandrawmaterialsaroundtheworldandenslave(奴役)localfarmers.Ithasexacerb
7、ated(加劇)thepovertyandbackwardnessoflocalfarmers,makingtheeastbelongtothewest.SecondIndustrialRevolutionThe?SecondIndustrialRevolution(orpowertechnologyrevolution電力技術(shù)革命)tookplacebetween1870and1914,justbefore?WorldWarI.?Itwasaperiod
