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1、名詞性從句考點1.引導詞that與what;that與whether;if與whether;what與how等的區(qū)別;2.名詞性從句的時態(tài)和語序問題;3.名詞性從句的語氣問題;4.同位語從句與定語從句的比較區(qū)別。定義在句子中起名詞性作用的句子叫名詞性從句。分類名詞性從句主語從句表語從句賓語從句同位語從句主語從句在另外一個句子中做主語的句子叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that,whether和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及連接副詞how,when,w
2、here,why等詞引導。引導主語從句的關聯(lián)詞有三類:(1)從屬連詞that(不充當句子成分,沒有詞匯意義)Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.whether“是否”(不能使用if)Whetherhewillcomehereisnotclear.(2)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverwhoever=anyonewho
3、whatever=anythingthatwhichever=any…thatWhowillgivethespeechisnotknownyet.Whotheprizewillbegiventoisnotdecidedyet.(3)連接副詞where,when,how,why.Wherethemeetingwillbehelddependsontheweather.Whentheyareleavingisbeingdiscussed.有時為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首,
4、而把主語從句置于句末。主句的謂語動詞一般用單數形式。常用句型如下:①It+be+形容詞(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+thatItisprobablethathetoldhereverything.②It+be+名詞詞組(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc)+thatItisnosur
5、prisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.③It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,suggested)+thatItisannouncedintoday’snewspaperthatBushwillpayavisittoChinanextweek.④It+seems/appears,happens等不及物動詞及短語+thatIthappenedthatIwasoutt
6、hatday.⑤Itdoesn’tmatter(makesnodifferences,etc)+連接代詞或連接副詞引導的主語從句Itmakesnodifferenceswhereweshallhavethemeeting.⑥當主語從句出現在感嘆句中時,用it作形式主語.Howstrangeitisthattheyaresoquiet!注意:單個的主語從句作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語,謂語動詞則用復數形式。在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時
7、,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”,常用的句型有:Itisnecessary/It’simportant/It’snatural(strange,etc.)that…whether與if均為“是否”,但下列情況下只用whether:1.whether引導主語從句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.2.引導表語從句Thequestioniswhetherhe’llcome.3.whether從句作介詞賓語I’mnotsureaboutwhetherwe’ll
8、win.4.從句后有“ornot”Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.表語從名在另外一個句子中作表語的句子叫表語從名。引導表語從句的關聯(lián)詞與引導主語從句的關聯(lián)詞大致一樣,表語從句位于連系動詞后,有時用asif,because引導。其基本結構為:主語+系動詞+that從句例如:Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.賓語從句在另一個句子中作賓語的句子叫賓語從句。引導賓語