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1、摘要此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中,設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)是將一臺(tái)XA6132普通升降臺(tái)臥式銑床,改造成三坐標(biāo)數(shù)控銑床。采用滾珠絲杠作為傳動(dòng)裝置。共有三根絲杠分別在縱向,橫向工作臺(tái)和垂直向升降臺(tái)上。驅(qū)動(dòng)元件為步進(jìn)電機(jī)。微機(jī)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)由CPU、存儲(chǔ)擴(kuò)展電路和I/O接口電路、伺服電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路等幾部分組成。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的核心是微機(jī),其它裝置均在微機(jī)的控制下進(jìn)行工作。系統(tǒng)的功能和系統(tǒng)中所用的微機(jī)直接相關(guān)。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)對(duì)微機(jī)的要求是多方面的,但主要指標(biāo)是字長(zhǎng)和速度,字長(zhǎng)不僅影響系統(tǒng)的最大加工尺寸,而且影響加工的精度和運(yùn)算精度。本設(shè)計(jì)采用的是MCS—51機(jī),并擴(kuò)展2片2
2、764芯片,1片6264芯片,3片8155可編程并行I/O等組成的控制系統(tǒng)。結(jié)合畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的的工作和時(shí)間的限制,機(jī)械部分主要解剖三個(gè)坐標(biāo)軸,完成機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),零件和參數(shù)的選擇,部分計(jì)算過(guò)程;電氣和微機(jī)部分主要有硬件原理圖和程序框圖,以及部分程序段,共計(jì)五張A0圖。此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中,我熟悉了機(jī)電一體化設(shè)計(jì)的基本過(guò)程,并把各門(mén)所學(xué)的知識(shí)融會(huì)貫通形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,為以后的設(shè)計(jì)工作打下了良好的基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)我也深深的體會(huì)到了不足之處,準(zhǔn)備在今后的工作中不斷學(xué)習(xí),不斷實(shí)踐。關(guān)鍵詞:XA6132普通升降臺(tái)臥式銑床,數(shù)控,改造51Abst
3、ractInthistimegraduationdesign,thedesignmissionistoreformasetofXA6132commonworkingpanellifterlyingtypemillerintothethreecoordinatenumbercontrollingmiller,adoptingtheballguidescrewasthetransmissiondevice.Therearethreesilkbardifferenttotallyatlengthways,horizontal
4、workpedestalandperpendicularitytoascendanddescendonthestage.Thedrivingcomponentisthesteppingelectricalengineering.ThetinymachinenumbercontrolsthesystemfromtheCPU,savetoexpandtheelectriccircuitandI/Oconnectsapeople'selectriccircuit,servoelectricalengineeringtodri
5、vetheelectriccircuitetc.severalpartsconstitute.Thenumbercontrolsthecoreofthesystemisatinymachine,theotherequipstoallcarryontheworkunderthecontrolofthetinymachine.Thetinymachineuseisdirectlyrelatedinthefunctionandsystemsofthesystem.Thenumbercontrolstherequestofsy
6、stemtotinymachineisvarious,butthemainindexsignisawordtogrowandspeed,thewordislongnotonlyaffectthesystembiggesttoprocessthesize,andtheaccuracythatinfluenceprocessandoperationaccuracy.WhatthisdesignadoptionismachinesMCS-51s,andexpand2slicesof2764chips,asliceof6264
7、chips,3slicesof8155programmableproceedtogethertoconstitutethecontrolsystem.Becausetheworkofgraduationprojectandrestrictionoftime,themechanicalpartdissectsthreecoordinateaxesmainly,finishesmechanicalstructuraldesign,thechoicesofthepartandparameter,somecomputation
8、alprocesses;Electricandthecomputerparthaveprinciplepicturesofhardwareandprocedureblockdiagram,andsomeproceduresectionsmainly,itisfiveA0picturealtogether.Inthistimegra