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1、XX大學(xué)工程碩士論文摘要基坑工程面對各種各樣的地基土和復(fù)雜的環(huán)境條件進行施工作業(yè),存在各種不確定因素,所以很難對基坑工程的設(shè)計與施工制定一套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式,或用一套嚴(yán)密的理論和計算方法,能夠把握施工中可能發(fā)生的各種變化。本文首先介紹了目前常用的幾種計算基坑受力與變形的方法和有限元理論,在此基礎(chǔ)上,對如何將有限元理論應(yīng)用于基坑工程,以合理地指導(dǎo)設(shè)計與施工做了深入的研究。并就以下兩方面應(yīng)用進行實例分析。⑴基坑的計算與分析。采用有限元方法對基坑工程進行模擬計算。本文對重力式擋墻圍護結(jié)構(gòu)基坑工程進行了有限元模擬計算,根據(jù)與實際監(jiān)測資料的對比分析,表明本文所采用有
2、限元方法是合理可行的。另外本文還比較了增量法與全量法計算結(jié)果的差異,討論了樁體剛度、樁土彈性模量、地面超載、土體性質(zhì)等因素對支護結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,得到了一些可供工程參考的結(jié)論。⑵基坑圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計。本文選取支撐截面尺寸等作為設(shè)計變量(DVs),通過改變這些變量的數(shù)值來實現(xiàn)結(jié)果的優(yōu)化。同時以測點的內(nèi)力、位移等作為狀態(tài)變量(SVs),通過這些變量可以約束設(shè)計,以保證基坑工程的安全。最后以整個支撐系統(tǒng)所用混凝土的體積為目標(biāo)函數(shù),希望計量減小這個數(shù)值,以降低工程的造價,最終得到了令人滿意的結(jié)果。關(guān)鍵詞:深基坑,支護體系,有限元,優(yōu)化設(shè)計IVXX大學(xué)工程碩士論
3、文ABSTRACTBecauseofvariousfoundationconditionsandcomplicatedenvironment,someuncertainfactorsconsistintheconstructingoffoundationpit,soitisdifficultinestablishingasuitofstandardmodeforthedesignandconstructingoffoundationpitproject,orsettlingallpotentialmovementinconstructingoffo
4、undationpitprojectwithasuitofnarrowtheoryandcacluationalmethod.Inthefirstpartofthispaper,thecurrentcalculationalmethodsincommonuseareintroduced,andthemainFEMtheoriesarestudied,andthecharacteristicofeachtheoryareanalysed,somecorrespondingimprovementismaked.Inthesecondpart,howto
5、applytheFEMtheoriesinfoundationpitprojecttoguidedesignandconstructionisstudied,andtwomainapplicationmethodsareadvanced.⑴CalculateandAnalyse.SimulateandCalculatethefoundationpitprojectwiththebarsystemFEMortheplanarorspacialfiniteelementmethod.Thepilebuildingenclosurewithtwoorth
6、reebracingpiecesandthegravityretainingwallareparticularizedasexampleinthispaper.Fromtheantithesiswithdatumpracticallymeasured,itindicatesthattheFEMwhichisadoptbythispaperislogicalandfeasible.Inaddition,inthispaper,thecalculateresultsofincrementalcalculationmethodandtotalcalcul
7、ationmethodarecompared;theinfectionofthepilestiffness、theelasticmodulusofsoilandpile、theexcessload、thesoilcharactertobuildingenclosurearediscussed,andsomeusefulconclusionsarefound.⑵OptimizationDesign.Accordingtothedesignprincipleofsafetyandeconomic,thispaperhasstudiedtheimplem
8、entofoptimizationdesignforthesupportconstructioninfoundationp