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1、Gametheoryandpoliticaltheory:anintroductionGametheoryandpoliticaltheoryAnintroductionPETERC.ORDESHOOKUniversityofTexasatAustinCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSPublishedbythePressSyndicateoftheUniversityofCambridgeThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,CambridgeCB21RP40West20th
2、Street,NewYork,NY10011-4211,USA10StamfordRoad,Oakleigh,Melbourne3166,Australia?CambridgeUniversityPress1986Firstpublished1986Reprinted1987,1988,1989,1993,1995LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBri
3、tishLibraryISBN0-521-30612-4hardbackISBN0-521-31593-XpaperbackTransferredtodigitalprinting2003ContentspagePrefaceixAcknowledgmentsxv1Individualpreferenceandindividualchoice11.1Somefundamentalnotationanddefinitions2Actions3Outcomes4Statesofnature91.2Preferences10T
4、hepreferencerelation12Ordinalutility131.3Multiattributeoutcomes161.4Decisionmakingundercertainty28Constrainedeconomicdecisions29Constrainedpoliticaldecisions321.5Decisionmakingunderrisk371.6Themeaningofcardinalutility421.7Cardinalutilityandsubjectiveprobability48
5、Allais'sparadox48Thecalculusofvoting491.8Summary512Individualpreferenceandsocialchoice532.1Arrow'simpossibilityresult562.2Paradoxesofvoting65Theagendaparadox65ThecontrivedCondorcetparadox66Thedominated-winnerparadox67Theinverted-orderparadox68Thewinner-turns-lose
6、rparadox69Thetruncatedpoint-totalparadox70Themajority-winnerparadox702.3Thepowerofagendas712.4Misrepresentationofpreferences82viContents2.5Votetrading892.6Summary943Basictheoryofnoncooperativegames973.1Noncooperativegames:anexample983.2Gamesinextensiveform:thegam
7、etree993.3Strategyandthenormalform1063.4Normalformofinfinitegames1123.5Best-responsestrategiesanddomination1143.6Pure-strategyequilibria1173.7Someconditionsforexistenceofpure-strategyequilibria120Gamesofperfectinformation120Somesimplevotinggames121Concave-convexg
8、amesandthefundamentaltheorem1273.8Mixedstrategies1333.9Perfectequilibria1373.10Summary1424Electionsandtwo-personzero-sumgames1444.1Zero-sumgames1444.2Interchan