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1、中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)輔修雙學(xué)位學(xué)士學(xué)位論文成績(jī)題目:試論會(huì)計(jì)造假及防范措施主修學(xué)校中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)專業(yè)年級(jí)哲學(xué)0701輔修學(xué)校中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)輔修專業(yè)、班級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)0701學(xué)生姓名孫子建學(xué)號(hào)0701010107指導(dǎo)教師張慧德副教授2011年4月14日試論會(huì)計(jì)造假及防范措施摘要:近年來(lái),不論是在國(guó)際上還是在國(guó)內(nèi),會(huì)計(jì)造假案件不斷出現(xiàn),成為危害社會(huì)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的頑癥,會(huì)計(jì)造假已成為一種世界現(xiàn)象。會(huì)計(jì)造假的危害是多方面的,既擾亂了經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序,滋長(zhǎng)腐敗,又打擊了投資者信心,損害了會(huì)計(jì)人員形象。企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)造假問(wèn)題已成為社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),它危及到國(guó)家、企業(yè)和社會(huì)個(gè)人的利
2、益,可能成為制約中國(guó)改革政策選擇、改革中的資源配置和改革后的績(jī)效評(píng)估的"瓶頸"。因而,有效解決會(huì)計(jì)造假問(wèn)題,已成為中國(guó)政府和學(xué)術(shù)界面臨的重大課題。會(huì)計(jì)信息披露制度,作為證券市場(chǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)“公開、公平、公正”原則的重要保障,隨著會(huì)計(jì)規(guī)則體系的不斷完善、證券監(jiān)管的力度不斷加強(qiáng)和注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師行業(yè)的發(fā)展,逐步建立、發(fā)展和完善起來(lái)。但是,我國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)信息披露的現(xiàn)狀不容盲目樂(lè)觀,證券市場(chǎng)中尚有一些公司利用各種舞弊手段人為降低會(huì)計(jì)信息質(zhì)量,使其缺乏客觀性和相關(guān)性,從而影響會(huì)計(jì)信息對(duì)投資者決策的可信度。會(huì)計(jì)造假嚴(yán)重地?cái)_亂了整個(gè)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展秩序。因此,對(duì)會(huì)計(jì)誠(chéng)信的呼吁越來(lái)越
3、強(qiáng)烈,朱镕基總理更是親自作出了不做假賬的批示。只有建立起更完善的會(huì)計(jì)制度、監(jiān)督制度,并且當(dāng)會(huì)計(jì)誠(chéng)信成為全社會(huì)共識(shí)的時(shí)候,我國(guó)的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序才能越來(lái)越好,我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)才能持續(xù)健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展。從我國(guó)實(shí)際情況來(lái)看,其主要原因有:法律監(jiān)督不力;行政監(jiān)督管理體制不合理、監(jiān)督不到位;社會(huì)監(jiān)督缺乏有效性;會(huì)計(jì)政策前瞻性不夠;法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)不完善;內(nèi)部控制制度的不完善;會(huì)計(jì)人員素質(zhì)不高等。會(huì)計(jì)人員往往通過(guò)虛構(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)容、虛列憑證,制造虛假余額;巧用往來(lái)賬戶,偷逃稅款;隱瞞收入,虛報(bào)損失;調(diào)節(jié)費(fèi)用和利潤(rùn),以達(dá)到不同的目的;巧調(diào)帳外物資私設(shè)小金庫(kù);注冊(cè)資本名不符實(shí)等手段
4、來(lái)操縱財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表。結(jié)合我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況,我認(rèn)為可以采取以下措施來(lái)遏制會(huì)計(jì)造假:完善財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告法律體系,規(guī)范會(huì)計(jì)信息披露行為;國(guó)家應(yīng)該建立合理的行政監(jiān)督管理體制;強(qiáng)化社會(huì)審計(jì)監(jiān)督,提高注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師執(zhí)業(yè)質(zhì)量;制訂較完善的會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則;完善公司法人治理結(jié)構(gòu),從源頭上杜絕會(huì)計(jì)造假行為的發(fā)生;加強(qiáng)內(nèi)部控制建設(shè);提高會(huì)計(jì)人員素質(zhì)。關(guān)鍵詞:會(huì)計(jì)造假;會(huì)計(jì)信息;會(huì)計(jì)誠(chéng)信ABSTRACT:Inrecentyears,bothinternationalanddomestic,accountingfraudcasesappearceaselessly,becomeadanger
5、forkeepingthepoliticalandeconomicorderaccountingfraudhasbecomeaworldphenomenon.Thedangersofaccountingfraudisvarious,alreadydisturbingtheeconomicorderanddevelopscorruption,andhittheinvestorconfidenceandharmtheaccountingpersonnelimage.Enterpriseaccountingfraudhasbecomethefocus
6、ofattentionofthesociety,whichendangerthestate,enterprisesandsocialpersonalinterests,maybecomerestrictsthereformpolicychoice,inthereformoftheresourceallocationandreformoftheperformanceevaluation"bottleneck".Therefore,howtoeffectivelysolvetheaccountingfraudproblem,hasbecomeChi
7、na'sgovernmentandacademiafacesmajorissue.Accountinginformationdisclosuresystemandassecuritiesmarketrealizationof"openness,fairness,impartiality"principleofimportantprotection,alongwithaccountingrulesystemofcontinuousimprovementandsecuritiesregulatoryincreasinglystrengthenand
8、certifiedpublicaccountantsindustrydevelopment,andgraduallyestablishanddevel