河南省2020-2021學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)Word版含解析

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2020－2021學(xué)年高一年級(jí)上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheconversationA.Johnwon’tbebackthisevening.B.ThewomanspeakerhaslentJohnherbicycle.C.ThemanspeakerwillaskJohntobebackquickly.3.Howdoest成manfeelabouthisdrivingtowork?A.Hefeelsthatit’snotbad.B.Thedistanceisalittlelong.C.Ittakeshimtoomuchtime.4.What’swrongwiththeradio?

1A.Itcan’tbeturnedon.B.Itcan’tbeturnedoff.C.Itdoesn’twork.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atacinema.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atahotel.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A.Adoubleroom.B.Asingleroom.C.Aquietroom.7.Whenwillthemanleavethehotel?A.OnJuly15th.B.OnJune14th.C.OnJune15th.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdidthemanputuponthewallyesterday?A.Apicturehetook.B.Apicturedrawnbyhimself.C.Apictureofhimtakenlastyear.9.Whatkindofpicturesdoesthemanlike?A.Thedailylifepictures.B.Thepicturestakenbyothers.C.Thepicturespreparedforcameras.10.Howmanycamerasdoesthemanhave?A.Twelve.B.Ten.C.Two.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inanoffice.B.AtanrailwaystationC.Atanairport.12.HowmanycitiesdidthewomanvisitinChina?A.6.B.5.C.4.13.Whatisthemanprobably?A.Areporter.B.Ascientist.C.Aguide.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

214.Wherewillthemango?A.ToLondon.B.ToNewYork.C.ToSydney.15.Whenwillthemanleave?A.OnFridaynight.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSaturdaymorning.16.Howlongwilltheflightlast?A.Nearly2hours.B.Nearly3hours.C.Nearly4hours.17.Whydoesthemantakethetrip?A.Foravisit.B.Onholiday.C.Onbusiness.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthestorytoldbythespeakermean?A.Humansarepowerful.B.LanguageiscreatedbyGod.C.Communicationisveryimportant.19.Whatdoesthespeakerregardforeignlanguagesas?A.Tools.B.Knowledge.C.Skills.20.Howwillthespeakerteach?A.Throughwrittentests.B.Throughconversations.C.Throughstories.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhileyou’rereadingthis,wewillloseabout25footballfieldsofrainforest.Everytreethatfallsresultsingreatdamagetothebiodiversity(生物多樣性)thatsupportswildlifeincludingtinyfrogsandourownrelative,theorangutan(猩猩).It’suptoallofustodowhatwecanifwearetomakesurebiodiversityisprotected.WeinviteyoutotakepartinaBIGchallenge.When:March2021.Where:KinabaluNationalPark,Borneo.Who:Cheshirebusinessleadersandfriendsofthezoo,includingCEODrMarkPilgrimandTrusteeSandraDonnelly.

3What:ArunthroughthejungleofBorneotoraisemoneyforChesterZoo’sreforestation(重新造林)work.Participantscanchoosetorun9km,30km,50km,100kmor100miles.Weknowfromourexpertsinthefieldthat,reforestationisimportanttobringlifebacktotheland,soweaimtoraisemoneytosupportourreforestationworkinBorneo.Ouractivitiesincludetree-planting,wildlifemonitoringandresearchandmanagingforestfires,andeverybitofourworkcontributetoahealthyrainforestplacewherewildlifecandevelop.BytakingpartinRacefortheRainforestandraisingmoneyforChesterZoo,notonlyareyouencouragingthereinvigoration(重振)ofthepreciousbiodiversitythatwouldotherwisebelost,butyouaresupportinglocalcommunitiesandprotectingourplanet.1.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinparagraph1?A.Footballfieldscanbebuiltinrainforest.B.Wildlifeisveryimportanttohumans.C.Wemayspendtoomuchtimereadingthetext.D.Biodiversityneedstobeprotectedimmediately.2.Howcanwetakepartinthebigchallenge?A.Byrunningadistance.B.Byaskingotherstogivemoney.C.Bymeetingbusinessleaders.D.Bybecomingaworkerofthezoo.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theracecanmakeabigdifference.B.Managingforestfiresiskeytoreforestation.C.ChesterZoocentersonlookingafteranimals.D.Enoughattentionhasbeenpaidtobiodiversity.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了一個(gè)為動(dòng)物園募集資金，支持恢復(fù)生物多樣性工作的叢林賽跑活動(dòng)?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whileyou’rereadingthis,wewillloseabout25footballfieldsofrainforest.Everytreethatfallsresultsingreatdamagetothebiodiversity(生物多樣性)thatsupportswildlifeincludingtinyfrogsandourownrelative,the

4orangutan(猩猩).”可知，當(dāng)你讀到這些的時(shí)候，我們將失去25個(gè)足球場(chǎng)的雨林。每一棵倒下的樹(shù)都會(huì)嚴(yán)重破壞生物多樣性，而這些生物正是包括小青蛙和我們的近親猩猩在內(nèi)的野生動(dòng)物賴以生存的物種?？梢酝浦ㄟ^(guò)作者給我們展現(xiàn)的這么一個(gè)場(chǎng)景：讀這篇文章的時(shí)間里我們就會(huì)失去有25個(gè)足球場(chǎng)面積那樣大的一塊雨林，這些雨林的失去造成了生物多樣性的破壞。作者想告訴我們的是：保護(hù)生物多樣性刻不容緩。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What”部分中“ArunthroughthejungleofBorneotoraisemoneyforChesterZoo’sreforestation(重新造林)work.”可知，穿越婆羅洲叢林，為切斯特動(dòng)物園的植樹(shù)造林工程籌集資金。可以推知，通過(guò)讓人參與叢林賽跑活動(dòng)，來(lái)為Chester動(dòng)物園的重新造林工作募集資金。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“BytakingpartinRacefortheRainforestandraisingmoneyforChesterZoo,notonlyareyouencouragingthereinvigoration(重振)ofthepreciousbiodiversitythatwouldotherwisebelost,butyouaresupportinglocalcommunitiesandprotectingourplanet.”可知，通過(guò)參加熱帶雨林競(jìng)賽，為切斯特動(dòng)物園籌集資金，你們不僅鼓勵(lì)了珍貴的生物多樣性的恢復(fù)，否則就會(huì)失去，而且你們支持了當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，保護(hù)了我們的星球。由此推知，參與這次叢林賽跑活動(dòng)意義重大。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。故選A。BLastMonday,toprepareapicnic,Idecidedtogointoasuperstorewhichwasonmywayhome.Iparkedmycarinthebigparkinglotandwentintothesuperstore.Itwasahugeone,spreadonto2storiesand200,000+sq-ft.After45minutesofshopping(whichlookedlikearealescapegame)tojustgetsometomatoes,cheeseand3toothpicks,Iarrivedatthecashierline,thoughtfulandabitupsetbythetimeIspenttoget5articles.IwonderedwhyIdidnotgotoasmalllocalstore.After15minutesofwaitingintheline,thewomaninfrontofmecalledme:"Heyyouonlyhave5articles?Passbeforeme;Ihavemanymorearticlesthanyou!"Itwasn’tthefirsttimeithadhappenedtome.Butherinitiative(提議)wasdisarming,aswellaswashersmile.Shedidnotwearanymask,soIcouldseeit.Notknowingwhatelsetodo,Iacceptedheroffering.Wechattedabitwaitingforthecustomersaheadofustofinish-shewasverypleasant.ThenIthankedher,givingherbackmybrightestsmilealthoughIwaswearingamask.Gettingbackinmycar,Irethoughtaboutthatgoodmoment,andrealizedthatshemademyday.Inthemeantime,Iwonderedhowtogiveitbacktoher.Nodoubtitwasquiteimpossible,soIconsideredhowtopay-it-forwardtosomeoneelse.Whiledriving,Irealizedthatshesavedme10minutes.AndwhileIwasdrivingat70mph,Ireducedmyspeedto55mph.Theamountoffueluseddroppeddownby35%.Asaresult,Ire-lostpartofthe10minutesthatthewomanofferedme,butitwasawaytorepayheranddoasmallthingfortheenvironment.

54.Whydidtheauthorregretshoppinginthesuperstore?A.Shefoundtheparkinglotwasfull.B.Shethoughtthesuperstorewastoocrowded.C.Shespenttoomuchtimebuyingtoofewthings.D.Shethoughtthearticlesthereweretooexpensive.5.Howmuchtimeshouldtheauthorhavewaitedinthelineatleastifshehadn’tchangedherplace?A.15minutes.B.70minutes.C.60minutes.D.25minutes.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disarming"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Alittletoolate.B.Hardtoaccept.C.Makingpeopleloseability.D.Makingpeoplefeellessangry.7.Howdidtheauthorrepaythewoman?A.Bywasting10minutes.B.Bydrivingalittleslower.C.Bypayingitforwardtosomeoneelse.D.Byaskingotherstoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者因?yàn)樘暨x商品花費(fèi)了較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，又在結(jié)算隊(duì)伍中等了15分鐘，心里很生氣。多虧一位女士跟她交換了位置，才得以提前十分鐘結(jié)賬離開(kāi)商店。作者為了報(bào)答那位女士給她節(jié)省的10分鐘，在回家路上主動(dòng)降低車速，減少汽車油耗，從而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“After45minutesofshopping(whichlookedlikearealescapegame)tojustgetsometomatoes,cheeseand3toothpicks,Iarrivedatthecashierline,thoughtfulandabitupsetbythetimeIspenttoget5articles.IwonderedwhyIdidnotgotoasmalllocalstore.”可知，為了買一些西紅柿、奶酪和3盒牙簽，我花了45分鐘去購(gòu)物(這看起來(lái)像是一個(gè)真正的逃避游戲)，最后我來(lái)到了收銀臺(tái)，對(duì)于花在買5件物品上的時(shí)間，我感到有點(diǎn)心煩意亂。我想知道為什么我不去當(dāng)?shù)氐男∩痰?。所以可知，作者?5分鐘時(shí)間才購(gòu)買了5件商品，覺(jué)得挑選商品花費(fèi)時(shí)間太多，不如在小商店購(gòu)買節(jié)省時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)C與文意一致，故選C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“After15minutesofwaitingintheline,thewomaninfrontofmecalledme:"Hey,youonlyhave5articles?Passbeforeme;Ihavemanymorearticlesthan

6you!"”（在排了15分鐘的隊(duì)后，我前面的女士喊我：“嘿，你只有5件物品？”到我前面，我的東西比你多得多!”）可知，作者在結(jié)算隊(duì)伍中等了15分鐘后才和那位女士換了位置；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Whiledriving，Irealizedthatshesavedme10minutes.”（開(kāi)車的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到她幫我省了10分鐘）可知，換位給她節(jié)省了10分鐘，由此可知，如果作者不換位，那么至少要排隊(duì)25（15+10）分鐘。選項(xiàng)D符合文意。故選D。3.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“After45minutesofshopping(whichlookedlikearealescapegame)tojustgetsometomatoes,cheeseand3toothpicks,Iarrivedatthecashierline,thoughtfulandabitupsetbythetimeIspenttoget5articles.IwonderedwhyIdidnotgotoasmalllocalstore.”（為了買一些西紅柿、奶酪和3盒牙簽，我花了45分鐘去購(gòu)物(這看起來(lái)像是一個(gè)真正的逃避游戲)，最后我來(lái)到了收銀臺(tái)，對(duì)于花在買5件物品上的時(shí)間，我感到有點(diǎn)心煩意亂。我想知道為什么我不去當(dāng)?shù)氐男∩痰辏┘暗谌巍癆fter15minutesofwaitingintheline,”（在結(jié)賬隊(duì)伍里等候了15分鐘）可知，作者因?yàn)樘暨x商品花費(fèi)了較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，再加上排隊(duì)結(jié)算又等待了15分鐘，自然感到很懊惱，再結(jié)合第三段“"Hey,youonlyhave5articles?Passbeforeme;Ihavemanymorearticlesthanyou!"”（嘿，你只有5件物品？到我前面，我的東西比你多得多!）可知，這時(shí)，前面那位女士提議換位，這會(huì)節(jié)省作者時(shí)間，她自然會(huì)感到不那么生氣了。由此推測(cè)畫線詞意為“使人不再生氣”。選項(xiàng)D符合文意。故選D。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“Whiledriving,Irealizedthatshesavedme10minutes.AndwhileIwasdrivingat70mph,Ireducedmyspeedto55mph.Theamountoffueluseddroppeddownby35%.”（開(kāi)車的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到她幫我省了10分鐘。當(dāng)我以每小時(shí)70英里的速度行駛時(shí)，我把速度降到了每小時(shí)55英里。燃料消耗量下降了35%）及最后一段“Asaresult,Ire-lostpartofthe10minutesthatthewomanofferedme,butitwasawaytorepayheranddoasmallthingfortheenvironment.”（結(jié)果，我又失去了那個(gè)女人給我的10分鐘的一部分，但這是報(bào)答她的方式，也是為環(huán)境做點(diǎn)小事）可知，作者為了報(bào)答那位女士給她節(jié)省的10分鐘時(shí)間，在回家路上主動(dòng)降低車速，減少汽車油耗，從而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。CTheworld’slargesticeberg,namedA68a,brokeawayfromAntarctica’sLarsenCiceshelfinJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated(漂浮)towardtheislandofSouthGeorgiainthesouthernAtlanticOcean.Satellitepicturesshowtheiceberghasremainedinonepiece.Itisabout150kilometerslongand48kilometerswide.ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonapathtohitSouthGeorgiainaround30days.Rightnowisthetimeofyearwhensealsandpenguinsspendalotoftimecaringfortheiryoung.Thismeansthedistancethatparentshavetotraveltofindfoodisimportant.Scientistsfearthatiftheiceberghitstheisland,itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.Theyhavetogoaroundtheiceberg,ortoactuallygofurthertofindfood.Andthattimeisquiteimportantatthisparticular

7periodoftheirlifecycle.Ecologistssayanicebergcrash(碰撞)wouldalsodisturbmaterialssettledontheseabed,possiblypollutingthesurroundingseas.Astheicebergmelts(融化),itwouldalsosendlargeamountsoffreshwaterintotheocean.Thiscouldaffectkrillpopulationsthatareamajorsourceoffoodfortheisland'swildlife.Besides,theicebergcouldremainfor10yearsandchangethearea’swholeecosystem.Ifsomerarespeciesfailinthisarea,theirnumbersgloballyaregoingtogodownquitesharply.Thebreaking-offoficebergsfromAntarcticaisanaturalprocess.Buttheprocessischangingwithclimatechange.Whatwe’reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthingintothefuture.Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheicebergA68a?A.Itwashitbyanothericebergandbrokeintopieces.B.Ithasbeenfloatingontheseaformorethan4years.C.Itisnowmorethan500kmawayfromSouthGeorgia.D.Itcameintobeingbecauseofadropinwatertemperature.9.HowwilltheicebergprobablyinfluencethepenguinsandsealsinSouthGeorgia?A.Bybringingotherwildlifethere.B.Byslowingdowntheirlifecycle.C.Bycuttingofftheirwaytofeedingareas.D.Bymakingtheweathercompletelydifferent.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thetimeperiodanicebergcouldremain.B.Thepossibleinfluenceofanicebergcrash.C.Thepossiblereasonforthefailureofrarespecies.D.Thefreshwateranicebergcouldproduce.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Floatingicebergswillbemorecommon.B.Theicebergwillsoonbreakupandmelt.C.Icebergshavenothingtodowithclimate.D.Officialshaveplannedtodirecttheiceberg.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.A

8【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。世界最大冰山A68a正向南喬治亞島漂移，估計(jì)30天能撞上這個(gè)海島。如果發(fā)生撞擊，將對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐钠簌Z和海豹等野生動(dòng)物構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonapathtohitSouthGeorgiainaround30days.”可知，冰山每小時(shí)前進(jìn)1千米，估計(jì)30天能撞上南喬治亞島，那么現(xiàn)在兩者間的距離應(yīng)該有720千米左右。所以現(xiàn)在它距南喬治亞州500多公里。A，D項(xiàng)未提及，B項(xiàng)morethan4years表述不對(duì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Rightnowisthetimeofyearwhenseals…Andthattimeisquiteimportantatthisparticularperiodoftheirlifecycle.”可知，如今正是海豹和企鵝照顧幼崽的時(shí)節(jié)，如果冰山撞上海島，可能會(huì)阻礙企鵝和海豹到達(dá)食物源。這意味著他們必須走得更遠(yuǎn)。他們必須繞過(guò)冰山，或者實(shí)際上要走得更遠(yuǎn)才能找到食物。A項(xiàng)“通過(guò)把其他野生動(dòng)植物帶到那里”，B項(xiàng)“通過(guò)減慢他們的生命周期”，C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)切斷通往喂養(yǎng)區(qū)域的路”，D項(xiàng)“通過(guò)使天氣完全不同”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Ecologistssayanicebergcrash(碰撞)wouldalsodisturbmaterialssettledontheseabed…theirnumbersgloballyaregoingtogodownquitesharply.可知，主要介紹了冰山撞擊海島后的影響：攪亂海床上的物質(zhì)，污染周圍海域；冰山融化釋放淡水，殺死蝦群，影響島上野生動(dòng)物的食物來(lái)源；冰山可能存在10年，改變地區(qū)整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；如果當(dāng)?shù)叵∮形锓N數(shù)量下降，該物種在全世界范圍內(nèi)的數(shù)量也將急劇下降。A項(xiàng)“冰山可能保存的時(shí)間周期”，B項(xiàng)“冰山碰撞的可能影響”，C項(xiàng)“稀有物種減少的可能原因”，D項(xiàng)“冰山可以產(chǎn)生的淡水”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthingintothefuture.”可知，冰山從南極洲脫離的速率在增加，在未來(lái)，冰山脫離南極洲飄向他處很有可能會(huì)成為普遍的事情。所以可知漂浮的冰山會(huì)越來(lái)越普遍。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解題的解題方法，首先，宏觀瀏覽，掌握大意。不要困擾在個(gè)別詞匯的翻譯上，偶有生詞，走為上計(jì)。其次，讀懂題干，帶著問(wèn)題再去微觀細(xì)讀。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。閱讀理解題之細(xì)節(jié)理解解題要注意：1.排除干擾項(xiàng)，突出主題。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)信息，預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.

9將注意力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上，快速瀏覽。發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較，直到找到正確答案。DAcompanytestingdriverlesscarshasreceivedpermissionfromthestateofCaliforniatooperatethevehicleswithouthumandrivers.ThetestswillbecarriedoutbyCruise,theself-drivingcarcompanyownedbyGeneralMotors.CruisereportedlastweekthatitgotapermitfromtheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclestolettheself-drivingcarstravelontheirown.ThecompanyplanstohavethemoperatinginSanFranciscobytheendofthisyear.Cruiseisstilljusttestingitsself-drivingvehicles.Butitplanstoofferride-sharingservicesinmajorcitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesinthefuture.Untilnow,testinghasonlybeencarvedoutwithhumanbackupdriversinallCruisevehicles.Rulesrequiredthebackupdriverstobeinsidethecarsandreadytotakecontrolofthevehiclesifnecessary.Cruisehascompletedenoughtestingtofeelthatitisnowreadytosafelyoperatethecarswithouthumans,saidcompanyspokesmanRayWert.WertsaidthatCruisewouldgoneighborhood-by-neighborhoodinSanFranciscobeforespreadingthedriverlesscartothewholecity.ThepermissioninCaliforniafollowedasimilardecisioninArizona.ArizonastateofficialsapprovedarequestbyWaymo,acompanyownedbyGoogle’sparentcompanyAlphabetInc.,toopenitsride-sharingservicetothepublicinvehicleswithouthumandrivers.TheservicewaslaunchedlastweekinthecityofPhoenix.Progresstowarddriverlessvehiclesslowedafteronesuchvehiclehitapasser-byduringatestinTempe,Arizona,in2018.ThatvehiclewasoperatedbyUberTechnologies.StevenShladoverisaresearchengineerattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Hehasstudiedself-drivingfor40years.ShladoversaidthatalthoughCruiseandWaymoprogramtheirvehiclestodrivemoreconservativelythanhumans,bothstillneedtoprogresssafely.HenotedthatCruisewillfirstuseitsvehiclesineasierareasinSanFranciscobeforesendingthemintocomplextrafficsituations.12.WhathasCruisedoneuntilnow?A.Ithasdonedriverlesscartestinginotherstates.B.Ithashelpedothercompaniestesttheirself-drivingcars.C.Ithascompletedsometestingwithhumandrivers.D.Ithasofferedride-sharingservicesusingself-drivingcars.13.Whatcausedthetestingofself-drivingcarstoslowdown?A.Taxidrivers’fearoflosingtheirjobs.B.Thehighcostofdoingitinbigcities.

10C.Anaccidentcausedbyaself-drivingvehicle.D.Thesmallnumberofcompaniestakingpartinit.14.WhichofthefollowingdoesStevenShladoveragreewith?A.Self-drivingvehiclesshouldn’tgowithoutsafety.B.Self-drivingvehiclesdrivelesscarefullythanhumans.C.Self-drivingvehiclescan’tgetintocomplextrafficsituations.D.Companiesshouldprogramtheirvehiclestodrivefaster.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CaliforniaAllowsCompanytoTestCarswithNoDriversB.TwoCompanies’Self-DrivingTestsGetApprovedC.Self-DrivingorHuman-Driving,WhichShouldWeDependon?D.CruiseorWaymo,WhichIsLeadingtheSelf-DrivingTechnology?【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了Cruise公司收到加利福尼亞州允許其進(jìn)行無(wú)人類備用司機(jī)在車內(nèi)的自動(dòng)駕駛實(shí)驗(yàn)的消息。文章附帶介紹了無(wú)人駕駛方面的進(jìn)度、相關(guān)公司和相關(guān)研究者們的觀點(diǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Untilnow,testinghasonlybeencarvedoutwithhumanbackupdriversinallCruisevehicles.Rulesrequiredthebackupdriverstobeinsidethecarsandreadytotakecontrolofthevehiclesifnecessary.(到目前為止，測(cè)試僅在Cruise車輛有人類后備司機(jī)的情況下進(jìn)行。規(guī)定要求后備司機(jī)必須待在車內(nèi)，并隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備在必要時(shí)控制車輛)”可知，到目前為止，Cruise已經(jīng)在有人類司機(jī)的情況下完成了一些測(cè)試。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Progresstowarddriverlessvehiclesslowedafteronesuchvehiclehitapasser-byduringatestinTempe,Arizona,in2018.(2018年，在亞利桑那州坦佩市進(jìn)行的無(wú)人駕駛汽車測(cè)試中，一輛無(wú)人駕駛汽車撞上了一名路人，之后無(wú)人駕駛汽車的研發(fā)進(jìn)程放緩)”可知，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車引起的事故導(dǎo)致自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的測(cè)試減速。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ShladoversaidthatalthoughCruiseandWaymoprogramtheirvehiclestodrivemoreconservativelythanhumans,bothstillneedtoprogresssafely.(Shladover表示，盡管Cruise和Waymo對(duì)他們的汽車進(jìn)行了比人類駕駛更保守的編程，但它們?nèi)匀恍枰踩旭?”可知，StevenShladover

11認(rèn)為自動(dòng)駕駛汽車不應(yīng)該沒(méi)有安全保障。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“AcompanytestingdriverlesscarshasreceivedpermissionfromthestateofCaliforniatooperatethevehicleswithouthumandrivers.(一家測(cè)試無(wú)人駕駛汽車的公司獲得了加利福尼亞州的許可，可以在無(wú)人駕駛的情況下操作車輛)”結(jié)合文章主要報(bào)道了Cruise公司收到加利福尼亞州允許其進(jìn)行無(wú)人類備用司機(jī)在車內(nèi)的自動(dòng)駕駛實(shí)驗(yàn)的消息。并附帶介紹了無(wú)人駕駛方面的進(jìn)度、相關(guān)公司和相關(guān)研究者們的觀點(diǎn)。故A選項(xiàng)“加州允許公司在無(wú)人駕駛的情況下測(cè)試汽車”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Herearefivewaystoshowrespectforyoutoconsiderandhopefullyputintopractice.Listen.Listeningtowhatanotherpersonhastosayisabasicwaytorespectthem.Everyonewantstohavetheirsay.Everyonewantstofeelthatthey’rebeinglistenedto.Whethertheyhavesomethingprofoundtosayisnotthepoint.___16___Whenyougiveanotherpersonyourtimeandyourear,youshowrespectforthem.Serve.Apoetoncesaid,"Weareallhereonearthtohelpothers."Lifeonearthisaboutservingothers.Infact,ourjobsshouldbearoundadesiretoserveothersandgivebacktoothers.Servingshowsthatwecare.___17___BeKind.Thoughkindnessandservicearefirstcousins,theyaren’tthesame.Wecanservewithoutbeingkind.____18____Whenwe’rekindtosomeone,we’regivingofourselves.We’regivingsomethingtheycanuseormaybesomethingtheybadlyneed.Wehaveallbeeninneed.Andwhatareliefitiswhensomeoneshowsuskindness.BePolite.Anactofpolitenesscanchangeaperson’sday.Itcanevenchangeaperson’slife.___19___Itcanhelpthempressonthroughwhatmaybedifficult.Someculturesareknownfortheirpoliteness.Ifyouwanttoshowrespectforsomeone,startbybeingpolite.BeThankful.Whensomeonedoessomethinggoodforyou,youshouldthankthem.It’snotsomuchthatweneedtobethanked.____20____Whenthereisnothankfulnessforsomethingwe’vedone,wefeelalackofrespect.A.Peoplewanttobeheard.B.Itcanlifttheirspiritsquickly.

12C.Andcaringshowsthatwerespect.D.Respectdoesn’talwaysrequirethankfulness.E.Butit’sverydifficulttobekindwithoutserving.F.It’sthatwewanttofeelthatwhatwe’vedonehasmadeadifference.G.Torespectsomeone,youhavetosaysomethinggoodaboutthatperson.【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.B20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了五種表示尊重方式，并且希望讀者能考慮并付諸實(shí)踐?！驹斀狻?.根據(jù)上文“Everyonewantstofeelthatthey’rebeinglistenedto.”(每個(gè)人都希望自己被傾聽(tīng)。)所以空白處可描述人們想要被傾聽(tīng)。選項(xiàng)A.“Peoplewanttobeheard.”（人們想要被傾聽(tīng)）與前文意義上形成一致，故選A。2.根據(jù)上文“Servingshowsthatwecare.”(服務(wù)表明我們關(guān)心。)可知，設(shè)空處可以寫關(guān)心表明什么。選項(xiàng)C.“Andcaringshowsthatwerespect.”（關(guān)心表明我們尊重。）與前文意義相符，故選C。3.結(jié)合本段論述的話題“BeKind.”（要友善）及根據(jù)上文“Wecanservewithoutbeingkind.”(我們可以不客氣地服務(wù)他人。)所以空白處講述的和“kind”有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)E.“Butit’sverydifficulttobekindwithoutserving.”（但是沒(méi)有服務(wù)是很難友好的。）與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，同時(shí)也和本段論述的話題有關(guān)，故選E。4.根據(jù)上文“Anactofpolitenesscanchangeaperson’sday.Itcanevenchangeaperson’slife.”(一個(gè)禮貌的行為可以改變一個(gè)人的一天，甚至可以改變一個(gè)人的生活。)結(jié)合第二個(gè)分句主語(yǔ)使用代詞“it”，可推斷，空白處論述的也是描述禮貌的作用，句子主語(yǔ)用“it”指代。選項(xiàng)B.“Itcanlifttheirspiritsquickly.”（可以讓他們很快振作起來(lái)。）與前文的意思一致，故選B。5.根據(jù)上文“It’snotsomuchthatweneedtobethanked.”(這不是說(shuō)我們需要被感謝。)可推知，空白處即為解釋我們需要的是什么。選項(xiàng)F.“It’sthatwewanttofeelthatwhatwe’vedonehasmadeadifference.”（是我們想要感受到，我們的所作所為有意義。）和前文構(gòu)成了意義上的一致，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。HunterLeininger,fromCanton,Georgia,USAhasbeendoingadventureracingsincehewas7yearsold.Now,atage19,hehassetworld___21___,traveledaroundtheglobe,andcompletedover50races!Andheisnowonamission(使命)toencourageotheryoungpeopletofollowtheirown____22____.Adventureracingisa____23____sportthatincludeslotsofdifferent___24___onunmarkedtrailsinthe

13wildernesssuchashiking,running,rafting,canoeing,biking,climbing,horsebackriding,orienteering,skiingandsailing.Racescan___25___from2hoursto2weeks!Hunterbecame___26___inadventureracingthroughhisdad,whoisanAdventureRacerhimself.Whileplayingsoccerandfootball,Hunterwaslookingtotrysomething___27___.Heaskedhisdadifhecould___28___himinanAdventureRace,andhewentonto___29___hisfirstraceinabout6hours.Hunterlovedbeingonthesameteamashisdadandhehasbeenattractedtothesporteversince.Hunterhaslearnedalotofperseverance(毅力)throughadventureracing.Therecanbealotof____30____inarace,butifyou____31____,yourwholeteamwillhaveto_____32_____.Thisisunlikeotherteamsports,likebasketballorfootball,whereyoucanstopandbe____33____byanotherplayer.Inracing,andinhislife,thesporthastaughtHuntertokeepgoingwhensituationsget_____34_____Hunterwantstoinspireyoungpeoplethattheycancomplete____35____thingsatwhateverageandthattheydon’thaveto_____36_____untiltheygetoldertogoaftertheirdreams.Thatisoneofthemostcommon____37____inoursociety,“You’renotoldenoughtostartthatbusiness;youshouldwaituntilyougetolder.”Thebiggestproblemwiththismindset(心態(tài))isthatoncepeople_____38_____theirdreamsatayoungage,theyprobablynevercomebacktothem,which____39____themnevertocompleteanything.Thebesttimetodosomethingisnow,sogoafteryourdreamsbeforeit’stoo_____40_____!21.A.clubsB.recordsC.differencesD.companies22.A.examplesB.waysC.teachersD.dreams23.A.singleB.summerC.teamD.safe24.A.activitiesB.discoveriesC.wondersD.inventions25.A.appearB.expectC.lastD.stay26.A.braveB.helpfulC.confidentD.interested27.A.newB.dangerousC.expensiveD.easy28.A.beatB.joinC.trainD.please29.A.escapeB.discussC.completeD.describe30.A.progressB.painC.experienceD.education31.A.calmdownB.dropinC.carryonD.giveup32.A.stopB.winC.continueD.increase33.A.guidedB.protectedC.noticedD.replaced34.A.strangeB.smoothC.hardD.perfect35.A.encouragingB.traditionalC.unbelievableD.pleasant

1436.A.waitB.believeC.affordD.work37.A.chancesB.excusesC.congratulationsD.answers38.A.goafterB.putoffC.setupD.putup39.A.allowsB.advisesC.requiresD.causes40.A.lateB.coldC.clearD.near【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.C36.A37.B38.B39.D40.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了19歲的HunterLeininger正在參加探險(xiǎn)速度賽來(lái)激勵(lì)青年人趁早追逐自己的夢(mèng)想?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，19歲的HunterLeininger已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了數(shù)個(gè)世界紀(jì)錄，周游全球，完成了50項(xiàng)比賽。A.clubs俱樂(lè)部；B.records記錄，錄音；C.differences偏差，差異；D.companies公司，企業(yè)。根據(jù)“andcompletedover50races”可知19歲的他已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了世界紀(jì)錄。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他現(xiàn)在的使命是鼓勵(lì)其他年輕人追隨自己的夢(mèng)想。A.examples例子；B.ways方法；C.teachers教師；D.dreams夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)下文“…untiltheygetoldertogoaftertheirdreams”可知他現(xiàn)在正通過(guò)自己的比賽來(lái)激勵(lì)其他年輕人追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：探險(xiǎn)速度賽里包括很多野外無(wú)標(biāo)記路徑上的不同種類的活動(dòng)，如徒步旅行、跑步、漂流、皮劃艇、騎自行車、爬山、騎馬、定向越野、滑雪和帆船。A.single單一的，單身的；B.summer夏季的；C.team隊(duì)；D.safe安全的。根據(jù)下文“...yourwholeteamwillhaveto　12　”和“Thisisunlikeotherteamsports”可知探險(xiǎn)速度賽是一項(xiàng)團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：探險(xiǎn)速度賽里包括很多野外無(wú)標(biāo)記路徑上的不同種類的活動(dòng)，如徒步旅行、跑步、漂流、皮劃艇、騎自行車、爬山、騎馬、定向越野、滑雪和帆船。A.activities活動(dòng)；B.discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.wonders奇觀；D.inventions發(fā)明。根據(jù)“…suchashiking,running,rafting,canoeing,biking,climbing,horsebackriding,orienteering,skiingandsailing”可知包括很多野外無(wú)標(biāo)記路徑上的不同種類的活動(dòng)。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽可以持續(xù)2小時(shí)到2周!A.appear出現(xiàn)，顯得；B.expect期待；C.last持續(xù)；

15D.stay保持。根據(jù)“from2hoursto2weeks”可知比賽可以持續(xù)2小時(shí)到2周。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特對(duì)探險(xiǎn)速度賽的興趣是他因?yàn)樗母赣H而產(chǎn)生的，他的父親本身就是一名探險(xiǎn)速度賽者。A.brave勇敢的；B.helpful有幫助的；C.confident自信的；D.interested感興趣的。be/becomeinterestedin“對(duì)……感興趣”，根據(jù)下文“Heaskedhisdadifhecould　8　himinanAdventureRace”可知是亨特對(duì)探險(xiǎn)速度賽的興趣。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在踢足球和橄欖球的時(shí)候，亨特想嘗試一些新的運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.new新的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.easy容易的。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedhisdadifhecould　　8　himinanAdventureRace”可知亨特想嘗試一些新的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他問(wèn)他的爸爸是否可以和他一起參加探險(xiǎn)速度賽，他接下來(lái)在大約6小時(shí)內(nèi)完成了他的第一次比賽。A.beat打?。籅.join參加；C.train訓(xùn)練；D.please使高興。根據(jù)“andhewentonto　9　hisfirstraceinabout6hours”可知他問(wèn)他的爸爸是否可以和他一起參加冒險(xiǎn)比賽。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他問(wèn)他的爸爸是否可以和他一起參加探險(xiǎn)速度賽，他接下來(lái)在大約6小時(shí)內(nèi)完成了他的第一次比賽。A.escape逃開(kāi)；B.discuss討論；C.complete完成；D.describe描述。根據(jù)“inabout6hours”可知他在大約6小時(shí)內(nèi)完成了他的第一次比賽。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一場(chǎng)比賽中可能有許多艱難困苦的時(shí)刻，但如果你放棄比賽，那么整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將不得不停止前進(jìn)。A.progress進(jìn)步，發(fā)展；B.pain痛苦；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；D.education教育。根據(jù)上文“Hunterhaslearnedalotofperseverance(毅力)throughadventureracing.”可知在一場(chǎng)比賽中可能會(huì)許多艱難困苦的時(shí)刻。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：在一場(chǎng)比賽中可能有許多艱難困苦的時(shí)刻，但如果你放棄比賽，那么整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將不得不停止前進(jìn)。A.calmdown平靜下來(lái)，鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)；B.dropin偶然走訪，逐漸進(jìn)入；C.carryon繼續(xù)，參與；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)下文“whereyoucanstopandbe　　13　byanotherplayer”可知如果你放棄了，你的整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將不得不停止。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一場(chǎng)比賽中可能有許多艱難困苦的時(shí)刻，但如果你放棄比賽，那么整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將不得不停止前進(jìn)。A.stop停止；B.win贏得；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.increase增加。根據(jù)下文“whereyoucan

16stopandbe　　13　byanotherplayer”可知如果你放棄了，你的整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將不得不停止。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這不像其他團(tuán)體性運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如籃球或足球比賽中你可以下場(chǎng)然后讓其他選手替你上場(chǎng)。A.guided帶領(lǐng)；B.protected保護(hù)；C.noticed注意到；D.replaced代替。根據(jù)“whereyoucanstop”可知你停下來(lái)肯定會(huì)有另一名球員代替你。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在比賽中，以及在他生活中，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)教會(huì)了亨特在遇到困難時(shí)要堅(jiān)持下去。A.strange奇怪的，陌生的；B.smooth順利的，光滑的；C.hard努力的；D.perfect完美的。根據(jù)“thesporthastaughtHuntertokeepgoing”可知這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)教會(huì)了亨特在遇到困難時(shí)要堅(jiān)持下去。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特想激勵(lì)年輕人，讓他們意識(shí)到不管自己的年齡多大，都可以做成令人難以置信的事。他們不必等到自己長(zhǎng)大后再去追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。A.encouraging令人鼓舞的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.unbelievable難以置信的；D.pleasant令人愉快的，舒適的。根據(jù)“Hunterwantstoinspireyoungpeople”可知亨特想要激勵(lì)年輕人，他們可以在任何年齡完成令人難以置信的事。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特想激勵(lì)年輕人，讓他們意識(shí)到不管自己的年齡多大，都可以做成令人難以置信的事。他們不必等到自己長(zhǎng)大后再去追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。A.wait等候；B.believe相信；C.afford買得起，給予；D.work工作，起作用。根據(jù)“youshouldwaituntilyougetolder.”可知他們不必等到他們長(zhǎng)大后再去追逐他們的夢(mèng)想。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我們這個(gè)社會(huì)最常見(jiàn)的借口之一，“你年齡還不夠大，不能去做那件事，你應(yīng)該等到你長(zhǎng)大了再去做?！盇.chances機(jī)會(huì)；B.excuses借口，理由；C.congratulations祝賀；D.answers回答，答案。根據(jù)“You’renotoldenoughtostartthatbusiness;youshouldwaituntilyougetolder.”可知這是我們這個(gè)社會(huì)最常見(jiàn)的借口之一。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：這種心態(tài)最大問(wèn)題是，一旦人們年輕時(shí)延遲追求自己的夢(mèng)想，他們很可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再想起自己的初心。A.goafter追求；B.putoff推遲，扔掉，阻止；C.setup建立；D.putup提供，建造。根據(jù)“theyprobablynevercomebacktothem”可知人們?cè)谀贻p時(shí)推遲了夢(mèng)想。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種心態(tài)最大的問(wèn)題是，一旦人們年輕時(shí)延遲追求自己的夢(mèng)想，他們很可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再想起自己的初心。A.allows允許；B.advises通知；C.requires需要；D.causes

17造成，引起。根據(jù)“oncepeople　18　　　　　theirdreamsatayoungage,theyprobablynevercomebacktothem”可知這導(dǎo)致他們永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法完成任何事情。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：成事的最佳時(shí)機(jī)就是現(xiàn)在，所以趁還來(lái)得及，去追逐你的夢(mèng)想吧！A.late遲到的；B.cold冷的；C.clear清楚的；D.near靠近的。根據(jù)“Thebesttimetodosomethingisnow”可知是趁現(xiàn)在還來(lái)得及。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Foodisnotenoughinmanypartsoftheworldtoday.Theworldpopulationisgoingtogrowfromaround7.5billiontodayto9.1billionbytheyear2050.Thatshowsfoodsafetywillbe___41___(increasing)importantfromnowon.Inanimalagricultureitisimportanttoincreaseproductionefficiency(效率).If____42____(farmer)canproducemoremeat,milkandeggs,theycanbetterfeedtheworld.Improvinganimalbreeding,nutritionandhealth___43___(mean)morefoodforhumans.Animalscientistsalsostudydifferentanimaldiets.Ifanimalscaneatfeedstuffs(飼料),wecanusemoregrainsforhumanfood.Oncethefood___44___(produce),itisimportanttokeepitfrombeingdamaged.Foodsecuritydepends___45___properfoodstorageandhandling.Animalscientistsandmeatscientistsworkhardtofindoutabout___46___wecanstoppathogens(病原體)___47___(get)toanimalproducts.Thenextstepistogetthefoodtopeople___48___needit.Someareasoftheworldaremoresuitedforagriculturalproduction.Itisimportantforcountrieswithextrafoodtoexportfoodtocountrieswithfoodthatisnotenough.Again,properstorageandhandlingareimportantforfoodtransport.Someanimalproducersalsoexportliveanimals.Animalscientistsworkwiththeseproducerstokeepanimals___49___(health)duringtheseshipments.Itisalsoimportanttoreducetheeffectoffoodproductionontheenvironment.Wearerequired___50___(make)sureland,airandwaterarekeptsafeforgenerationstocome.【答案】41.increasingly42.farmers43.means44.isproduced45.on/upon46.how47.getting

1848.who/that49.healthy50.tomake【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了世界范圍的糧食安全問(wèn)題。【41題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這表明，從現(xiàn)在起，食品安全將變得越來(lái)越重要。根據(jù)形容詞important可知此處要用副詞。故填increasingly?！?2題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：如果農(nóng)民能生產(chǎn)更多的肉、奶和蛋，他們就能更好地養(yǎng)活全世界。根據(jù)主句主語(yǔ)they指代上文提到的人，由此可知此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，作從句的主語(yǔ)。故填farmers?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：改善動(dòng)物飼養(yǎng)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)和健康意味著人類有更多的食物。描述事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)Improvinganimalbreeding，nutritionandhealth，可知此處是謂語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填means?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：一旦食物被生產(chǎn)出來(lái)，防止它被破壞是很重要的。分析可知，此處為從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知表一般的情況，且food與produce之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且food為不可數(shù)名詞。故填isproduced?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：糧食安全取決于正確的糧食儲(chǔ)存和處理。固定短語(yǔ)dependon/upon“取決于，依賴，依靠”。故填on/upon。【46題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的疑問(wèn)詞。句意：動(dòng)物科學(xué)家和肉類科學(xué)家努力尋找如何可以阻止病原體傳播到動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品上。由介詞about可知此處是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，分析賓語(yǔ)從句可知，從句成分完整，但缺少“如何”之意，因此要用連接副詞how，表示方式。故填how。【47題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：動(dòng)物科學(xué)家和肉類科學(xué)家努力尋找如何可以阻止病原體傳播到動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品上。固定短語(yǔ)stopsb.（from）doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填getting?！?8題詳解】

19考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。句意：下一步是將這些食物送到需要的人手中。分析句子可知，此處是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為people，定語(yǔ)從句needit中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此要用關(guān)系代詞who/that。故填who/that?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：動(dòng)物科學(xué)家與這些生產(chǎn)商合作，在運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中保持動(dòng)物的健康。短語(yǔ)keepsb./sth.adj.“（使）保持/處于某種狀態(tài)”，用形容詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填healthy。【50題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們必須確保子孫后代的土地、空氣和水的安全。此處為requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)sbberequiredtodosth.“某人被要求做某事”，此處不定式為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填tomake。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下而寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。DearSirorMadam,Ihavelearnedoftheposterthatanexhibitionofintelligentrobotswillheldinyourmuseum.Now,I'mwritingtoaskformoreinformationsaboutit.Firstly,couldyoupleasetellmehowmanyrobotswillbeonshowbutwhattherobotsaremainusedfor?Secondly,Iwanttoknowiftherewillbeanyperformancesgivingbytherobotsoranygamesinthatwecanplayagainsttherobots.What’sthemore,IwonderwhetherIshouldbookedticketsfortheexhibitionnow.Iwouldbegratefulwhetheryoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】1.of→from/in2.will后加be3.informations→information4.but→and

205.main→mainly6.giving→given7.that→which8.刪除the9.booked→book10.whether→if【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要描述對(duì)于智能機(jī)器人展覽想了解更多信息。【詳解】1.考查介詞。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你們博物館將舉辦智能機(jī)器人展。固定短語(yǔ)：learnfrom/in意為“從......了解到”，故of改為from/in。2.考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意同上。分析句子可知，anexhibitionofintelligentrobots與動(dòng)詞hold為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以hold要用被動(dòng)，結(jié)合本句的時(shí)態(tài)，所以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+be+過(guò)去分詞，故will后加be。3.考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，我寫信來(lái)詢問(wèn)更多的信息。information為不可數(shù)名詞，所以informations改為information。故informations改為information。4.考查并列連詞。句意：首先，你能告訴我有多少機(jī)器人要展出，這些機(jī)器人主要用來(lái)做什么嗎？分析句子可知，本句為并列句，“howmany...onshow”和“what...usedfor?”兩個(gè)分句不存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，僅表示并列，所以but改為and。故but改為and。5.考查副詞。句意同上。結(jié)合本句中usedfor，可知，此處用副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，故main改為mainly。6.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：其次，我想知道是否會(huì)有機(jī)器人的表演，或者我們可以和機(jī)器人玩的游戲。performances與give在邏輯上為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以give要用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，故giving改為given。7.考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意同上。分析句子可知，名詞games為先行詞，其后內(nèi)容為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)合關(guān)系詞用法，要用關(guān)系副詞where，關(guān)系副詞where可以用inwhich替換，所以that改為which。故that改為which。8.考查固定表達(dá)。句意：另外，我想知道我是否應(yīng)該現(xiàn)在訂展覽會(huì)的門票。固定表達(dá)：what'smore，表示“而且，另外”，不需要冠詞。故刪除the。9.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意同上。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞原形，所以booked改為book。故booked改為book。10.考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你能早點(diǎn)給我答復(fù)，我將不勝感激。固定句式：Iwouldbegratefulif...，意為“如果......我將不勝感激”，if為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故whether改為if。第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)

2152.假定你是李華，你家即將搬到另外一個(gè)城市，因此你需要轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給外教Mr.Smith寫一封信，內(nèi)容包括：1.辭行原因和時(shí)間；2.想對(duì)老師說(shuō)的話。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMr.Smith,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Respectfully,LiHua【答案】DearMr.Smith,IwritetoyoutobidyoufarewellasIamleavingschoolnextweektotransfertoanotherhighschool.MyfamilyismovingtoanothercityandIwillbemovingtheretootocontinuemystudies.ThemoveisquitesuddenandIwouldhavelikedtofinishmystudiesfirst,butthemoveisnecessaryforus.IwanttotellyouthatyouarethebestteacherIhaveeverhad.YouhavebecomeaclosefriendtomeandIwillmissthelessonsthatyouteachus.IknowtheselessonswillhelpmeasIbeginlifeinanothercity.Iwishyouthebestinyourcareer.Respectfully,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給外教Jim寫封郵件，表達(dá)辭行原因和時(shí)間以及想要對(duì)老師說(shuō)的話?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：并列結(jié)構(gòu)第一部分為陳述辭行的原因和時(shí)間，第二部分是自己想對(duì)老師說(shuō)的話。要求：

221.辭行原因和時(shí)間；2.想對(duì)老師說(shuō)的話。第二步：列提綱（重點(diǎn)詞組）bidyoufarewell;transfertoanotherhighschool;continuemystudies;sudden;necessaryforus;missthelessons.第三步：連詞成句1.IwritetoyoutobidyoufarewellasIamleavingschoolnextweektotransfertoanotherhighschool.2.ThemoveisquitesuddenandIwouldhavelikedtofinishmystudiesfirst,butthemoveisnecessaryforus.3.IwanttotellyouthatyouarethebestteacherIhaveeverhad.4.YouhavebecomeaclosefriendtomeandIwillmissthelessonsthatyouteachus.第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）1.表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：but,However,2.表因果關(guān)系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]IwritetoyoutobidyoufarewellasIamleavingschoolnextweektotransfertoanotherhighschool.該句是復(fù)合句。后半句as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。使用高分詞組“bidyoufarewell，transfertoanotherhighschool.”[高分句型2]ThemoveisquitesuddenandIwouldhavelikedtofinishmystudiesfirst,butthemoveisnecessaryforus.該句前半句and連接兩個(gè)并列句，后半句but引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。采用高分詞匯sudden，necessary。[高分句型3]IwanttotellyouthatyouarethebestteacherIhaveeverhad.該句是復(fù)合句。前半部分tellsbthat中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，做tell的直接賓語(yǔ)。后半部分是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，thebestteacher是先行詞，省略了關(guān)系代詞that，在從句中做had的賓語(yǔ)。