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哈師大附中2023級高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試卷本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分150分??荚嚂r間為120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemandislikeabouttheshirt?A.Thematerial.B.Thedesign.C.Thecolor.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotothecleaner’s.B.Dosomeshopping.C.VisitJim.3.Whereisthewomancatchaconnectingtrain?A.InLiverpool.B.InBermingham.C.InLondon.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Colleagues.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thehorribleweather.B.Alatebus.C.Achallengingjob.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomando?A.ShewatchedashowB.Sheactedinaplay.C.Shetriedoutfortheleadrole.7.WhatdoesthemanthinkofJohn’sperformance?第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 A.Dull.B.Natural.C.Surprising.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whenwillthemansighupforthestudygroup?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoaboutthesession?A.Decideonasubject.B.Showupontime.C.Reviewthelesson.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononTim’sCafe?A.Topquality.B.Belowaverage.C.Surprisinglybad.11.Whatisthemanresponsibleforatthenewjob?A.Analyzingdataonline.B.Receivingcustomers’orders.C.Enteringinformationintoacomputer.12.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Haveaburger.B.Playbasketball.C.Gosnowboarding.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whyisthemanmeetingthewoman?A.Togettreatmentforhissensitivity.B.Tohaveahealthcheck-up.C.Tobuysomemedicine.14.Howdoesthemankeephisweightdown?A.Byavoidingjunk.B.Byeatingless.C.Byworkingout.15.WhatcouldJulieprobablybe?A.Adoctor.B.Anurse.C.Achemist.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Cutdownonsaltintake.B.Checkhisbloodpressure.C.Goonadiet.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhereisBaxter’sHardwareStore?A.Attheentrance.B.Nexttoabakery.C.AcrossfromKay’s.第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 18.WhatistheCarter’s?A.Asupermarket.B.Achemistshop.C.Anelectronicsstore.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheGibson’sMall?A.Itopensdaily.B.Itchargesforparking.C.Ithasaroofgardenforchildren.20.Whyisthetalkgiven?A.Toattractmorecustomers.B.Toencouragelocalinvestment.C.Torecommendrecreationalactivities.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhenitcomestohiking,Greecehassomethingforeverykindofwalker.Themainlandboasts(擁有)well-maintainedroutes,whileonthecountry’sislandsyou’llfindancientpathsdatingbacktoByzantinetimesconnectingsleepyvillageswithbeautifulsandycoves(小海灣).Here’sourpickofGreece’sbesthikes.SamariaGorge(峽谷),Crete16kilometers(10miles),4hoursHikingthe16-kilometerSamariaGorgeisconsideredoneofCrete’smust-doexperiences,whichiswhyyou’llrarelybewithoutcompany.Nevertheless,there’sanundeniablerawbeautytoSamaria,wherevertical(垂直的)wallssoarupto500metersandarejust3.5metersapartatthenarrowestpoint(150metersatthebroadest).Thehikebeginsat1,230metersatXyloskalojustsouthofOmalosandendsinthecoastalvillageofAgiaRoumeli.It’sespeciallyscenicinAprilandMay,whenwildflowersbrightentheroute.MtOhisummithike,Evia8kilometers(5miles),3to4hoursThesummitofMtOhi(ProfitisIlias;1,398m),lesser-visitedEvia’sthird-highestpeak,iscrownedbymysteriousancientdragonhouses:7thcenturyBCarchitecture,madefromrocksweighingseveraltons.FromMyli,it’san8-kilometerhiketothesummit(threetofourhours).It’spossibletostayovernightatthe1,000-meter-highrefugethenhikeupMtOhitocatchthesunrise(30第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 minutes),whichmakesforamagicalexperience.ContactSouthEviaToursorEviaAdventureToursfordetails.DelphitoKirraWalk,CentralGreece14kilometers(9miles),3to4hoursThis14-kilometerdownhillhikefollowsacenturies-oldpathwayfromhistoricDelphitotheancientportofKirra,justeastofmodernIteaonthesoutherncoastofmainlandGreece.ThehikestartsfromtheE4long-distancestartingpoint100meterseastoftheHotelAcropole.SkirtingthevillageofCrissa,itgoestothegulf(海灣)throughGreece’slargestolivegarden.Afteryourthree-to-four-hourhike,andlunchoraswim,youcanreturntoDelphibybus(around2euros).HiketotheTombofKleobolus,Rhodes5kilometers(3miles),2hoursAneasy,enjoyable5-kilometer(two-hour)round-triphikeescapesLindostoreachtheso-calledTombofKleobolus.StartingalongsideCarPark1abovethemainbeach,therouteendsatarockyhilltoppedbyacirculartombactuallybuiltduringthe2ndcenturyBC,longafterKleobolusruledRhodes.1.WhatistherawbeautyofSamaria?AHighandnarrowgorges.B.Magicalsunset.C.Wildflowersthroughouttheyear.D.Mysteriouslargerocks.2.WhatwillvisitorsseeduringtheMtOhisummithike,Evia?A.Ancientbuildings.B.Evia’shighestpeak.C.Acirculartomb.D.Greece’slargestolivegarden.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheDelphitoKirraWalk?A.ItletsvisitorsexperiencethemodernworldofGreece.B.VisitorsarerecommendedtogetbacktoDelphibyship.C.Therouteconnectstwoplaceswithalonghistory.D.Itisachallengingroutethrougharockyhill.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了希臘四個適合徒步旅行的旅游景點和路線?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SamariaGorge(峽谷),Crete部分中“Nevertheless,there’sanundeniablerawbeautytoSamaria,wherevertical(垂直的)wallssoarupto500metersandarejust3.5metersapartatthenarrowestpoint(150metersatthebroadest).(然而,撒瑪利亞有一種不可否認的原始之美,那里的垂直墻壁高達500第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 米,最窄的地方只有3.5米(最寬的地方有150米)。)”可知,撒瑪利亞有一種不可否認的原始之美即又高又窄的峽谷。故選A?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)MtOhisummithike,Evia部分中“ThesummitofMtOhi(ProfitisIlias;1,398m),lesser-visitedEvia’sthird-highestpeak,iscrownedbymysteriousancientdragonhouses:7thcenturyBCarchitecture,madefromrocksweighingseveraltons.?(Ohi山的頂峰(ProfittisIlias—1398米高,是埃維亞的第三高峰,游客較少,被神秘的古代龍屋所覆蓋:公元前7世紀的建筑,由重達數(shù)噸的巖石制成。)”可知,此處有被神秘的古代龍屋所覆蓋:公元前7世紀的建筑,由重達數(shù)噸的巖石制成。故對古代建筑感興趣的游客們可以選在此處徒步旅行。故選A?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?DelphitoKirraWalk,CentralGreece部分中“This14-kilometerdownhillhikefollowsacenturies-oldpathwayfromhistoricDelphitotheancientportofKirra,justeastofmodernIteaonthesoutherncoastofmainlandGreece.(這條14公里的下坡徒步旅行沿著一條數(shù)百年歷史的小路,從歷史悠久的德爾菲到古老的港口基拉,就在希臘大陸南部海岸的現(xiàn)代伊特亞以東。)”可知,這條路線連接了兩個歷史悠久的地方即歷史悠久的德爾菲到古老的港口基拉。故選C。BToday,I’vebeenrecordinganaudiobook.IamexcitedthatIhaverealizedmylife-longdream.IwillneverforgetatprimaryschoolIusedtowaitwithbreathlessanticipationtotakemyturnreadingoutaparagraphofgreatworksinfront.Atmysecondaryschool,whenstudentswereencouragedtoselectandpresentareadingat“morningtalk”,Ioftenaddedmynametothelist.Thiswasallhandybackgroundformycareerinbroadcasting.But,muchasIenjoyhostingshowsandinterviewingpeople,Ioftenfindmyselfmissingthesimplepleasuresofreadingoutloud.I’dthoughtaboutputtingmyselfforwardasanarratorforaudiobooks.ButI’mnotanactor.Ican’tdoregionalaccentsorplayfemalevoice.Non-fiction,then,seemedtheobvioustarget,butIfeltthatsuchbookswerebestreadbytheiroriginalauthors.Ifitwereauthors’ownvoice,theirstorieswouldtouchme.Recently,deliveringmyson’snightlybedtimestoryhasreawakenedmyloveforreadingoutloud—highlightssofarhaveincludedCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryandCharlotte’sWeb.ButIneverthoughtI’dgettheopportunitytodoitprofessionally.Then,lastmonth,IwascontactedbyJamesPlunkett,writerofEndState,aforthcomingbookaboutpoliticalideas.Hehadnodesiretoreadhisbookoutloud,butasafanofmyprogram,hethoughtImightdoareasonablejob.第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 So,I’vespentthisweekinastudio,simplyreadingstuffoutloud.AndI’mLOVINGIT!Mindyou,it’sanentirelyunexpectedexperience.It’sdishearteningwhentherecordingneedstobestoppedbecauseI’vejustcarelesslyskippedovera“the”,orhadtoclearmythroat,orcatchmybreath.I’vealsolearnedhowmanywordsI’vebeenmispronouncingmyentirelife:behaviouralisBE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL,notBE-HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL.Thoughtacklingthis339-pagebookdoesn’tturnouttobethateasy,I’vefoundthewholeprocessawesome,andhopethisbecomesthefirstofmany.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioninghisexperiencesatschool?A.Thepowerofdreaming.B.Hisloveforreadingaloud.C.Theimpactofschooling.D.Histalentforreading.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A.HeregretsbeingaTVhost.B.Hehasnotastefornon-fiction.C.Hehasrichactingexperience.D.Heisawareofhisdisadvantages.6.Whycouldtheauthorgetthejobasanarrator?A.Hewasspecificallyinvited.BHeappliedforitinperson.C.Helovedreadingbedtimestories.D.Hehadabigcrowdoffans.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbeinganarrator?A.Demandingbutenjoyable.B.Riskybutfruitful.C.Tiringbutstress-free.D.Boringbutrewarding.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者喜歡朗讀,成為朗讀者是他的夢想。作者的堅持最終讓他獲得了成為專業(yè)朗讀者的機會。第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“IwillneverforgetatprimaryschoolIusedtowaitwithbreathlessanticipationtotakemyturnreadingoutaparagraphofgreatworksinfront.Atmysecondaryschool,whenstudentswereencouragedtoselectandpresentareadingat“morningtalk”,Ioftenaddedmynametothelist.(我永遠不會忘記上小學(xué)時,我總是屏息以待,等著輪到我朗讀面前的一段名著。在我上中學(xué)的時候,當學(xué)校鼓勵學(xué)生在“晨間談話”中選擇并朗讀一篇閱讀材料時,我經(jīng)常把自己的名字加到名單上)”可知,作者小學(xué)時,經(jīng)常期待著能輪到自己閱讀作品,在中學(xué)時經(jīng)常把自己的名字添加到朗讀者的名單中,由此推知,作者提及在上學(xué)期間的經(jīng)歷是為了表明自己對朗讀的熱愛。故選B項?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“I’dthoughtaboutputtingmyselfforwardasanarratorforaudiobooks.ButI’mnotanactor.Ican’tdoregionalaccentsorplayfemalevoice.(我曾想過讓自己成為有聲讀物的旁白。但我不是演員。我不會講地方口音,也不會扮演女聲)”可知,作者意識到自己還有很多的不足。故選D項?!?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Then,lastmonth,IwascontactedbyJamesPlunkett,authorofEndState,aforthcomingbookaboutpoliticalideas.Hehadnodesiretoreadhisbookoutloud,butasafanofmyprogram,hethoughtImightdoareasonablejob.(然后,上個月,詹姆斯·普倫基特聯(lián)系了我,他是即將出版的一本關(guān)于政治理念的書《終結(jié)狀態(tài)》的作者。他不想大聲朗讀他的書,但作為我的節(jié)目的粉絲,他認為我可能會做得不錯)”可知,作者受到《終結(jié)狀態(tài)》的作者詹姆斯·普倫基特的專門邀請,所以成為一名朗讀者的。故選A項?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“It’sdishearteningwhentherecordingneedstobestoppedbecauseI’vejustcarelesslyskippedovera“the”,orhadtoclearmythroat,orcatchmybreath.(當我不小心跳過了一個“the”,或者不得不清嗓子,或者喘口氣時,錄音需要停止,這是令人沮喪的)”可知,在錄制過程中出現(xiàn)一點點問題都會重新錄制,說明這種工作要求很高,結(jié)合尾段中的“Thoughtacklingthis339-pagebookdoesn’tturnouttobethateasy,I’vefoundthewholeprocessawesome,andhopethisbecomesthefirstofmany.(雖然處理這本339頁的書并不容易,但我發(fā)現(xiàn)整個過程很棒,希望這成為許多書中的第一)”可知,作者覺得盡管不是容易,但是這個過程感覺很棒。由此推知,作者認為當朗讀者是一份要求高但令人愉快的工作。故選A項。CPeoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandom第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 samplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”8.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfind?A.Howwevolunteermakessensetoothers.B.Howoftenwevolunteermakesadifference.C.Whetherwevolunteerdecidesourwell-being.D.Whywevolunteerhasanimpactonourhealth.9.Howdidtheresearchersdothestudy?A.Byanalyzingstatistics.B.Byratingvolunteers’performances.C.Bydoinglabexperiments.D.Bygroupingparticipantsrandomly.10.Whichofthefollowingmotiveswillprobablycontributetoalongerlife?A.Todevelopabilities.B.Tomakemorefriends.C.Tohelpthepoorpeople.D.Tosolvepersonalproblems.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Practicalsuggestionsonfurtherstudies.B.Afurtherexplanationofthecurrentfindings.C.Potentialapplicationsoftheresearchmethod.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchresults.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本篇文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),即人們做志愿的動機影響著人們的健康。第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.(研究表明,樂于奉獻的人壽命更長?,F(xiàn)在,密歇根大學(xué)的一項新研究表明,真正重要的是人們?yōu)槭裁匆鲋驹刚?,而不是他們是否做志愿?”可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們?yōu)槭裁醋栽福ㄗ鲋驹刚撸?、而不是是否做志愿者,才是真正重要的東西;第二段“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.(在這項研究中,康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的數(shù)據(jù),這些數(shù)據(jù)是針對3376人的隨機樣本??偟膩碚f,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),曾經(jīng)做過志愿者的人中,只有2.3%的人去世了,而非志愿者的這一比例為4.3%。他們進一步發(fā)現(xiàn),志愿者的數(shù)量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡,而臨時志愿者的死亡率為2.5%)”主要說明了志愿者比不做志愿的活得更長;第三段“Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.(但真正起作用的是人們志愿服務(wù)的動機。研究人員讓人們對他們認為的各種志愿活動原因的重要性進行打分,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),那些認為對有需要的人感到同情等原因越重要的人,他們活下來的可能性就越大。那些認為與個人利益相關(guān)的動機更重要的人更有可能死亡,而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一樣。這些原因包括志愿活動是因為他們喜歡社會接觸,逃避自己的問題,或探索自己的優(yōu)勢)”說明了人們志愿服務(wù)的動機影響著死亡率,綜合這三段可知人們?yōu)槭裁醋鲋驹刚呤菍ψ约旱慕】涤杏绊懙摹9蔬xD項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.(在這項研究中,康拉斯和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的數(shù)據(jù),這些數(shù)據(jù)是針對3376人的隨機樣本??偟膩碚f,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),曾經(jīng)做過志愿者的人中,只有2.3%第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 的人去世了,而非志愿者的這一比例為4.3%。他們進一步發(fā)現(xiàn),志愿者的數(shù)量也很重要——只有1.8%的定期志愿者死亡,而臨時志愿者的死亡率為2.5%)”提到研究人員分析了2008和2012年針對3376人的相同隨機樣本收集的數(shù)據(jù),同時這一段也列舉了實驗中的諸多數(shù)據(jù),比如2.3%、4.3%等等,這就說明研究人員是通過統(tǒng)計分析數(shù)據(jù)來進行這項研究的。故選A項?!?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.(那些認為與個人利益相關(guān)的動機更重要的人更有可能死亡,而且和那些根本不做志愿者的人一樣)”可知,如果這個人的志愿服務(wù)的動機是為了自己的利益,那么他的死亡率和那些不做志愿的人是一樣的,因此我們應(yīng)該選擇“為別人利益”的選項,因此C“幫助窮人”符合這一條件。故選C項?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”(康拉斯說,目前的研究結(jié)果表明,鼓勵人們做志愿者可能不是一個好主意,因為這對他們有好處。“志愿服務(wù)在學(xué)校和組織中越來越受到鼓勵。一些團體認為,為自己謀取利益是可以的,并鼓勵人們將志愿服務(wù)視為個人利益的交換。一些團體強調(diào)通過志愿服務(wù)獲得的健康益處?!笨道匮a充說:“當然,志愿者期望自己得到好處是合理的。但如果一個人的主要動機是自我利益,那么志愿服務(wù)的潛在健康益處就會大大降低?!?”可知,最后一段主要講對當前發(fā)現(xiàn)的進一步解釋。故選B。DYoujerk(猛然一動)awakeinthemiddleofthenightinconfusion.Isthereafigurestandinginthecorneroftheroom?Yourbrainbegsyourlegstomove,butnothinghappens.Theanxietyincreases.Youreyesscantheroom.Justasyou’reabouttohitpeakpanic,yousitupandthefiguredisappears.You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(癱瘓),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.Butwhensleepparalysishappensoutsideofdeepsleep—whenapersonisjustdozingoff—itcanbe第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 “disruptiveofthearchitectureofsleep,”saidBalandJalal,aresearcherwhoinvestigatesthephenomenon.Thatcouldleadtomoresleepparalysis.Whilenoteveryonewhohassleepparalysisexperienceshallucinations(幻覺),seeingapersonoraghostintheroomisthemostcommonvision,saidJalal.Themechanismsbehindsleepparalysisremainunclear,butresearchindicatesthatcertainriskfactorsmayincreasethelikelihoodofexperiencingajerk,includingextremeexercisebeforesleep,inadequatesleep,emotionalstressandworry,andexcessivestimulantconsumption(likecaffeineandnicotine),especiallylaterintheday.“Formostpeople,itisnotindicativeofanykindofdisease.Ifyouarereallyworriedaboutit,regularsleepandothersimplerelaxationtechniques,likemeditation,deepbreathingandyoga,mayhelp,”saidDr.NathanielWatson,presidentoftheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine.Whiletheexperiencefeelsfrightening,theepisodeslastonlyafewsecondsorminutesatmost.Mostpeopleslipoutofitasquicklyastheyfellintoit,hesaid.12.Whatissleepparalysis?A.Afrighteningdreamthatinterruptssleep.B.Aphysicalsymptomofanxietydisorders.C.Amentaldiseasethataffectssleepquality.D.Abriefstateofbeingconsciousbutfrozen.13.Whatdopeoplewhohavesleepparalysisoftenexperience?A.Involuntarycough.B.Unrealsensation.C.Sharpenedvision.D.Sustainedimmobility.14.WhatdoesDr.NathanielWatsonsayaboutsleepparalysis?AItiscausedbyinadequatesleep.B.Itcanbeawarningsignalofdiseases.C.Itisatemporarydisturbingexperience.D.Itcanbepreventedbyextremeexercise.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CommonMythsAboutSleepParalysisB.SleepParalysis:HowItAffectsSleepPatternsC.WaystoPreventandCopewithSleepParalysisD.SleepParalysis:WhyWeJerkAwakeandCan’tMove【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文講述了睡眠癱瘓這一現(xiàn)象,睡眠癱瘓是一段在睡眠時發(fā)生的清醒卻不能移動的感覺,分析出現(xiàn)睡眠癱瘓的原因。第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(癱瘓),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.(你剛剛經(jīng)歷了睡眠癱瘓,這是專家給睡眠中發(fā)生的各種奇怪的事情起的名字。當大腦暫時使身體失去功能,以防止它在REM睡眠期間發(fā)生生動的夢時,就會發(fā)生這種情況。它通常伴隨著一種不動的感覺,和一種窒息的感覺。好消息是,這是絕對正常的,即使這很可怕。)”可知,睡眠癱瘓是一種有意識的但僵住的短暫狀態(tài)。故選D?!?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Youjerk(猛然一動)awakeinthemiddleofthenightinconfusion.Isthereafigurestandinginthecorneroftheroom?Yourbrainbegsyourlegstomove,butnothinghappens.Theanxietyincreases.Youreyesscantheroom.Justasyou’reabouttohitpeakpanic,yousitupandthefiguredisappears.(你會在半夜莫名其妙地驚醒。房間的角落里站著一個人影嗎?你的大腦讓你的腿動起來,但什么也沒發(fā)生。焦慮加劇。你的眼睛掃視著房間。就在你即將達到恐慌的頂峰時,你坐起來,那個身影消失了)”可知,經(jīng)歷睡眠癱瘓的人會有不真實的感覺。故選B?!?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的““Formostpeople,itisnotindicativeofanykindofdisease.Ifyouarereallyworriedaboutit,regularsleepandothersimplerelaxationtechniques,likemeditation,deepbreathingandyoga,mayhelp,”saidDr.NathanielWatson,presidentoftheAmericanAcademyofSleepMedicine.(“對大多數(shù)人來說,這并不意味著任何疾病。如果你真的擔心這個問題,有規(guī)律的睡眠和其他簡單的放松技巧,比如冥想、深呼吸和瑜伽,可能會有所幫助,”美國睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)會主席納撒尼爾·沃森博士說)”可知,納撒尼爾·沃森博士認為睡眠癱瘓不是疾病,只是短暫地令人不安的經(jīng)歷。故選C?!?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“You’vejustexperiencedsleepparalysis(癱瘓),whichisthenameexpertsgivetoallsortsofweirdthingsthatoccurduringsleep.IthappenswhenthebraintemporarilydisablesthebodytopreventitfromactingoutthevividdreamsoccurringduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep.Itoftencomeswithafeelingofimmobility,andasenseofchoking.Thegoodnewsis,it’sabsolutelynormal,evenifit’sterrifying.(你剛剛經(jīng)歷了睡眠癱瘓,這是專家給睡眠中發(fā)生的各種奇怪的事情起的名字。當大腦暫時使身體失去功能,以防止它在REM睡眠期間發(fā)生生動的夢時,就會發(fā)生這種情況。它通常伴隨著一種不動的感覺,和一種窒息的感覺。好消息是,這是絕對正常的,即使這很可怕。)第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 ”以及下文的分析可知,本文講述了睡眠癱瘓這一現(xiàn)象,睡眠癱瘓是一段在睡眠時發(fā)生的清醒卻不能移動的感覺,分析出現(xiàn)睡眠癱瘓的原因。因此推斷D項“睡眠癱瘓:為什么我們會突然醒來卻不能動”可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.____16____Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.____17____Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.____18____Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositivethoughts.____19____Thisway,yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurvive.Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteranangryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(腎上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.____20____A.Stoptryingtomanageyouranger.B.Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?C.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.D.That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.E.Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.F.Takingpositivestepswillhelpyouovercomefeelingsofanger.G.Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種可以幫助對抗憤怒的方法。第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.(憤怒是最具破壞性的情緒。當你脾氣不好的時候,你會草率地做出你可能會后悔的決定。你也會后悔不經(jīng)思考就說出魯莽的語言)”以及后文“Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.(這里有一些方法可以幫助你克服憤怒的根源)”可知,空處應(yīng)是過渡句,由生氣的壞處過渡到如何克服憤怒,所以B項“Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?(怎樣才能控制憤怒呢?)”符合文意。故選B項?!?7題詳解】分析設(shè)空,位于段首,是本段的中心句,所以根據(jù)后文“Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.(你必須接受有時事情會出錯,人們并不總是可愛的。試著接受別人的行為方式會讓你既沮喪又生氣。通常,可能會有一個很好的理由來解釋為什么一個人的行為讓你無法接受)”可知,本段主要講述了你需要改變你對世界運作方式的態(tài)度,所以E項“Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.(你需要改變你對世界運作方式的態(tài)度)”符合文意。故選E項?!?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.(意識到人無完人是避免生氣的好開始)”以及后文“Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.(他們的行為也不會和你在特定情況下的行為一樣)”可知,本段主要講述了,不要用自己的標準去看待他人,所以G項“Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.(此外,你需要接受并不是每個人都有和你一樣的標準)”符合本段主題。故選G項?!?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositivethoughts.(憤怒是一個很難改掉的習慣。訣竅是在面對通常令人憤怒的情況時避免做出反應(yīng)。憤怒是一種消極的反應(yīng),但在這種情況下,形成積極的想法是沒有價值的)”可知,本段主要講述了不要在憤怒的情況下做出反應(yīng),所以C項“Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.(你要學(xué)會完全不回應(yīng))”符合本段主題。故選C項。【20題詳解】分析設(shè)空,位于段尾,是對前文的總結(jié),根據(jù)前文“Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteran第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 angryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(腎上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.(當你生氣的時候,不要輕易就范。當我們生氣的時候,我們都會想要扔?xùn)|西,打東西,或者尖叫。你可能會說你在生氣后感覺好多了,但那只是你生氣時身體釋放的腎上腺素的后遺癥。這樣的反應(yīng)很簡單。要想保持冷靜,遠離沖突,或者深呼吸,正常行事,都要困難得多)”可知,D項“That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.(然而,如果你要停止憤怒,那就是你必須做的)”符合文意,和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,總結(jié)前文。故選D項。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MyfatherbroughthomeasailboatwhenIwasten,andalmosteachSundayinsummerswewouldgosailing.Dadwasquiteskilledinsailing,butnotgoodat____21____.Asforme,I____22____bothbeforetwelvebecauseoflivingclosetoLakeOntario.ThelasttimeDadandIsetsailtogetherwasreallyunforgettable.ItwasaperfectweekendafterIgraduatedfromuniversity.Icamehomeand____23____Dadtogosailing.Outwesetsoononthe____24____lake.Dadhadn’tsailedforyears,buteverythingwentwellwiththetiller(舵柄)inhishands.Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit____25____.Dadwasalwaysathisbestinany____26____,butatthismomenthe____27____.“John!____28____!”heshoutedinatremblingvoice,withthetillerstillinhishands.Inmymemoryhecouldfixany____29____.HewastheoneIalways____30____forstrengthandsecurity.BeforeIcouldrespond,awaveofwatergotintotheboat.Irushedtothetiller____31____itwastoolate.Anotherhugewallofwater____32____theboatinaminute.Wewerethrownintothewater,andDadwasstrugglingaimlessly.Atthatmoment,Ifeltfiercely____33____ofhim.IswamtoDadquicklyandassistedhiminclimbingontothehull(船殼)oftheboat.Uponsittingonthehull,Dadwasalittleawkwardabouthisflashof____34____.“It’sallright,Dad.Wearesafenow,”Icomfortedhim.ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.Moreimportantly,Ifounditwasmyturntostart____35____formyfather.21.A.boatingB.runningC.swimmingD.teaching22.A.enjoyedB.desiredC.hatedD.learned第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 23.A.sentB.orderedC.invitedD.allowed24.A.calmB.icyC.stormyD.thundery25.A.repeatedlyB.lightlyC.hardlyD.violently26.A.dangerB.placeC.sportD.job27.A.sufferedB.fellC.frozeD.quit28.A.LookB.HelpC.RunD.Jump29.A.problemB.relationshipC.machineD.boat30.A.turnedtoB.livedwithC.arguedwithD.objectedto31.A.ifB.forC.afterD.but32.A.gotthroughB.pouredintoC.turnedoverD.liftedup33.A.ashamedB.protectiveC.tiredD.afraid34.A.painB.angerC.fearD.shame35.A.makingupB.gettingreadyC.payingoffD.lookingout【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在作者的記憶里爸爸無所不能,可是一次難忘的航行卻讓作者有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)——原來父親也需要別人的幫助的故事?!?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:爸爸很擅長航海,但不擅長游泳。A.boating劃船;B.running跑;C.swimming游泳;D.teaching教。根據(jù)后文“IswamtoDad(我游向爸爸)”,可推知,父親精通航海術(shù),卻不會游泳。故選C項?!?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:至于我,因為住在安大略湖附近,所以我在12歲之前就學(xué)會了這兩個。A.enjoyed享受;B.desired渴望;C.hated討厭;D.learned學(xué)會。根據(jù)下文講述作者陪父親一同去航海經(jīng)歷,而且還救了落水的父親,可知作者在很小的時候就學(xué)會了航海和游泳。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我回到家,邀請爸爸去航海。A.sent發(fā)送;派遣;B.ordered命令;C.invited邀請;D.allowed同意。根據(jù)上文“ThelasttimeDadandIsetsailtogetherwasreallyunforgettable.(我和爸爸最后一次一起揚帆起航真是太難忘了。)”可知接下來的內(nèi)容敘述了作者跟其父親一起去航海的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“Dadhadn’tsailedforyears(父親好多年沒有去航海了)”第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 可知作者在大學(xué)畢業(yè)回家后,邀請父親一同前往,去航海。故選C項?!?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我們很快就在平靜的湖面上出發(fā)了。A.calm平靜的;B.icy冷淡的;C.stormy暴風雨的;D.thundery打雷的。根據(jù)下文“Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden.?”可知,作者他們到了湖心,突然起風??梢酝茢啵霭l(fā)的時候應(yīng)該是風平浪靜的。故選A項?!?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:船被猛烈地撞了一下。A.repeatedly重復(fù)地;B.lightly輕快地;C.hardly幾乎不;D.violently猛烈地。根據(jù)上文“astrongwindcameallofasudden.”可知,突然刮來一陣大風,可以推斷此處為船被猛烈撞擊。故選D項。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:爸爸總是在任何危險的時候都能保持最佳狀態(tài)。但此時他卻僵住了。A.danger危險;B.place地方;C.sport運動;D.job工作。根據(jù)上文“Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake,astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit5?(當我們在湖中央時,突然刮起了大風。船被猛地撞了一下。)”提到船在湖中央時,突然刮來一陣大風,暗示此時作者和爸爸遇到了危險??赏浦?,此處指在作者記憶中,父親應(yīng)該是能處理好一切的險情,爸爸總是在任何危險的時候都能保持最佳狀態(tài)。故選A項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:爸爸總是在任何危險的時候都能保持最佳狀態(tài)。但此時他卻僵住了。A.suffered遭受;B.fell跌倒;C.froze凍結(jié);D.quit退出。根據(jù)后文“heshoutedinatremblingvoice(他用顫抖的聲音喊道)”,可以推斷,父親是害怕了,身體僵硬住。故選C項?!?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:“約翰!救命!”他用顫抖的聲音喊道,手里還握著舵柄。A.Look看;B.Help救命;C.Run跑;D.Jump跳。根據(jù)前文“astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit?5(當我們在湖中央時,突然刮起了大風。船被猛地撞了一下。)”暗示作者和爸爸遇到了危險;下文“heshoutedinatremblingvoice(他用顫抖的聲音喊道)”可推知,父親害怕了,自己不能處理這一切了,當然是向作者求救,希望作者幫他一把。故選B項?!?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:在我的記憶中,他能解決任何問題。A.problem問題;B.relationship關(guān)系;C.machine機器;D.boat船。根據(jù)后文“ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.那是爸爸第一次在緊急時刻指望著我。)”可知,第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 這是作者父親第一次依靠作者,可以推斷,此處為在作者的記憶中,爸爸可以解決任何“問題”。故選A項。30題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:他是我尋求力量和安全感的人。A.turnedto求教于;求助于;B.livedwith與……生活在一起;C.arguedwith與……爭論;D.objectedto反對。根據(jù)前文“Inmymemoryhecouldfixany9?(在我的記憶中,他可以解決任何)”及后文“forstrengthandsecurity(力量和安全感)”可知,因為作者相信爸爸能夠解決任何問題,所以總是向他尋求力量和庇護。故選A項?!?1題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:我沖向舵柄,但已經(jīng)太遲了。A.if如果;B.for因為;C.after之后;D.but但是。根據(jù)下文中的“Wewerethrownintothewater(我們被水墻打入水中)”提到作者和爸爸被拋進了水中,可以推斷,盡管作者沖向舵柄,但是已經(jīng)太遲了。故選D項?!?2題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:一分鐘后,另一堵巨大的水墻把船掀翻了。A.gotthrough耗盡;順利通過(考試等);B.pouredinto倒入;C.turnedover打翻;D.liftedup舉起。下一句“Wewerethrownintothewater(我們被水墻打入水中)”提到作者和爸爸被拋進了水中,由此可知巨大的水墻掀翻了小船。故選C項?!?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:那一刻,我強烈地想保護他。A.ashamed羞愧的;B.protective保護的;C.tired累的;D.afraid害怕的。上一句“Wewerethrownintothewater,andDadwasstrugglingaimlessly.(我們被水墻打入水里,爸爸漫無目的地掙扎著。)”提到作者的爸爸在水中漫無目的地掙扎,下文“IswamtoDadquicklyandassistedhim(我迅速游向爸爸,幫助他)”講到作者如何幫父親擺脫險境,由此可知作者在那一刻強烈地感覺到要保護他。故選B項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當爸爸坐在船殼上時,他對自己的恐懼感到有點尷尬。A.pain疼痛;B.anger生氣;C.fear害怕;D.shame害羞。結(jié)合前文中““John!?8!”heshoutedinatremblingvoice,withthetillerstillinhishands.(“約翰!救命!”他用顫抖的聲音喊道,手里還握著舵柄。)”可知,作者的爸爸用顫抖的聲音向作者求救,可推知此時他為自己當時表現(xiàn)出來的恐懼感到尷尬。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意:更重要的是,我發(fā)現(xiàn)輪到我去照顧我的父親了。A.makingup組成;B.gettingready準備;C.payingoff得到回報;D.lookingout關(guān)照。根據(jù)前句“ThatwasthefirsttimeDadhadcountedonmeinamomentofemergency.(那是爸爸第一次在緊急時刻指望著我。)”可知,作者父親依靠自己,可以推斷此處為作者要照顧父親。lookoutforsb.表示“關(guān)照,照顧”。故選D項。第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 第Ⅱ卷第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheHangzhouAsianGameswereopenedonSeptember23,2023,drawingworldwideattention.Theyarenotonlyagrandsportsevent,____36____aculturalfeastthatdisplaysthediversityandharmonyofAsia.Oneof____37____(impressive)culturalactivitiesistheAsianGamesAesthetics(美學(xué)).Itcoverssixcategories:visualarts,literature,music,dance,drama,andfilm.Theworks____38____(display)indifferentplacesandplatforms,suchasmuseums,galleries,theaters,cinemas,andonlinemedia.AnotherremarkableculturalactivityistheAsianGamesMemories,whichis____39____collectionofstories____40____(record)thehistoryanddevelopmentoftheAsianGames.TheAsianGamesMemoriesinvitesthepublic____41____(share)theirpersonalexperiencesandmemoriesofthepreviousGames,andtoexpress____42____(they)expectationsandwishesforthefutureoftheGames.TheAsianGamesMemoriesalsofeaturesinterviews____43____someofthelegendaryathletesandofficialswhohaveparticipatedintheGames.Knownastheworld’slargestsportinggala,theHangzhouAsianGamesserveasaplatformfortheathletestocompete.Mostimportantly,it’sastageforpeople’scommunicationand____44____(interact).TheHangzhouAsianGamesareabeautifulgatheringofnations,____45____thespiritofAsiaiscelebratedandthedreamofAsiaisrealized.【答案】36.but37.themostimpressive38.aredisplayed39.a40.recording41.toshare42.their43.with44.interaction45.where【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文,主要介紹了杭州亞運會中的文化活動?!?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意:9月23日開幕的杭州亞運會不僅是一場體育盛會,也是一場展示亞洲多元與和諧的文化盛宴。notonly...butalso...“不但……,而且……”,also使用時可以省略。故填but?!?7題詳解】第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 考查形容詞。句意:最令人印象深刻的文化活動之一是亞運會美學(xué)??蘸笫敲~短語culturalactivities,所以該空填形容詞。根據(jù)空前提示“Oneof?”可知,此處填最高級themostimpressive作定語。故填themostimpressive?!?8題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:亞運美學(xué)的作品在博物館、畫廊、劇院、電影院、網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體等不同的場所和平臺展出。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),該空在句中作謂語。由句意可知,此處表示客觀事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語“Theworks”和“display”之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動,即aredisplayed。故填aredisplayed。【39題詳解】考查冠詞。句意:另一項引人注目的文化活動是“亞運會記憶”,這是一個記錄亞運會歷史和發(fā)展的故事和照片的集合??蘸笫强蓴?shù)名詞單數(shù)collection,所以空處填不定冠詞,構(gòu)成短語acollectionof,表示“一組,一系列”。collection發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,所以填a。故填a?!?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:另一項引人注目的文化活動是“亞運會記憶”,這是一個記錄亞運會歷史和發(fā)展的故事和照片的集合。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),從句謂語動詞是is,所以空處填非謂語動詞。邏輯主語“storiesandphotos?”和“record”之間是主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞recording作后置定語。故填recording?!?1題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:“亞運會記憶”邀請市民分享以往亞運會的個人經(jīng)歷和記憶,并表達對未來亞運會的期望和祝愿。此處考查invitesbtodosth,表示“邀請某人做某事”,所以填不定式toshare,作賓補。故填toshare?!?2題詳解】考查代詞。句意:“亞運會記憶”邀請市民分享以往亞運會的個人經(jīng)歷和記憶,并表達對未來亞運會的期望和祝愿。空后是名詞expectations,所以此處填形容詞性物主代詞their,作定語。故填their。【43題詳解】考查介詞。句意:“亞運會記憶”還包括對一些參加過亞運會的傳奇運動員和官員的采訪。結(jié)合句意,這里指采訪的對象包括一些參加過亞運會的傳奇運動員和官員,with“包括”,故填with?!?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意:作為世界上規(guī)模最大的體育盛會,杭州亞運會不僅是運動員競爭和超越的平臺,更重要的是,也是人民交流和互動的舞臺。結(jié)合空前“communicationand”可知,空處用名詞interaction,與communication并列,故填interaction。【45題詳解】第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 考查定語從句。句意:杭州亞運會是一次美麗的盛會,是弘揚亞洲精神、實現(xiàn)亞洲夢想的盛會。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),此處考查非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞“abeautifulgatheringofnations”,在從句中作地點狀語,所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。第四部分課本知識運用(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)請?zhí)钊脒m當?shù)膯卧~(1個)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。46.It’sachallengeformeto______(memory)50newwordsperday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】memorize##memorise【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意:對我來說每天記住50個新單詞是困難的。該句含有“it+be+adj.+forsb.+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)?!癷t”是形式主語,不定式“todosth.”是真正主語。本句中“to”后需要名詞“memory”對應(yīng)的動詞原形,使該語法結(jié)構(gòu)完整,故填memorize/memorise。47.Theactivity______(intend)topromotesalesturnedouttobeasuccess.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】intended【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語。句意:這次旨在促進銷售的活動證明是成功的。分析句子可知,句子已有謂語“turnedouttobe”,所以空處用非謂語;短語:beintendedtodosth.“旨在做某事”,主語“theactivity”與動詞“intend”為動賓關(guān)系,所以空處用過去分詞intended作定語,故填intended。48.______(original),Imadeupmymindtogoabroadforfurtherstudy.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】Originally【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意:最初,我下定決心要出國深造??仗幵诰渲凶鳡钫Z,所以空處用副詞。處于句首,所以首字母大寫。故填Originally。49.MartinLutherKingfoughtforthe______(free)andequalityoftheblack.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】freedom【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:馬丁·路德·金為黑人的自由和平等而戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合空前冠詞及空后“andequalityoftheblack”可知,空處用名詞freedom,與“equality”并列,作賓語。故填freedom。50.Withtheproblem________(settle),hewenthomehappily.(用所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】settled【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:問題解決了,他高高興興地回家了。介詞with后接復(fù)合賓語,動詞第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 settle和賓語之間是被動和完成的關(guān)系,用其過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填settled。51.Ι______(wrap)thepackageandwasshockedtodiscoverwhatwasinside.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】unwrapped【解析】【詳解】考查動詞及時態(tài)。句意:我打開包裹,發(fā)現(xiàn)里面的東西時感到震驚??仗幵诰渲袨橹^語,結(jié)合句中“andwas”可知,空處用一般過去時;結(jié)合“discoverwhatwasinside”可知,此處指打開包裹,unwrap“打開包裹”,結(jié)合時態(tài),故填unwrapped。52.Somethemeparkstrytoteachpeopleaboutan______(advance)scientificidealikeFuturoscopeinFrance.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】advanced【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:一些主題公園試圖向人們傳授先進的科學(xué)理念,比如法國的“觀測未來”??仗帒?yīng)用形容詞,作定語修飾scientificidea。advanced意為“先進的”。故填advanced。53.Itisreportedthattheworkersare______strikeforapayrise.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】on【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語。句意:據(jù)報道工人為了漲薪正在罷工。beonstrike為固定短語,意為“在罷工”,空處需填介詞on。故填on。54.Listeningtomusiccanmakepeoplefeelless______(anxiety)or,lonely.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】anxious【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:聽音樂可以使人感到不那么焦慮或孤獨。feel為系動詞,其后跟形容詞作表語,anxiety“焦慮”為不可數(shù)名詞,其形容詞形式為anxious,故填anxious。55.Acertainsleepingpositionshowsthatthesleepertends______(seek)perfection.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】toseek【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:某個特定的睡姿表明睡眠者傾向于追求完美。tendtodo...意為“傾向于做……”,不定式作賓語。故填toseek。56.LEGO,a______(power)brandintheworld,enjoysgreatpopularity.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】powerful第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:樂高是世界上一個很有影響力的品牌,享有很高的知名度。空處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語,修飾brand。powerful意為“有影響力的,強有力的”。故填powerful。57.TearscametomyeyesasIrealized______afoolIhadbeentojudgeJim’sfatherasafailure.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】what【解析】【詳解】考查感嘆句。句意:我的眼里充滿了淚水,因為我意識到我之前把吉姆的父親猜測為失敗者是多么的愚蠢。Whatafool!(真是個傻瓜?。┍揪渲械谝粋€as“因為”引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。realized后面跟的是賓語從句“whatafoolIhadbeen.”故填what。58.Thedoctormadeajudgementthattheboywouldmakeaquick______(recover).(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】recovery【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意:醫(yī)生斷定這男孩很快就會康復(fù)。提示詞作賓語,用名詞recovery,意為“康復(fù)”,結(jié)合不定冠詞a可知,用單數(shù)形式。故填recovery。59.Itis______(amaze)thatJiaLingwasabletolose50kilogramswithinayear.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】amazing?【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:令人驚奇的是,賈玲竟然在一年內(nèi)瘦了50公斤。空處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。It為形式主語,指代that從句,表示事情,所以應(yīng)用-ing形式的形容詞amazing,意為“令人大為驚奇的”。故填amazing。60.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageand______(deliver)newspapers.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】delivering【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他的父母總是叫他給花園除草、倒垃圾、送報紙。此處是與weeding,carryingout并列,用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補。故填delivering。61.Thehouseismorethantwentymeterslongand________(measure)sixmetersinwidth.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】measures【解析】第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 【詳解】考查名詞。句意:這座房子20多米長,六米寬。分析句子成分可知,空格處應(yīng)填謂語動詞,measure表示“測量”且后跟測量數(shù)字時為不及物動詞,無被動,結(jié)合上文所給的時態(tài)可知,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且主語Thehouse為單數(shù),所以應(yīng)填measures。故填measures。62.Itis______(benefit)tolistentootherpeople’sadvice,buteventuallyyoumustbelieveinyourownjudgement.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】beneficial【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:聽別人的建議是有益的,但最終你必須相信自己的判斷??仗幵诰渲袨楸碚Z,所以空處用形容詞。固定句式:Itis?beneficialtodosth.“做某事是有益的?!?,故填beneficial。63.______(replace)theflattyrewithanewoneandmoveon.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】Replace【解析】【詳解】考查祈使句。句意:把漏氣的輪胎換一個新的,然后繼續(xù)前進。祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等,謂語動詞一律用原形,主語通常為第二人稱,其句子主語常常省略。分析句子可知,本句為and連接的兩個祈使句,所以空處用動詞原形,處于句首,首字母大寫。故填Replace。64.Generallyspeaking,thesalary______(variety)withtheexperienceoftheemployee.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】varies【解析】【詳解】考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:一般來說,工資因員工的經(jīng)驗而異??仗幵诰渲凶髦^語,應(yīng)用動詞。vary意為“相異,不同,變化”,為不及物動詞。根據(jù)句中的Generallyspeaking可知,這里表示一般情況,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為thesalary,謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填varies。65.AsKarlMarxsays,“Those______makemostpeoplehappyarethehappiestpeopleintheworld.”(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】who【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意:正如卡爾·馬克思(KarlMarx)所說,“讓大多數(shù)人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人?!狈治鼍渥映煞挚芍司涫且粋€定語從句,those為先行詞,在句中指人,空格處在定語從句中充當主語成分,所以只能填who。故填who。第五部分書面表達(滿分25分)66.假定你是李華,近期你校成立了“孔子思想研究”網(wǎng)上俱樂部。你的美國朋友Tom第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 對中國文化很感興趣,請你給他寫一封郵件,邀請他加入該俱樂部。內(nèi)容包括:1.寫信目的;2.俱樂部活動內(nèi)容;3.表達期待。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右;2.參考詞匯:孔子Confucius;孔子思想Confucianism;3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearTom,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Knowingthatyou’reextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojointheConfucianismonlineclub.Establishedbyourschoolrecently,theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics.Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.AsfarasIamconcerned,theclubisofgreatsignificanceandhelpforyoutogainabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoconsiderationseriously.Ihavetheconfidencethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。要求考生向美國朋友Tom寫一封郵件,邀請他加入學(xué)校近期成立的“孔子思想研究”網(wǎng)上俱樂部?!驹斀狻?.詞匯積累及其,非常:extremely→pretty熱衷于:bekeenon→becrazyabout第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司 建立:establish→found特征:characteristic→feature2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句:What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.拓展句:What’smore,professorswhoarerelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thus,providingclubmemberswithavasttraditionalknowledge.【點睛】【高分句型1】Establishedbyourschoolrecently,theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics.?(運用了過去分詞作狀語)【高分句型2】Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.(運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語及who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)第26頁/共26頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)(北京)股份有限公司
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