安徽省巢湖市部分學(xué)校2024屆高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z Word版含解析.docx

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2024普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試模擬卷英語試題（四）時(shí)量：120分鐘滿分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whendidthewomanarrive?A．8:00a.m.B．8:30a.m.C．8:45a.m.2．Whatisthetaxrate?A．2%.B．4%.C．10%.3．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Helikesreadingbooks.B．Heisalwaysorganized.C．Hemanageshistimebetter.4．Howwillthemantraveltohismeeting?A．Bycar.B．Bytrain.C．Bytaxi.5．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetothedishes?A．Shethinksitjustso-so.B．Shedislikesit.C．Shelikesitverymuch.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whereisthemangoing?A．Thecinema.B．Thelibrary.C．Theclassroom.7．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A．Readingbooks.B．Writingreports.C．Doingexperiments.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhatisSimondoingnow?A．Swimming.B．Reading.C．Sleeping.9．HowdidSimontravelaround?A．Bybus.B．Bycar.C．Bybike.10．WhywereJohn’sclotheswet?A．Hewascaughtintherain.B．Hefellintothewater.C．Hesweatedheavily.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatpartywillthewomanattend?A．Ahouse-warmingparty.B．Abirthdayparty.C．Afarewellparty.12．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Neighbours.B．Colleagues.C．Classmates.13．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomanbring?A．HeriPad.B．Somebeer.C．Somejuice.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whendotheguysgotothebeach?A．EverySaturdayafternoon.B．LastAugust.C．LastApril15．Whatdotheydoatthebeach?A．Doingbeachcleanups.B．Doingsometraining.C．Joiningashowprogram.第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 16．Wheredoesthewomanadvicethemantogo?A．BeachCaptains.B．TheAquarium.C．SaturdayWarriors.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhydidGrandpaPandettigotothevillage?A．Tobuyamirror.B．Totradehisgoods.C．Tovisithisfamily.18．WhatdidGrandpaPandettidowhenhereturnedhome?A．Hehungthemirroronthewall.B．Hetoldhisfamilyaboutthemirror.C．Hemadedinnerforhimself.19．WhatdidthePandettisdointheend?A．Theysmiledwhenevertheylookedinthemirror.B．Theytookthemirroroffthewall.C．Theymadefriendswithstrangers.20．Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Lifeinthemountains.B．ThePandettis’goods.C．Aspecialpresentforafamily.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromforyou,suchasjigsawpuzzles,puzzlebooksandmore.Theyallhavesomethingincommon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.Herearefourofthemostcommon:WordpuzzlesOneofthemostpopularwordpuzzles—thecrossword.Itcanbedonewithpaperandpenciloronline.Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.Knowingthelanguagethatthegameisdesignedinisrequiredforsuccess,however.MechanicalpuzzlesMechanicalpuzzleshavepiecesthatmustbearrangedinsomeway.Theworld’sbest-sellingpuzzle,theRubik’sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.Asof2020,over450millionRubik’sCubeshadbeensold.Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothiscategory.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoforma第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 picture.Jigsawpuzzleshavefromtwotoover550000pieces—thelargestoneonrecord.LogicpuzzlesFiguringoutthesolutiontoalogicpuzzlerequirescarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.SudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.InMineFinderplayersmustdeterminewheretheminesarehiddeninagrid.MathpuzzlesMathpuzzlesinvolvenumbers,wordsorobjectsandtheuseofmath.Surprisingly,theever-popularCandyCrushisclassifiedasamathpuzzle.Mathskillsarerequiredforplayerstosuccessfullymoveandmatchcoloredcandies.Therearemanyotherkindsofpuzzles.Butnomatterwhichyouprefer,puzzlesareagreatwaytoentertain.1.Whatarethefourpuzzlessimilartoeachother?A.Requiringtoomuchtimeandenergy.B.Examiningyourskillsorknowledge.C.Requiringcarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.D.Knowingmuchknowledgeaboutalanguage.2.Whichoneisclassifiedas“Logicpuzzle”?A.MineFinder.B.TheRubik’sCube.C.Jigsawpuzzles.D.CandyCrush.3.Inwhichsectioncanthetextbefoundinamagazine?A.Languagestudy.B.Studyskills.C.Scienceexperiments.D.Entertainment.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡要介紹了四種常見的解謎游戲?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theyallhavesomethingincommon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.(它們都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：它們測試你的技能或知識(shí))”可知，四種解謎游戲的共同之處在于：它們測試你的技能或知識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Logicpuzzles中關(guān)鍵句“SudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.(數(shù)獨(dú)和MineFinder都是邏輯謎題的例子)”可知，MineFinder是邏輯謎題。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Therearemanyotherkindsofpuzzles.Butnomatterwhichyouprefer,puzzlesareagreatwaytoentertain.(還有許多其他類型的謎題。但無論你喜歡哪一種，謎題都是一種很好的娛樂方式)”可知，解謎游戲是一種好的娛樂方式，所以本文會(huì)出現(xiàn)在雜志的“娛樂”板塊。故選D。B第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 MaxDuwontheCanada-WideScienceFair.Hisprojectisadrone(無人機(jī))tosavepeoplewhogointocardiac(心臟的)arrest.MaxgottheinspirationduringChristmasbreaklastyear.“Igotatoydronefrommyparents,butIcouldn’tflyitbecauseitissnowy.”Maxsaid.“SoIplayedwithitathome,anditgotmethinkinghowadronecouldbeusedasanindoorrobotthatcouldhelppeople.”About35,000peoplehavecardiacarrestsinCanadaeachyear.Mostofthosehappenoutsideofahospital,ofwhomfewerthan10percentsurvive.Maxbelievedadronecouldofferfastersupportandlife-savingmedicine,buthehadtobuildithimselftoknowforsure.Testinghisdronetookaboutsixmonths.Max’sparentshadtodealwiththeirson’sconstantlyflyingandcrashinginthehome.EverytimeMaxwouldcreateanexcitinginnovation,suchasanextendablearm,itwouldaddextraweighttohisdrone,causingittobreakapart.ThenMaxwouldhavetobuyallnewparts.Maxtestedusingmorelightweightmaterialsuntilhisdesignwasmorebalanced.Throughtrialanderror,the14-year-oldboyfinallygotitright.Hisdronecanopenadoorhandle,flyintheairandthenlandsoftlyontheground.Anewextendablearmcanbereleasedtoadministerashotorhandapatientlifesavingmedicine.Abuilt-incameracoulddirectlyconferencewithanemergencyresponseteamwhosememberscouldmonitorthepatientremotely.Maxplansonapplyingforapatent(專利)sohecanmakeconnectionsinthehealth-careindustrytogetitmadeforreal.He’sspenthissummerlearningaboutartificialintelligenceatCalifornia’sStanfordUniversityasoneof32kidsselectedworldwide.He’llheadnexttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatotakeacollege-levelroboticsclassbeforereturningtohighschoolinSeptember.4.WhydidMaxDudesignadronebyhimself?A.Hehadsympathyforthosewithheartattacks.B.HehadnothingtodoinChristmasholidays.C.Hewanteduseittohelphisparents.D.Hetriedtomakeitflyinthesnow.5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs2and3?A.MostofthepeoplewithcardiacarrestsinCanadacansurvive.B.Max’sparentswereunwillingtohelpduringhisdronedesign.C.It’sveryimportanttocontrolthebalanceofthedrone.DMax’sdesignoftheextendablearmisverysmooth.6.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theinstructionsforusingthedrone.第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 B.Thereasonforapplyingforapatent.C.TheprocessofMax’ssuccess.D.Thefunctionsofthenewdrone.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMax?A.Considerateandbrave.B.Talentedandcreative.C.Cleverandhonest.D.Helpfulandloyal.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位14歲的少年設(shè)計(jì)用于救助心臟病人的無人機(jī)并因此獲獎(jiǎng)的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Max所說的話“SoIplayedwithitathome,anditgotmethinkinghowadronecouldbeusedasanindoorrobotthatcouldhelppeople.(所以我在家里玩它，它讓我思考如何將無人機(jī)用作室內(nèi)機(jī)器人去幫助人們)”和第二段“Maxbelievedadronecouldofferfastersupportandlife-savingmedicine,buthehadtobuildithimselftoknowforsure.(Max相信無人機(jī)可以提供更快的支持和救命的藥物，但他必須自己制造出來才能確定)”可知，他的無人機(jī)是用來幫助心臟驟停的病人的，表明他很同情患有心臟病的人。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“EverytimeMaxwouldcreateanexcitinginnovation,suchasanextendablearm,itwouldaddextraweighttohisdrone,causingittobreakapart.ThenMaxwouldhavetobuyallnewparts.Maxtestedusingmorelightweightmaterialsuntilhisdesignwasmorebalanced.(每次Max創(chuàng)造一個(gè)令人興奮的創(chuàng)新時(shí)，比如一個(gè)可伸展的機(jī)械臂，就會(huì)給他的無人機(jī)增加額外的重量，導(dǎo)致它摔碎。Max不得不買新的零件。Max使用更輕的材料進(jìn)行測試，直到他的設(shè)計(jì)更加平衡)”可知，可伸展的機(jī)械臂會(huì)給無人機(jī)增加額外的重量導(dǎo)致它四分五裂。Max需要使用更輕的材料使他的設(shè)計(jì)更加平衡。由此可見，控制無人機(jī)的平衡是很重要的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀第四段“Throughtrialanderror,the14-year-oldboyfinallygotitright.Hisdronecanopenadoorhandle,flyintheairandthenlandsoftlyontheground.Anewextendablearmcanbereleasedtoadministerashotorhandapatientlifesavingmedicine.Abuilt-incameracoulddirectlyconferencewithanemergency第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 responseteamwhosememberscouldmonitorthepatientremotely.(經(jīng)過反復(fù)試驗(yàn)，這個(gè)14歲的男孩終于成功了。他的無人機(jī)可以打開門把手，在空中飛行，然后輕輕地降落在地面上。一種新型的可伸縮手臂可以被釋放出來進(jìn)行注射或遞給病人救命的藥物。內(nèi)置攝像頭可以直接與應(yīng)急小組進(jìn)行會(huì)議，其成員可以遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控病人)”可知，本段的主要部分，即第二句到第四句都是介紹Max的無人機(jī)的功能。因此本段主要是關(guān)于無人機(jī)的功能。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由全文所說的Max自己設(shè)計(jì)救助心臟病人的無人機(jī)表明Max很有創(chuàng)造力，最后一段“He’sspenthissummerlearningaboutartificialintelligenceatCalifornia’sStanfordUniversityasoneof32kidsselectedworldwide.He’llheadnexttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatotakeacollege-levelroboticsclassbeforereturningtohighschoolinSeptember.(作為全球32名被選中的孩子之一，他整個(gè)夏天都在加州斯坦福大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)人工智能。接下來，他將前往賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)水平的機(jī)器人課程，然后在9月份返回高中。)”說明Max在人工智能方面很有天賦，所以B選項(xiàng)“Talentedandcreative.(有天賦的并具有創(chuàng)造力的)”符合題意。故選B。CBeingagoodparentrequiresprovidingachildwiththegiftsoflove,attention,energy,andresourcesunstintinglyoveralongperiodoftime.Itinvolvesdevelopingasmallbody,butitalsoinvolvesgrowingachild’ssoul.Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnnyknowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well-adjustedkid,orsadandself-destructive,hasawholelottodowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,lovingattention,thechancesarethatJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionate(富有同情心的)person.Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble.ThirtyyearsagoChicagoprofessorJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmoreindeterminingschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.Acrossawiderangeofsubjectareas,inliterature,scienceandreading,Colemanestimatedthattheparentwastwiceaspowerfulastheschoolindeterminingachievementatagefourteen.PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix-yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthatoneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged”fromhisorheradolescent’seducation,andthisistheprimaryreasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotentialandbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.Aweightofevidencenowdemonstratesobviouslinksbetweenabsenteeparentsandawiderangeofbehavioralandemotionalproblemsinchildren.A1997studyof90,000teenagers—theAddHealthProjectundertaken(第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 承擔(dān))bytheCarolinaPopulationCenterandtheTeenageHealthProgramattheUniversityofMinnesotafoundthatyoungstersarelesslikelytogetdepressed,usedrugsorbecomeinvolvedincrimewhentheyspentsignificanttimewiththeirparents.Thisstudyfoundthatthemerephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinnerandatbedtimesignificantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unstintingly”inParagraph1mean?A.Absolutely.B.Obviously.C.Carefully.D.Generously.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Childrenshouldbetaughttobesuccessfulinlife.B.Parents’characterhasadeepinfluenceonchildren.C.Childrenareaffectedbymanyfactorsduringthegrowth.D.Parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenaboutbehaviors.10.What’sthepurposeofLawrenceSteinberg’sresearch?A.Toknowtheimportanceofparents’company.B.Tofindoutwhytherearesomanyseriouscrimes.C.Togetwaystopreventteenagers’badbehaviors.D.Tofindlinksbetweenparents’educationandcrimes.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsparents’companywithchildren?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Favorable.D.Unclear.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了父母的陪伴在孩子性格養(yǎng)成和品質(zhì)養(yǎng)成方面的重要性。【8題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞的后文內(nèi)容“Itinvolvesdevelopingasmallbody,butitalsoinvolvesgrowingachild’ssoul.(它涉及到一個(gè)小身體的發(fā)展，但它也涉及到一個(gè)孩子的靈魂的成長)”可知，養(yǎng)育孩子不僅是讓孩子在身體上成長，還有靈魂的成長。由此推知，作為父母，應(yīng)該給予孩子在各個(gè)方面長期的、全方位的關(guān)愛。結(jié)合語境，畫線單詞所在句將這些關(guān)愛比喻成“thegiftsoflove,attention,energy,andresources(愛、關(guān)注、精力和資源的禮物)”，那么給予禮物的父母應(yīng)該是慷慨大方的父母。由此推知，畫線單詞unstintingly可以理解為“慷慨地”，與選項(xiàng)D“Generously(慷慨地)”含義一致。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,lovingattention,thechancesarethatJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionateperson.Iftheyhavenot,第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 Johnnyisintrouble.(如果Johnny的父母能夠給予持久、充滿愛意的關(guān)注，Johnny很有可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)富有成效、富有同情心的人。如果他們沒有，Johnny就有麻煩了)”可知，Johnny的父母在其成長過程中是否給予持久的關(guān)愛關(guān)系到他成人后的品行。由此可推知，父母的人格力量對孩子的影響巨大。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix-yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.(心理學(xué)家LawrenceSteinberg最近完成了一項(xiàng)對9個(gè)不同社區(qū)的2萬名青少年進(jìn)行的為期6年的研究，證實(shí)了父母的重要性)”可知，他的研究是對父母陪伴的重要性的驗(yàn)證。由此可推知，他研究的目的是了解父母陪伴的重要性。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通過閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，作者在文章中引用了各種專家科研數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)論，比如第三段的“ThirtyyearsagoChicagoprofessorJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmoreindeterminingschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.(30年前，芝加哥大學(xué)教授JamesS.Coleman指出，在決定學(xué)校成功與否方面，父母的參與比正規(guī)教育體系的任何質(zhì)量都重要得多)”、第四段的“Thisstudyfoundthatthemerephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinnerandatbedtimesignificantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.(這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅是父母在放學(xué)后、晚餐和就寢時(shí)間在場，就能顯著降低青少年危險(xiǎn)行為的發(fā)生率)”等內(nèi)容，都是用來證明“父母的陪伴對孩子影響很大”這一論點(diǎn)，即，這篇文章的中心論點(diǎn)。由此可推知，作者是支持父母陪伴孩子的。故選C項(xiàng)。DAkeypartofprotectingendangeredspeciesisfiguringoutwherethey’reliving.UsingenvironmentalDNA,oreDNA,totrackspeciesisn’tnew.Forafewyearsnow,researchershavebeenusingDNAinwater.Twoteamsofscientists—oneinDenmarkledbyDrKristineBohmannandoneintheUKledbyDrElizabethClare—cameupwiththesamequestionataboutthesametime:CouldtheyidentifytheanimalsinanareafromDNAthatwassimplyfloatingintheair?DNAintheairisusuallysosmallthatitwouldtakeamicroscopetoseeit.“IthoughtthechancesofcollectinganimalDNAfromairwouldbeslimthoughmuchtimehadbeenspentonit,butwemovedon,”saidBohmannwhowastryingtothinkofacrazyresearchideaforaDanishfoundationthatfundsfar-outscience.OneteamcollectedsamplesfromdifferentlocationsatDenmark’sCopenhagenZoo,andtheotheratHamertonZooParkintheUK.Clearly,theybothchosethezoos.“WerealizedwehavetheCopenhagenZoo,”Bohmannrecalls.Infact,boththezoosintheUKandDenmarkwerealmostlikethezoosthatwerecustom-builtfortheexperiments:Theanimalsinthezooswerenon-native,sotheyreallystuckoutinDNAanalyses.“Ifwedetecta第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 flamingo(火烈鳥),we’resureit’snotcomingfromanywhereelsebutthezoo,”Bohmannsays.Inthelaboratory,bycomparingtheirsampleswithexamplesofDNAfromdifferentanimals,thescientistssucceededinidentifyingmanydifferentanimalsatthezoos.Neitherteamknewthattheotherteamwasworkingonasimilarexperiment.Thetwowerenearingsubmissiontoascientificjournalwhentheydiscoveredabouttheotherexperiment.Ratherthancompetetorushoutapublicationfirst,theygotintouchanddecidedtopublishtheirfindingsasapair.“Weboththoughtthepapersarestrongertogether,”saysClare.“Thenextstepistofigureouthowtotakethismethodintonaturetotrackanimalsthatarehardtospot,includingendangeredanimals,”saysBohmann.12.WhatdidBohmanninitiallythinkoftheexperiment?A.Itcouldbeafailure.B.Itwouldn’ttakelong.C.Itwasn’toriginal.D.Itwouldcostmuch.13.WhydidthescientistslookforanimalDNAinthezoos?A.Theyraisedmanyrareanimalsthere.B.Thezooswerespeciallybuiltforthem.C.TheycouldcollectenoughanimalDNA.D.Theycouldrecognizeanimalsconfidently.14.Howwasthetwoteams’relationshipwhentheylearnedofeachother’swork?A.Competitive.B.Inseparable.C.Cooperative.D.Casual.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ResearchTeamsTestDNAinNatureB.DNAintheAirHelpsidentifyAnimalsC.DifferentZoosConductDNAStudiesD.eDNAProtectsEndangeredAnimals【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了丹麥和英國的兩個(gè)科學(xué)家小組幾乎同時(shí)提出同樣的問題：能否通過漂浮在空氣中的DNA來識(shí)別該地區(qū)的動(dòng)物？通過實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們給出肯定的答案，這可以幫助科學(xué)家追蹤難以發(fā)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)物，保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中““IthoughtthechancesofcollectinganimalDNAfromairwouldbeslimthoughmuchtimehadbeenspentonit,butwemovedon,”saidBohmannwhowastryingtothinkofacrazyresearchideaforaDanishfoundationthatfundsfar-outscience.(‘我認(rèn)為從空氣中收集動(dòng)物DNA的可能性很小，盡管已經(jīng)花了很多時(shí)間，但我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，’Bohmann說，他正在為一家資助標(biāo)新立異科學(xué)的丹麥基金會(huì)想出一個(gè)瘋狂的研究想法。)”可推知，Bohmann一開始認(rèn)為從空氣中收集動(dòng)物DNA的可能性很小，由此推知，他一開始認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)可能會(huì)失敗。故選A。第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Infact,boththezoosintheUKandDenmarkwerealmostlikethezoosthatwerecustom-builtfortheexperiments:Theanimalsinthezooswerenon-native,sotheyreallystuckoutinDNAanalyses.“Ifwedetectaflamingo,we’resureit’snotcomingfromanywhereelsebutthezoo,”Bohmannsays.(事實(shí)上，英國和丹麥的動(dòng)物園幾乎就像為實(shí)驗(yàn)定制的動(dòng)物園：動(dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物都不是本地的，所以它們在DNA分析中真的很突出。‘如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一只火烈鳥，我們肯定它不是來自動(dòng)物園以外的任何地方，’Bohmann說)”可知，科學(xué)家在動(dòng)物園尋找DNA是因?yàn)閯?dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物不是本地動(dòng)物，這樣，如果科學(xué)家根據(jù)空氣中的DNA識(shí)別出某種動(dòng)物如火烈鳥，它們就能確認(rèn)該動(dòng)物來自動(dòng)物園。因此，他們能自信地識(shí)別動(dòng)物。故選D。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Neitherteamknewthattheotherteamwasworkingonasimilarexperiment.Thetwowerenearingsubmissiontoascientificjournalwhentheydiscoveredabouttheotherexperiment.Ratherthancompetetorushoutapublicationfirst,theygotintouchanddecidedtopublishtheirfindingsasapair.“Weboththoughtthepapersarestrongertogether,”saysClare.(兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都不知道另一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)也在做類似的實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，兩人正準(zhǔn)備向一份科學(xué)雜志投稿。他們沒有爭先恐后地先發(fā)表一篇論文，而是聯(lián)系了一下，決定一起發(fā)表他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)?？巳R爾說：‘我們都認(rèn)為論文放在一起會(huì)更有說服力?！?”可推知，當(dāng)兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)知道了彼此的研究工作后，決定兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，共同發(fā)表這一發(fā)現(xiàn)；由此可知，兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是合作關(guān)系。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章文章第二段“Twoteamsofscientists—oneinDenmarkledbyDrKristineBohmannandoneintheUKledbyDrElizabethClare—cameupwiththesamequestionataboutthesametime:CouldtheyidentifytheanimalsinanareafromDNAthatwassimplyfloatingintheair?DNAintheairisusuallysosmallthatitwouldtakeamicroscopetoseeit.(兩組科學(xué)家——一組由丹麥的克里斯汀·伯曼博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，另一組由英國的伊麗莎白·克萊爾博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)——幾乎在同一時(shí)間提出了同樣的問題：他們能從漂浮在空氣中的DNA中識(shí)別出某個(gè)地區(qū)的動(dòng)物嗎？空氣中的DNA通常很小，要用顯微鏡才能看到)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了丹麥，英國兩組科學(xué)家利用動(dòng)物園空氣中的DNA幫助識(shí)別某地區(qū)的動(dòng)物，最后成功了，這可以幫助追蹤和保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。B選項(xiàng)“空氣中的DNA有助于識(shí)別動(dòng)物”適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 HowtoTakeEffectiveNotesDuringLecturesEffectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwritedownitskeywordsinyourownway.____16____Prepareforthelectureinadvance.Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.____17____Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.____18____Forexample,somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.Youhavetofindthestyleworksbestforyou.____19____Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththelecture.Takedownkeypoints.Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.____20____Thingslikekeyideas,definitions,anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.Forexample,ifthelectureisbasedonaspecificbattleinhistory,trytowritedownthedate,themajorcharactersinvolvedandtheoveralloutcomeofthestruggle.A.Developyourshorthand.B.Writequestionsasyouarelistening.C.Skimmingthemwillwarmupyourbrain.D.Everythingyoulearnmaybehelpfulinthefuture.E.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentwaysofnote-taking.F.Itmeansyouneedtofocusonthemostmeaningfulinformation.G.Withthefollowingtips,youcanbecomeabetterlecturenote-taker.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們有效的筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分，并講述了如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者?！?6題詳解】上文“Effectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaand第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 writedownitskeywordsinyourownway.（有效的記筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分，它要求你掌握主要思想，并用自己的方式寫下其中的關(guān)鍵詞。）”說明有效筆記的重要性，下文“Prepareforthelectureinadvance.（提前準(zhǔn)備講座。）”及“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.（找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。）”及“Takedownkeypoints.（記下關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。）”說明如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者的方法，空格處承上啟下，告訴我們通過下面的提示，可以成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。因此推斷G項(xiàng)“有了以下技巧，你就可以成為一個(gè)更好的課堂筆記記錄者?！狈险Z境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.（老師們在上課前分發(fā)講稿提綱。）”及下文“Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.（它可以幫助你專注于理解中遇到的困難，你將能夠在課堂上提出更好的問題。）”空格處承上啟下，C項(xiàng)的“them”與上文“l(fā)ectures”一致，講的是同一話題，說明老師發(fā)完演講稿后應(yīng)該瀏覽它們，這樣可以熱身。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“瀏覽它們會(huì)使你的大腦變得活躍起來。”符合語境，下文解釋了這樣做的好處。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上邊小標(biāo)題“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.（找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。）”及下文“Forexample,somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.（例如，一些視覺學(xué)習(xí)者可以繪制某些形狀來表示重要概念。有些人喜歡寫單詞，有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候錄制一節(jié)課并聽它最有幫助。）”空格處位于段首句承接下文，說明不同的人可能有不同的記筆記方式，下文具體解釋了這種說法。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththelecture.（不要寫完整的句子，甚至是完整的單詞，而是用一些符號(hào)或短語創(chuàng)造一種快速、簡短的寫作形式，以便于記筆記。這將幫助你快速記筆記并跟上講座。）”說明如何速記，所以空處作為這一小段的標(biāo)題，應(yīng)該概括主旨，A項(xiàng)“發(fā)展你的速記?！闭梅稀９蔬xA項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.（寫下講座的要點(diǎn)很重要。）”及下文“Thingslikekeyideas,definitions,anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.（關(guān)鍵想法、定義和描述性短語可以幫助你記住主題。）”空格處承上啟下，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)的“It”與上文一致，講的是同一話題，說明寫下要點(diǎn)很重要，下文緊接著說明了什么是重要信息。所以F第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 “這意味著你需要專注于最有意義的信息?！狈稀９蔬xF項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asanonlychild,NicoleRenaeoftenfeltlonelyinheryouth.Butthatallchangedwhensheturnedten.Forherbirthday,Renae’sgrandmother___21___herwithanadorablegray___22___namedChloe.Fromtheverystart,thetwowere___23___.“Shewasmybestfriend,”Renaesaid.EveryounceofloveRenaegave,thelittledogreturnedtenfold.ButwhenRenaewas14,herfather___24___anewjobthatcamewithashockingwarning:He’dbeworkingathome,andthehouseneededto___25___noisedisturbance.“Chloewasverynoisy,”Renaesaid.“Iwasjustakid,soIdidn’thaveany___26___inthematter.Ididn’twantto___27___mydog.Ijustfeltsosickand___28___aboutit.Withnoeasieroption,thefamilysentChloetoahumanesociety.___29___,Renaegrewup,gotmarried,andhadachildofherown.Butherfamilydidn’tfeelquitecomplete.Rememberingthe____30____thathavingadoghadbroughtherasakid,Renaewantedherdaughterto____31____thesame.Shehaditinhermindthatshewould____32____apuppy,butthenonedayshesawapostonasocialmediaplatformabouta____33____dogthatneededanewhome.ThedoginthephotographlookedalotlikeChloe—shewasevennamedChloe.Inaninstantitwas____34____:Shewouldadoptthisolderdog.WhenshemetChloe,thedogseemedsofamiliar.AndChloeappearedtofeelthesame____35____aboutRenae.SoonRenaecriedwithexcitementbecauseshefeltsoluckytohaveChloeagain.21.A.offeredB.showedC.surprisedD.treated22.A.catB.pigC.chickenD.puppy23.A.unfriendlyB.inseparableC.disharmoniousD.impolite24.A.gotB.quitC.assignedD.approved25.A.befreeofB.beavailableforC.besuitableforD.betiredof26.A.ideaB.choiceC.alternativeD.suggestion27.A.makeupforB.breakawayfromC.giveintoD.getridof28.A.delightedB.sadC.confusedD.embarrassed29.A.OvertimeB.OntimeC.AttimesD.Atatime30.A.sorrowB.satisfactionC.confusionD.joy31.A.experienceB.assumeC.wonderD.observe第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 32.A.decorateB.adoptC.purchaseD.borrow33A.juniorB.priorC.seniorD.young34.A.decidedB.respondedC.recoveredD.attached35.A.directionB.appearanceC.wayD.phenomenon【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是一位孤單的小姑娘Renae在十歲那年得到了她最珍貴的生日禮物——一條可愛的小狗Chloe，小狗陪伴她度過了一段美好的兒時(shí)時(shí)光，后來由于父親要換工作，Renae不得不與小狗分開。Renae長大成家有了自己的女兒，因?yàn)橐琅f記得兒時(shí)小狗帶給自己的快樂，所以希望自己的女兒也能像自己那樣擁有一條可愛的小狗，于是一切仿佛冥冥注定，Renae為女兒領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的老狗恰恰是自己兒時(shí)密不可分的老朋友Chloe。21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在Renae的生日那天，她的祖母給了她一個(gè)驚喜：一只可愛的灰色小狗，名叫Chloe。A.offered提供；B.showed展示；C.surprised給……驚喜；D.treated對待。前文提到“Forherbirthday(在她生日那天)”，說明她的祖母是給了她一個(gè)生日的驚喜。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在Renae的生日那天，她的祖母給了她一個(gè)驚喜：一只可愛的灰色小狗，名叫Chloe。A.cat貓；B.pig豬；C.chicken雞；D.puppy狗。后文提到“thelittledogreturnedtenfold(小狗十倍還回來)”，由此判斷，Renae生日時(shí)收到了一只小狗作為生日禮物。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從一開始，這兩個(gè)就形影不離。A.unfriendly不友好；B.inseparable形影不離的；C.disharmonious不和諧的；D.impolite不禮貌的。后文提到“EveryounceofloveRenaegave,thelittledogreturnedtenfold.(Renae給予的每一分愛，小狗都會(huì)回報(bào)十倍)”，由此判斷，小狗和女孩的關(guān)系很密切。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)Renae14歲的時(shí)候，她的父親得到了一份新工作，隨之而來的是一個(gè)令人震驚的警告：他將在家里工作，并且房子需要沒有噪音干擾。A.got得到；B.quit停止；C.assigned分派；D.approved同意。后文提到“anewjob(一份新的工作)”，說明父親得到了新的工作。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)Renae14第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 歲的時(shí)候，她的父親得到了一份新工作，隨之而來的是一個(gè)令人震驚的警告：他將在家里工作，并且房子需要沒有噪音干擾。A.befreeof沒有，遠(yuǎn)離；B.beavailablefor可用于；C.besuitablefor適合于……D.betiredof對……感到疲倦。根據(jù)后文“Chloewasverynoisy(Chloe很吵鬧)”以及“Withnoeasieroption,thefamilysentChloetoahumanesociety.(沒有更容易的選擇，這家人把Chloe送到了動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì))”可知，吵鬧的Chloe被送到了動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)，說明父親需要一個(gè)安靜的工作環(huán)境。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這件事上，我沒有任何選擇，盡管我不想與我的小狗分開。A.idea想法，觀點(diǎn)；B.choice選擇；C.alternative替代物；D.suggestion建議。后文提到“Withnoeasieroption,thefamilysentChloetoahumanesociety.(沒有更容易的選擇，這家人把Chloe送到了動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì))”，因?yàn)榘职中枰粋€(gè)安靜的工作環(huán)境，Chloe不得不被送往動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)，這對于14歲的Renae來講沒有其他的選擇。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我不想和我的小狗分開。A.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；B.breakawayfrom脫離，放棄；C.giveinto屈服于；D.getridof除去，擺脫。根據(jù)后文“Withnoeasieroption,thefamilysentChloetoahumanesociety.(沒有更容易的選擇，這家人把Chloe送到了動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì))”可知，小狗最終被送走了，所以是女孩不想與小狗分開。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是覺得很難受，很難過。A.delighted高興的；B.sad難過的；C.confused困惑的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。前文提到“Ijustfeltsosick(我只是覺得很難受)”，說明Renae和小狗Chloe分開的時(shí)候是非常難過的。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，Renae長大了，結(jié)婚了，有了自己的孩子。A.Overtime隨著時(shí)間的推移；B.Ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)；C.Attimes有時(shí)；偶爾；D.Atatime一次。后文提到“Renaegrewup,gotmarried,andhadachildofherown.(Renae長大了，結(jié)婚了，有了自己的孩子)”，由此判斷，隨著時(shí)間的過去，Renae慢慢長大，并走過了人生的不同階段。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回憶起小時(shí)候養(yǎng)狗給她帶來的快樂，Renae希望她的女兒也能體驗(yàn)到同樣的快樂。A.sorrow痛苦；B.satisfaction滿足；C.confusion困惑；D.joy快樂。前文提到“Shewasmybestfriend(她是我最好的朋友)”，由此判斷，Renae在小狗的陪伴下獲得了許多的快樂。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：回憶起小時(shí)候養(yǎng)狗給她帶來的快樂，Renae第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 希望她的女兒也能體驗(yàn)到同樣的快樂。A.experience體驗(yàn)；B.assume假設(shè)；C.wonder好奇；D.observe觀察。后文提到“thesame(同樣的)”，由此判斷，Renae也希望自己的女兒能體驗(yàn)到自己童年時(shí)和狗狗在一起的愉快經(jīng)歷。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她本來想收養(yǎng)一只小狗，但有一天她在社交媒體平臺(tái)上看到了一條關(guān)于一只年老的狗需要新家的帖子。A.decorate裝飾；B.adopt收養(yǎng)；C.purchase購買；D.borrow借。后文提到“Shewouldadoptthisolderdog.(她將收養(yǎng)這只年老的狗狗)”，由此判斷，Renae本來想收養(yǎng)一只小狗狗的。故選B。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她本來想收養(yǎng)一只小狗，但有一天她在社交媒體平臺(tái)上看到了一條關(guān)于一只年老的狗需要新家的帖子。A.junior年齡較小的；B.prior優(yōu)先的；C.senior年老的；D.young年輕的。后文提到“ThedoginthephotographlookedalotlikeChloe—shewasevennamedChloe.(照片中的狗看起來很像Chloe——她甚至被命名為Chloe)”，隨著時(shí)間的推移，Renae長大了，小狗也會(huì)變老，而這只小狗長得十分像Chloe，因此她看到的應(yīng)該是一只年老的狗需要被收養(yǎng)的帖子。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她立刻決定：她要收養(yǎng)這只老狗。A.decided決定；B.responded反應(yīng)；C.recovered恢復(fù)；D.attached附上。后文提到“Shewouldadoptthisolderdog.(她要收養(yǎng)這只年老的狗狗)”，由此判斷，Renae看到狗狗之后就立刻決定要收養(yǎng)它。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Chloe似乎對Renae也有同樣的感覺。A.direction方向；B.appearance外表；C.way方式；D.phenomenon氛圍。前文提到“WhenshemetChloe,thedogseemedsofamiliar.(當(dāng)她見到Chloe的時(shí)候，狗狗似乎非常熟悉)”，且后文提到“SoonRenaecriedwithexcitementbecauseshefeltsoluckytohaveChloeagain.(不久，Renae興奮地哭了起來，因?yàn)樗X得再次擁有Chloe是多么幸運(yùn))”，由此判斷，再次見面的他們都感到非常熟悉彼此，Chloe對Renae也有同樣熟悉的感覺，固定短語feelthesameway表示“有同樣的感覺”。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ImperialMountainResortinChengdeusedtobetheresortofemperorsofQingDynasty.SituatedinthecityofChengdeinnortheasternHebeiProvince,theresortis____36____(convenient)accessiblebyeithertrainorlong-distancebus.Andtheresort,____37____constructionsstartedin1703andtook89yearstocomplete,isregardedasoneofChina’sfourfamousgardens.Surroundedbylakes,forestandmountains,itisChina’s____38____(large)existingimperialgardenandthe第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 formersummercapitaloftheQingDynasty,____39____(cover)anareaof5.64millionsquaremeters.ThesizeofChengdeSummerResortisasbigasthatoftheForbiddenCityandtheSummerPalace____40____(combine).The10-km-longwallarounditwindsitswaythroughplainsandhighmountains____41____theGreatWall.Theresortandthe12Buddhisttemplesatitsperiphery(外圍)werebuiltduringtheQingDynasty.ItservedasthesecondpoliticalcenteroftheQingimperialcourt____42____theemperorsoftheearlyQingDynastyoftenspenttheirsummersthere,conductingstate____43____(affair)andengaginginimportantpoliticalactivities.TheresortanditsoutertemplesandpalaceshavemadeChengde____44____famoushistoricalandculturalcity,andoneofChina’sleadingscenicspots.TheImperialResort_____45_____(list)inthedirectoryoftheworld’sculturalheritagesin1994.【答案】36.conveniently37.whose38.largest39.covering40.combined41.like42.and43.affairs44.a45.waslisted【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了承德避暑山莊的基本情況?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：該度假村位于河北省承德市，坐火車或長途汽車都很方便。此空修飾形容詞accessible“可得到的、可利用的”，應(yīng)使用副詞，故填conveniently?！?7題詳解】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：景區(qū)始建于1703年，歷時(shí)89年建成，是中國四大名園之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后逗號(hào)中間部分為非限制性定語從句，先行詞resort與constructions之間存在所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞whose，故填whose?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：湖林山環(huán)抱，是中國現(xiàn)存最大的皇家園林，曾是清朝夏都，占地564萬平方米。根據(jù)語義可知，其面積是最大的皇家園林，應(yīng)使用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式，故填largest?！?9題詳解】第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：湖林山環(huán)抱，是中國現(xiàn)存最大的皇家園林，曾是清朝夏都，占地564萬平方米。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，后半句為非謂語，主句的主語it與動(dòng)詞cover“占據(jù)”之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，故填covering?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：承德避暑山莊的規(guī)模相當(dāng)于紫禁城和頤和園的總和。本句已有動(dòng)詞is，且空處沒有連詞，所以空處需用非謂語動(dòng)詞；空處動(dòng)詞與空前名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空處需用過去分詞作后置定語。故填combined?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：十公里的圍墻像長城一樣蜿蜒起伏,穿越平原,跨過高山。此處需用介詞like，表示像長城一樣蜿蜒起伏。故填like?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：清廷是清廷的第二個(gè)政治中心，清初的皇帝經(jīng)常在那里過夏，主持國家事務(wù)，從事重要的政治活動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，前后句之間存在并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用連詞and，故填and?！?3題詳解】考查可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：清廷是清廷的第二個(gè)政治中心，清初的皇帝經(jīng)常在那里過夏，主持國家事務(wù)，從事重要的政治活動(dòng)。名詞affair“事務(wù)”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)可數(shù)名詞的性質(zhì)，應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填affairs?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：承德旅游度假區(qū)及其外圍寺廟和宮殿，使承德成為一個(gè)歷史文化名城，成為中國首屈一指的風(fēng)景區(qū)之一。此處為泛指，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞，famous是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。【45題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：1994年被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。此處為句子的謂語部分，單數(shù)主語與動(dòng)詞list“列為”之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)后文in1994可知為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填waslisted。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假設(shè)你是李華，請以閱讀英語文學(xué)作品為主題寫一篇演講稿。內(nèi)容包括：1．閱讀英語文學(xué)作品的重要性；2．你閱讀英語文學(xué)作品的經(jīng)歷；3．鼓勵(lì)多閱讀文學(xué)作品。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 2．開頭已給出。Myfellowstudents,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Myfellowstudents,IfeelgreatlyhonoredtohaveachanceheretodeliveraspeechonEnglishliterature.It’sknownthatreadingEnglishliteraturenotonlyoffersusachancetoappreciatethebeautyofanotherdifferentculturebutalsoallowsustocommunicatewiththosegreatminds.WhenIwasinjuniorhigh,Iwasaddictedto“RomeoandJuliet”,oneofthemostfamouslove-tragediesintheworksofShakespeare.Ihavereadanewbookeveryyearsince.IappealtoeveryoneofyoutoreadmoreEnglishliteratureandyouwon’tregretit!Thanksforlistening!【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生以閱讀英語文學(xué)作品為主題寫一篇演講稿?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累機(jī)會(huì)：chance→opportunity欣賞：appreciate→admire沉迷于：beaddictedto→beobsessedwith著名的：famous→known2.句式拓展同義句轉(zhuǎn)換原句：It’sknownthatreadingEnglishliteraturenotonlyoffersusachancetoappreciatethebeautyofanotherdifferentculturebutalsoallowsustocommunicatewiththosegreatminds.拓展句：Asisknowntoall,readingEnglishliteraturenotonlyoffersusachancetoappreciatethebeautyofanotherdifferentculturebutalsoallowsustocommunicatewiththosegreatminds.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】It’sknownthatreadingEnglishliteraturenotonlyoffersusachancetoappreciatethebeautyofanotherdifferentculturebutalsoallowsustocommunicatewiththosegreatminds.（運(yùn)用了it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的主語從句）第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 【高分句型2】WhenIwasinjuniorhigh,Iwasaddictedto“RomeoandJuliet”,oneofthemostfamouslove-tragediesintheworksofShakespeare.（運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasSaturday—Toby’sbirthdayparty.Butnoneofhisclassmateswashere.Hesataloneinawheelchairinhislivingroom,tryingnottocry.“It’llbealright,kid.DoyouwantmetoperformsomeofSpider-Man’stricks?”Ronasked.Toby’smotherMarissahiredhim,whoworkedasaperformerimitating(模仿)Spider-Man.Tobyshookhishead.“Areyousure?Ibetyou’lllikeit,”Roncontinued.Marissashookherhead.“Thatwon’tcheerhimup,Ron,”shestated.“Tobyhasbeenlookingforwardtohisclassmatesbeinghere.It’sallhewanted.Itstartedayearago,andithasn’tbeeneasy.Beinginawheelchairinaschoolofable-bodiedkidshasbeentough,butIwantedhimtofeelnormal.However,childrencanbecruel(殘忍的).”“Igetit,”Ronreplied.“Askedbytheteacher,wehandedouttheinvitationsinclass.Allthekidslookedexcited,especiallywhenItoldthemSpider-Manwascoming,”Marissaadded.“Ican’tbelievenoneofthemcame.”ThiswascausedbyaboycalledBob.Thisboybullied(欺侮)Tobysometimes.Hehadsecretlytoldtheotherkidstohidetheinvitationsandnottogivethemtotheirparents.MarissaandTobydidn’tknowallthis.Havingnochoice,Marissasaidthispartywasover.Ronreachedhome.Hetookouthisphone,lookingatthephotoshehadtakenthatafternoon.HerememberedhowexcitedTobyhadbeeninthebeginningwhiletheywaitedforhisclassmates.HealsorememberedhowsadTobyhadbeenatlast.RonfeltsadanddecidedtohelpToby.Suddenly,hehadanidea.HemadeapostonhisFacebookpage.HeexplainedwhathadhappenedtoToby.AndhewishedpeopletosendTobypresentstocheerhimup.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thenextday,Ron’spostwasreadbysomelocalpeople.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 Thistime,allkidsincludingBobshoweduptocelebratewithToby.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thenextday,Ron’spostwasreadbysomelocalpeople.FeelingsorryforToby,theyboughtgiftsonlineanddeliveredthemtohim.AnditsohappenedthatsomeofToby’sclassmates’parentsalsoreadthepost.Theyaskedtheirkidswhatwaswrong.Thekidshonestlyexplainedeverythingindetail.ThenthoseparentsgottogetherandgaveToby’smotherMarissaacall.Theyaskediftheycouldcomethatdayandhaveaparty.Shegladlyagreed.Thistime,allkidsincludingBobshoweduptocelebratewithToby.Tobycouldnotbelievehiseyes!Hewassosurprisedandexcited,withtearsstreamingdown.WhileRonperformedattheparty,Tobyandotherkidswatchedexcitedlytogether.Whenthepartywasover,BobwenttoTobyandapologizedsincerely.Tobyforgavehimandthetwokidsheldeachothertightlyforalongtime.Dayslater,Tobyreceivedmanygiftsfromstrangers.MarissawassothankfulforwhatRondidforhisson.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了身患?xì)埣驳腡oby邀請班里的同學(xué)參加自己的生日聚會(huì)，他的媽媽還邀請了一名模仿蜘蛛俠的演員Ron，同學(xué)們很興奮，但是由于班里一個(gè)男孩Bob的惡作劇，同學(xué)們都把請柬藏了起來，沒有告訴父母，最后一個(gè)人也沒來，Toby很傷心，Ron回家后翻看照片，看到Toby在等待同學(xué)們時(shí)的興奮和最后的傷心，他決定幫助Toby，于是他將Toby的遭遇發(fā)在網(wǎng)上，希望人們送Toby禮物，讓他高興起來?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“第二天，Ron的帖子被一些當(dāng)?shù)厝丝吹搅?。”可知，第一段可描寫?dāng)?shù)厝速I禮物送給Toby并且一些同學(xué)的父母了解了事情的原委后打算當(dāng)天來參加聚會(huì)。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“這一次，包括Bob在內(nèi)的所有孩子都來和Toby一起慶祝。”可知，第二段可描寫Toby的反應(yīng)以及Bob向Toby道歉并得到原諒。2.續(xù)寫線索：送禮物——同學(xué)父母了解事情原委——參加聚會(huì)——Toby驚訝、激動(dòng)——Bob道歉并得到原諒——感謝Ron3.詞匯激活行為類①購買：buy/purchase第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司 ②出現(xiàn)：showup/turnup③道歉：apologize/makeanapology情緒類①高興地：gladly/delightedly②驚訝：surprised/astonished【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Theyaskedtheirkidswhatwaswrong.（由連接代詞what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作ask的賓語）[高分句型2]Hewassosurprisedandexcited,withtearsstreamingdown.（with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語）[高分句型3]WhileRonperformedattheparty,Tobyandotherkidswatchedexcitedlytogether.（while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句）第23頁/共23頁學(xué)科網(wǎng)（北京）股份有限公司