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1、東??茖W(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文基于AIS的船舶避碰數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要AIS(AutomaticIdentificationSystem)是工作在VHF海上頻段的船舶和岸基廣播數(shù)據(jù)傳輸系統(tǒng)。它是一種可在船與船之間以及船與岸之間交換數(shù)字信息的工具。本文首先對(duì)AIS及基于AIS船舶避碰系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)介,對(duì)AIS的基本組成、基本功能,AIS的工作過(guò)程、通信協(xié)議、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、本課題國(guó)內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài)等進(jìn)行綜述。研究了基于AIS的船舶數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),從靜態(tài)信息:船長(zhǎng)及寬度、船舶類(lèi)別及AIS定位儀天線在船舶所處位置等;動(dòng)態(tài)信息:精確及完整的船舶位置對(duì)地航線、對(duì)地速度、船首向和轉(zhuǎn)向速度等;航行相關(guān)信息:船
2、舶吃水、目的地、計(jì)劃航行路線等;安全相關(guān)的短信息:重要的航行警告或重要的氣象警告等進(jìn)行整體的研究及分析。本文先對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,從本船傳感器提取的信息數(shù)據(jù)主要有DGPS數(shù)據(jù)、Gyro數(shù)據(jù)、Log數(shù)據(jù)等。由DGPS數(shù)據(jù)可以得到船舶對(duì)地航向、對(duì)地航速、GPS位置信息。由Gyro數(shù)據(jù)還可以得到轉(zhuǎn)向率,由Log數(shù)據(jù)可以得到航速。對(duì)這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行濾波處理,可進(jìn)一步得到更準(zhǔn)確、可靠的數(shù)據(jù)。針對(duì)接收到的數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)了模塊電路:鑒頻電路的設(shè)計(jì),采用了互感耦合鑒頻器。解碼電路的設(shè)計(jì),用FSK調(diào)制解調(diào)電路進(jìn)行說(shuō)明,并對(duì)其相關(guān)的原理進(jìn)行了介紹。采用了C5402DSP芯片,并對(duì)它的功能,模塊流程圖進(jìn)行了詳
3、細(xì)的介紹。本文還采用了RS-485接口電路和LCD顯示電路的設(shè)計(jì)。最后還進(jìn)行軟件流程的設(shè)計(jì),并編譯部分相關(guān)的程序。關(guān)鍵詞:船舶避碰;AIS;數(shù)據(jù)采集32東??茖W(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文AbstractAIS(AutomaticIdentificationSystem)isaworkinVHFmarinebandradiotoshipsandshore-baseddatatransmissionsystem.Itisinbetweenvesselsandbetweenvesselsandshoreexchangeofdigitalinformationtools.Thisarticl
4、efirstAISandAIS-basedcollisionavoidancesystemprofile,thebasiccomponentsoftheAIS,thebasicfunction,AISoftheworkprocess,communicationprotocols,technicalstandards,applicationresearchofthistopicaresummarized.OfAISship-baseddataacquisitionsystem,fromstaticinformation:thecaptainandthewidthoftheAISsh
5、iptypeandshiplocatorantennalocation,etc.;dynamicinformation:accurateandcompletelocationofthelandroutesofships,andgroundspeed,thebowtospeedandsteering;navigationinformation:draft,ships,destination,plannednavigationroutes;security-relatedshortmessage:importantnavigationalwarningsorimportantmete
6、orologicalwarningstotheoverallresearchandanalysis.ThisarticlefirstanalyzesthestructureofthedatafromtheshipsensorinformationdataextractedmainlyDGPSdata,GyroData,Logdata.DGPSdatacanbeobtainedbytheship-to-groundcourse,groundspeed,GPSlocationinformation.DatafromtheGyrocanbeturnedtotherateofspeedb
7、ytheLogdatacanbeobtained.Filteringofthesedata,furthermoreaccurateandreliabledata.Forthereceiveddata,thedesignofthemodulecircuit:Kam-frequencycircuitdesign,usingamutualinductancecouplingfrequencydiscriminator.Decodingcircuit,withFSKmodulationa