資源描述:
《施氮量對(duì)小麥穗花發(fā)育及穗粒數(shù)的影響》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫(kù)。
1、麥類作物學(xué)報(bào)2014,34(5):668-673JournalofTriticeaeCropsdoi:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2014.05.15網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版時(shí)間:2014-5-12網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/doi/10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2014.05.15.html施氮量對(duì)小麥穗花發(fā)育及穗粒數(shù)的影響王祎,李青松,王宜倫,李慧,史金,金修寬,譚金芳,韓燕來(河南省糧食作物協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心/華北小麥玉米輪作營(yíng)養(yǎng)與施肥科學(xué)觀測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)站,河南鄭州4
2、50002)摘要:為了解小麥穗發(fā)育與氮素營(yíng)養(yǎng)的關(guān)系,通過田間試驗(yàn),設(shè)置90、180、270kg·hm-2三個(gè)施氮量水平(分別用N1、N2和N3表示),選用半冬性小麥品種豫麥49和弱春性品種太空6號(hào)為材料,研究了施氮量對(duì)小麥主莖幼穗長(zhǎng)度、第九小穗小花發(fā)育進(jìn)程、每穗總小穗數(shù)、不孕小穗數(shù)、小穗結(jié)實(shí)率、產(chǎn)量及其構(gòu)成的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨著時(shí)間的推移,小麥主莖幼穗長(zhǎng)度對(duì)施氮量響應(yīng)逐漸明顯,豫麥49和太空6號(hào)分別表現(xiàn)為N3>N2>N1和N2>N3>N1。豫麥49第九小穗第4~6朵小花發(fā)育進(jìn)程對(duì)施氮量響應(yīng)差異顯著,且分化程度隨施氮水平的提
3、高而增加;太空6號(hào)第3~6朵小花進(jìn)程對(duì)施氮量響應(yīng)差異顯著,其中第3朵小花在發(fā)育進(jìn)程前期N2處理快于N1、N3處理,中期和后期N2、N3處理快于N1處理,第4~6朵小花分化程度則一直表現(xiàn)為N2>N3>N1。不同施氮處理間總小穗數(shù)、不孕小穗數(shù)、小穗結(jié)實(shí)率、產(chǎn)量、穗粒數(shù)等指標(biāo)差異亦顯著,且品種之間對(duì)施氮反應(yīng)存在差異,其中豫麥49的總小穗數(shù)、小穗結(jié)實(shí)率、產(chǎn)量、穗粒數(shù)呈N3>N2>N1,而太空6號(hào)呈N2>N3>N1;豫麥49小穗結(jié)實(shí)率呈N3<N2<N1,而太空6號(hào)呈N2<N3<N1。由此可見,施氮量對(duì)小麥產(chǎn)量的影響與其對(duì)小穗中部小花
4、發(fā)育、每穗總小穗數(shù)、不孕小穗數(shù)和單穗結(jié)實(shí)率的影響相一致。關(guān)鍵詞:小麥;氮肥用量;穗花發(fā)育;穗粒數(shù);產(chǎn)量中圖分類號(hào):S512.1;S311文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1009-1041(2014)05-0668-06EffectofAmountNitrogenAppliedonYoungSpikeDevelopmentandKernelNumberofWinterWheatWANGYi,LIQingsong,WANGYilun,LIHui,SHIJin,JINXiukuan,TANJinfang,HANYanlai(HenanG
5、rainCropCollaborativeInnovationCenter/NorthernWheat/MaizeRotationNutritionandFertilizationScienceObservationandExperimentStation,Zhengzhou,Henan450002,China)Abstract:Semi-winterwheatcultivarYumai49andweakspringwheatcultivarTaikong6wereusedin-2afieldexperimentwith3
6、nitrogenapplicationlevelsof90(N1),180(N2),270(N3)kg·hmtoin-vestigatetheeffectsofnitrogenapplicationonthespikeletlengthofmainstem,developmentofthefloretsatdifferentpositionsofthe9thspikelet,spikeletdifferentiationperspike,numberofmalesterilespikeletsandspikeletsett
7、ingrate,yieldanditscomponents.Resultsshowedthatalongwithwheatdevelopment,thespikeletlengthofthemainstemresponsetonitrogenapplicationobviously,aswiththeincreasingofnitrogenapplicationamount,Yumai59showedN3>N2>N1,Taikong6showedN2>N3>N1.The3rd~6thfloretdevelopmentof9
8、thspikeletofYumai49significantlyre-sponsedtothenitrogenapplicationamount,thedifferentiationdegreeincreasedwiththeincreasingofnitrogenapplicationamount.T