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1、作物學(xué)報ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2014,40(11):2016?2027http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.02016秈粳雜交稻甬優(yōu)2640缽苗機插超高產(chǎn)群體若干特征探討111111,*2胡雅杰朱大偉錢海軍曹偉偉邢志鵬張洪程周有炎3411111陳厚存汪洪洋戴其根霍中洋許軻魏海燕郭保衛(wèi)12揚州大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)部長江流域稻作技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心/揚州大學(xué)江蘇省作物遺傳生理重點實驗室,江蘇揚州22
2、5009;江蘇省興化市農(nóng)業(yè)34局,江蘇興化225700;江蘇省海安縣作物栽培技術(shù)指導(dǎo)站,江蘇海安226600;江蘇省東海縣作物栽培技術(shù)指導(dǎo)站,江蘇東海222300摘要:選用大穗型秈粳雜交稻甬優(yōu)2640,以國家糧食豐產(chǎn)科技工程實施基地江蘇東海、興化和海安6.4、6.8和2–2–27.3hm連片超高產(chǎn)攻關(guān)方為依托,對秈粳雜交稻缽苗機插超高產(chǎn)群體(13.5thm左右)和高產(chǎn)群體(12.0thm左右)系統(tǒng)比較研究,旨在闡明秸稈還田條件下缽苗機插水稻超高產(chǎn)產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成及其群體特征。結(jié)果表明,與高產(chǎn)群體相比,秈粳雜交稻缽苗機插超高產(chǎn)群體表現(xiàn)穗型大、粒數(shù)多和群體穎花量高,有效穗數(shù)、結(jié)實率和千
3、粒重相當(dāng);群體莖蘗數(shù)生育前期穩(wěn)步增長,有效分蘗臨界葉齡期達適宜穗數(shù),拔節(jié)期高峰苗數(shù)量少,拔節(jié)之后緩慢消減,最終成穗率高;群體葉面積指數(shù)有效分蘗臨界葉齡期和拔節(jié)期較小,孕穗期達最大值(8.5左右),此后平穩(wěn)減少,成熟期仍保持3.5以上;群體干物質(zhì)積累量有效分蘗臨界葉齡期和拔節(jié)期相當(dāng),拔節(jié)后積累較快,孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期顯著或極顯著增高,且生育中、后期干物質(zhì)積累比例高;群體氮素積累、群體光合勢、群體生長率和凈同化率表現(xiàn)為“前小,中高,后強”。說明水稻缽苗機插超高產(chǎn)群體生育中、后期具有較強的光合物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)力和較高的氮素積累量。本文還探討了秸稈還田條件下水稻缽苗機插超高產(chǎn)栽培關(guān)鍵技
4、術(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞:缽苗機插;秈粳雜交稻;超高產(chǎn);產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成;群體特征SomeCharacteristicsofMechanicallyTransplantedPotSeedlingsinSuperHighYieldingPopulationofIndica-JaponicaHybridRiceYongyou2640111111,*HUYa-Jie,ZHUDa-Wei,QIANHai-Jun,CAOWei-Wei,XINGZhi-Peng,ZHANGHong-Cheng,234111ZHOUYou-Yan,CHENHou-Cun,WANGHong-Yang,DAIQi-Gen,HUO
5、Zhong-Yang,XUKe,WEI11Hai-Yan,andGUOBao-Wei1InnovationCenterofRiceCultivationTechnologyintheYangtzeValley,MinistryofAgriculture/KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiology2ofJiangsuProvince,YangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225009,China;AgricultureBureauofXinghuaCounty,JiangsuProvince,Xinghua225700,3
6、4China;CropCulturalStation,Hai’anCounty,Hai’an226600,China;CropCulturalStationofDonghaiCounty,Donghai222300,ChinaAbstract:Inordertoidentifythecharacteristicsofsuperhighyieldingpopulationanditsyieldformationinmechanicallytrans-plantedpotseedlingsofricewithwheatstrawreturn,weselectedalargepa
7、nicletypeindica-japonicahybridriceYongyou2640asmaterialinDonghai,XinghuaandHai’an,andanalyzedgrainyieldanditscomponentsandcharacteristicsofitssuperhigh–1–1yieldingpopulation(SHY13.5tha)andhighyieldingpopulation(HY12.0tha).Theresultsshowedthat,comparedwithHY,SH
