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1、年產(chǎn)30萬噸乙酸乙酯的工藝設計摘要乙酸乙酯是重要的精細化工原料。它是一種具有優(yōu)異溶解性能和快干性能的溶劑，已廣泛應用于生產(chǎn)中。目前，乙酸乙酯的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)方法已趨于成熟，而乙醛縮合法因其具有原料來源廣泛、綠色、環(huán)保等優(yōu)點在眾多生產(chǎn)方法中脫穎而出最具發(fā)展前景。本設計采用乙醛縮合法，對工藝中的主要設備進行物料與能量衡算，并對乙酸乙酯的精餾塔、反應器進行了設計選型。根據(jù)設計要求對設備進行選型。就脫乙醇塔而言，塔體壓力為常壓，回流比取3，操作條件：XD=99%、XW=0.01。計算出塔板數(shù)為46塊，塔高22.4m。對塔體的主要尺寸設計：精餾段：算得堰長為0.72m，出口
2、堰高為0.045m，堰寬為0.106m，降液管底隙高度為0.028m；提餾段：算得堰長為1.2，出口堰高為0.049m，堰寬為0.176m，降液管底隙高度為0.027m。對于反應器選擇連續(xù)型攪拌反應釜：算得筒體高度4.8m，筒體和封頭直徑3m，內(nèi)筒筒體厚度為10mm。設計中，首先根據(jù)工藝操作的要求和特點，參照相關工藝的資料，繪制工藝流程圖，然后根據(jù)工藝計算結(jié)構(gòu)設計的最終數(shù)據(jù)畫出主要設備圖。設計滿足安全生產(chǎn)要求，而且經(jīng)濟合理。關鍵詞：乙酸乙酯，乙醛縮合法，物料衡算，精餾塔，工藝流程圖93PRODUCTIONDESIGNWITHANANNUALOUTPUTOF3
3、00THOUSANDSTONSOFETHYLACETATEABSTRACTEthylacetateisanimportantfinechemicalrawmaterial.Itisakindofexcellentsolubilityandfast-dryingsolvent,hasbeenwidelyusedinproduction.Atpresent,theindustrialproductionofethylacetatehavebeenmoreandmoremature,andthecondensationofacetaldehydebecauseof
4、itswiderawmaterialsources,green,environmentalprotectionandotheradvantagesstandoutfrommanyproductionmethodsinthemostdevelopmentprospect.Thecondensationofacetaldehydehadbeenusedinthedesign,materialandenergybalancecalculationofthemainprocessequipment,anddistillationtower,reactorforeth
5、ylacetateweredesignselection.Accordingtothedesignrequirements,weselectedthesuitableequipment.Asfarasalcoholtower,thetowerbodywasatatmosphericpressure,refluxratiowas3,theoperatingconditions:XD=99%,XW=0.01.Wecouldcalculatethattheplatenumberwas46,theheightofthetowerwas22.4m.Themaindim
6、ensionsdesignoftowerbody:rectifyingsection:thelengthoftheweirwas0.72m,theoutletheightoftheweirwas0.045m,thewidthwas0.106m,thedowncomerheightofthebottomclearancewas0.028m;strippingsection:thelengthofweirwas1.2mr,theoutletheightoftheweirwas0.049m,thewidthwas0.176m,thedowncomerheighto
7、fthebottomclearancewas0.027m.Thereactorwasselectedcontinuousstirredtankreactor:theheightofcylinderwas4.8mbycalculation,thediameterofcylinderandheadwas3m,thethicknessoftheinnercylinderwas10mm.Inthedesign,accordingtotheprocessrequirementsandcharacteristics,referencetotherelatedproces
8、sdata,we93coulddrawaproces
