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1、摘要對雙層規(guī)劃問題進行算法研究具有現(xiàn)實意義和應用前景,近年來受到眾多領域的廣泛關注。雙層規(guī)劃問題是一類具有遞階結構的非凸優(yōu)化問題,雙層規(guī)劃的非凸性和不可微性給其數(shù)值求解帶來了極大的困難,特別是求解非線性雙層規(guī)劃問題的全局最優(yōu)解更加困難。遺傳算法是一種解決復雜非線性優(yōu)化問題的新型的有效方法,它不受目標函數(shù)的可微性、凸性、連續(xù)性等限制。具有全局優(yōu)化、隱并行性、魯棒性強、操作簡單等特點。本文主要分析了雙層規(guī)劃的復雜性和遺傳算法的優(yōu)點,用遺傳算法來求解雙層規(guī)劃問題。主要研究兩種類型的雙層規(guī)劃問題,一類是下層為凸二次規(guī)劃的雙層規(guī)劃,一類是灰色雙層線性規(guī)劃。首先
2、,對下層是凸二次規(guī)劃這一特殊結構的非線性雙層規(guī)劃問題,將下層的最優(yōu)解用上層的決策變量或者Lagrange乘子來表示,并將下層的最優(yōu)解帶入到上層,把雙層規(guī)劃問題轉(zhuǎn)化為含上層決策變量和Lagrange乘子的單層規(guī)劃問題,設計一個改進的變異算子和一個局部搜索算子,提出一種混合遺傳算法。大量的數(shù)值實驗結果驗證了算法的有效性。其次,對灰色雙層線性規(guī)劃進行了研究。提出了定位區(qū)間的概念和滿意度計算的新方法,并對其性質(zhì)進行了研究,根據(jù)灰色雙層線性規(guī)劃的特性,改進了種群初始化方法和適應度值計算方法,對灰色雙層線性規(guī)劃解的情況進行了初始判斷,設計一個新的遺傳算法求解。最
3、后給出一個例子,說明算法的可行性。.關鍵詞:雙層規(guī)劃遺傳算法全局優(yōu)化灰色雙層線性規(guī)劃求解特殊雙層規(guī)劃問題的遺傳算法AbstractBi—levelprogrammingproblem,brieflydenotedbyBLPP,hasbeenwidelyused,andtheresearchonalgorithmsforBLPPisofrealsignificance.Somuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothisareainrecentyears.Bi—levelprogrammingproblems(BLPPs)arenon-co
4、nvexoptimizationproblemswithhierarchicalstructure.ItisverydifjficulttodetermineitssolutionofBLPPbecauseofitsinherentnon-convexityandnon—differentiability.Inparticular,itismoredifficulttogettheglobaloptimalsolutionofnonlinearBLPP.Geneticalgorithm,brieflydenotedbyGA,isanewkindofe
5、ffectivealgorithmforverycomplexnonlinearprogramming.Itisnotrestrictedbyfunctionsinvolvingrequitingdifferentiability,convexitycontinuationandSOon.IthasSOmeadvantagessuchasglobalsearchability,implicitparallelism,robustness,simpleoperationandSOon.Inthispaper,westudythedifficultyof
6、bi-levelprogrammingandgoodperformanceofgeneticalgorithm.Geneticalgorithmsaleappliedtosolvetwokindsofbi—levelprogramming.Onekindisthelowerforconvexquadraticprogrammingbi—levelprogramming,andtheotherkindisagraybi-levellinearprogramming.Firstly,foraclassofconvexquadraticprogrammin
7、gbi—levelprogramming,theoptimalsolutionofthelower-levelproblemisrepresentedbytheupper-levelvariablesorLagrangemultipliers.Thelower-levelvariablesareafunctionofupper-levelvariables.Thenthebi-levelprogrammingprogramcallbetransformedintoasingle-leveloptimizationprogramcontainingth
8、eupper-levelvariablesorLagrangemultipliersthroughrepla