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1、摘要中國與伊朗歷史上曾經(jīng)有過密切的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來,著名的古絲綢之路為兩國的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作提供了歷史基礎(chǔ)和深厚的文化底蘊。當(dāng)代中伊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的歷史進(jìn)程開啟于l949年新中國建立之際。建國初期由于意識形態(tài)的對立,兩國貿(mào)易額不大,且中國長期處于絕對順差地位。20世紀(jì)70年代以后,隨著中伊關(guān)系的不斷改善以及伊朗現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得重大發(fā)展,中伊兩國的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作開始進(jìn)入快速發(fā)展時期。隨后由于受戰(zhàn)爭和伊朗國內(nèi)局勢的影響,中伊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作很快又步入低谷,雙邊貿(mào)易額大幅波動且長期走勢低迷。1989年以后,中伊關(guān)系發(fā)生了歷史性轉(zhuǎn)折,兩國的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作也開始步入了發(fā)
2、展的快車道,雙邊的貿(mào)易額快速增長。2000年以后,隨著中幽經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,能源的消耗量日益增加,對伊朗能源的進(jìn)口量不斷增加,兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的格局發(fā)生了重大變化,中國由順差轉(zhuǎn)為逆差。國際政治環(huán)境的發(fā)展變化直接影響著兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的發(fā)展;中國對伊朗貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)的失衡,也影響著雙邊貿(mào)易的走勢;中國商品在伊朗市場競爭優(yōu)勢的不甚明顯,也制約著雙邊貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。因此,我們要制定新的對伊貿(mào)易政策。要調(diào)整出口商品結(jié)構(gòu),努力擴(kuò)大同伊朗經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的規(guī)模和水平,充分發(fā)揮雙方優(yōu)勢互補的積極因素,克服制約經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展的消極因素,促進(jìn)雙邊貿(mào)易健康有序的發(fā)展。關(guān)
3、鍵詞:中國;伊朗;經(jīng)貿(mào)合作;歷史進(jìn)程Process、CharacteristicandEffectofEconomicandTradeCooperationbetweenChinaandIranAbStractIntwenty.firstCentury,China’Srapideconomicdevelopmentofthegrowingdemandforenergy,butC]hina’Senergysecurityisfacingseriouschallengesfromallaspects.Iranhasric
4、hoilandgasresources,therefore,tostrengthenenergycooperationwithIranintheeconomicandtradecooperationhasanimportantstrategicmeaning.ModernIranrelationsopeningin1949theestablishmentofthenewChina,duetotheinternationalsituationanddomesticpoliticalfactorssuchasthedev
5、elopmentofboththecrossovereffects,Iranrelationsexperiencedaseriesofdifficultandtortuous.AfterthefoundingofChina,becausetheopposingideologies,thebilateraltradevolumeissmall,andwasalopsidedstate,atatimewhenChinaisintheabsolutesurplusstatus.However,goodtimesdon’tl
6、astlong.Sfibsequently,duetowarandIrandomesticinfluencethesituationinIraq,theeconomicandtradecooperationintothetrough,thevolumeoftradefluctuations,andlong—termdownturn.In1989,Irantothedomesticandforeignmademajoradjustmentsintheexchangeofhigh-levelvisits,affected
7、by,thebilateraleconomicandtradecooperationonthefasttrackofdevelopment.Rapidgrowthintradevolume,tradeandeconomiccooperationhasbeencontinuouslyenriched,ChinanOWisstillinthebalanceposition.After2000,thiskindofsituationisbroken,withtherapideconomicdevelopment,China
8、’Senergyimportscontinuetoincrease,thebilateraleconomicandtradecooperationpatternthusproducedessentialsextochange,Chinafromsurplustodeficit,andthedeficitisincreasedceaselessl